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Antlers Formation

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Antlers Formation
Stratigraphic range: Aptian
~120–112 Ma
TypeGeological formation
Lithology
PrimaryMudstone
OtherSandstone
Location
Region Oklahoma,  Texas
Country United States
Type section
Named byRobert Thomas Hill[1]

The Antlers Formation is a stratum which ranges from Arkansas through southern Oklahoma into northeastern Texas. The stratum is 150 m (490 ft) thick consisting of silty to sandy mudstone and fine to coarse grained sandstone that is poorly to moderately sorted. The stratum is cemented with clay and calcium carbonate. In places the sandstone may be conglomeratic or ferruginous (rich in iron oxides).

Based on correlation with the Trinity Group of Texas, the Antlers Formation is estimated to be late Aptian-early Albian. This age range is supported by the presence of two dinosaurs that are also known from the Cloverly Formation, Deinonychus and Tenontosaurus.

Amphibians

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Indeterminate frog remains. Possible indeterminate salamander remains.

Amphibians of the Antlers Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Abundance Notes Images

Albanerpeton

Albanerpeton arthridion

Albanerpeton

Fish

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References: Cifelli et al. 1999; Wedel et al. 2000, Kielan-Jarorowska and Cifelli 2001; Nydam and Cifelli 2002.

Cartilaginous fish

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Chondrichthyans of the Antlers Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Abundance Notes Images

Hybodus

Hybodus butleri

Hybodontidae

Hybodus

?Hybodus sp.

Lissodus

Lissodus anitae

Polyacrodontidae

Ray-finned fish

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Possible indeterminate amid remains. Possible indeterminate lepisosteid remains. Possible indeterminate semionotidae remains.

Actinopterygians of the Antlers Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Abundance Notes

Gyronchus

Gyronchus dumblei

?Palaeobalistum

?Palaeobalistum sp.

Mammals

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Possible indeterminate deltatheroidan material. Indeterminate multituberculate remains. Indeterminate tribosphenidan remains.

Mammals of the Antlers Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Abundance Notes

Astroconodon

Astroconodon sp.

Atokatheridium

Atokatheridium boreni

?Paracimexomys

Paracimexomys crossi

Reptiles

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Crurotarsans

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Possible indeterminate atoposaurid remains. Possible indeterminate goniopholidid remains. Possible indeterminate pholidosaurid remains.

Crurotarsans of the Antlers Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Abundance Notes Images

Bernissartia

Bemissartia sp.

Bernissartia

Lepidosaurs

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Possible indeterminate scincid remains.

Lepidosaurs of the Antlers Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Abundance Notes

Atokasaurus

Atokasaurus metarsiodon

Ptilotodon

Ptilotodon wilsoni

Ornithischians

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Ornithischians of the Antlers Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Abundance Notes Images

Tenontosaurus

Tenontosaurus sp.

Tenontosaurus

Saurischians

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Possible indeterminate bird remains are known from the formation.

Saurischians of the Antlers Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images

Acrocanthosaurus

Acrocanthosaurus atokensis

Acrocanthosaurus
Astrodon
Deinonychus
Sauroposeidon

Astrodon

Astrodon sp.

Deinonychus

Deinonychus antirrhopus

Sauroposeidon

Sauroposeidon proteles

"[Four] cervical vertebrae."[2]

Turtles

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Turtles of the Antlers Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Abundance Notes

?Glyptops

Glyptops sp.

Naomichelys

Naomichelys sp.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Hill, R.T. (1894). "Geology of parts of Texas, Indian Territory and Arkansas adjacent to Red River". Bulletin of the Geological Society of America. 5: 303.
  2. ^ "Table 13.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 267.

Further reading

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  • Cifelli, R. Gardner, J.D., Nydam, R.L., and Brinkman, D.L. 1999. Additions to the vertebrate fauna of the Antlers Formation (Lower Cretaceous), southeastern Oklahoma. Oklahoma Geology Notes 57:124-131.
  • Nydam, R.L. and R. L. Cifelli. 2002a. Lizards from the Lower Cretaceous (Aptian-Albian) Antlers and Cloverly formations. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 22:286–298.
  • Kielan-Jarorowska, Z., and Cifelli, R.L. 2001. Primitive boreosphenidan mammal (?Deltatheroida) from the Early Cretaceous of Oklahoma. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 46: 377-391.
  • Wedel, M.J., Cifelli, R.L., and Sanders, R. K. 2000. Sauroposeidon Proteles, A new sauropod from the Early Cretaceous of Oklahoma. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 20:109-114.