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Anjanibai Malpekar

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Anjanibai Malpekar
Malpekar became the muse for Raja Ravi Varma's "Lady in the Moon Light" (1889)
Background information
Born(1883-04-22)22 April 1883
Pernem, Goa
Died7 August 1974(1974-08-07) (aged 91)
Bombay, Maharashtra
GenresHindustani classical music
Occupation(s)vocalist, music educator
Years active1899–1970s

Anjanibai Malpekar (22 April 1883 – 7 August 1974) was a noted Indian classical singer, belonging to the Bhendibazaar gharana of Hindustani classical music.

In 1958, she became the first woman to be awarded the Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship, the highest honour conferred by the Sangeet Natak Akademi, India's National Academy for Music, Dance and Drama.[1]

Acclaimed for her beauty in her youth, Malpekar was the muse of painters Raja Ravi Varma and M. V. Dhurandhar.

Early life and background

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Malpekar was born on 22 April 1883, in Malpe, Pernem in Goa, in music loving family that belonged to Goan Kalavant community.[2] Both her grandmother Gujabai and mother Nabubai were respected names in music circles.[3] At young age of 8, she started her musical training under the tutelage of Ustad Nazeer Khan of Bhendibazaar gharana.[4][5] The gharana had its origins in the much older Moradabad gharana, and was based in the Bhendi Bazaar area of Mumbai.[6]

Career

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"Mohini on a swing" or "Mohini" (1894 by Raja Ravi Varma).

Malpekar gave her debut performance at a concert in Mumbai in 1899, at the age of 16. In those days, women of "respectable families" never sang in public, while Malepakar went on to have a flourishing singing career, with both public and royal patronage. In time, she became the doyenne of the gharana.[4][7]

Besides her singing, she also got acclaim for her beauty. When painter M. V. Dhurandhar did an oil painting of her, another painter Raja Ravi Varma was inspired, and went to do a series of paintings with her as muse, including "Lady in the Moonlight", "Lady Playing Swarbat", "Mohini" and "The Heartbroken", She modelled for him during his stay in Mumbai in 1901 and 1903.[8][9] However this wasn't without its drawback, especially when singing in public concerts meant singing primarily to a male audience, this often led to harassment. Thus in 1904, she even developed fear of singing in public, and lost her voice, though she regained it after a year.[4]

Meanwhile, she married Seth Wasanji Ved. After a successful career as a singer, after the death of her Guru Ustad Nazeer Khan in 1920, she lost interest in concerts. Finally, after a last performance at Town Hall, Mumbai, she gave up her public singing career in 1923.[4][10] Thus at age 40, she decided to devote the rest of her years, to teaching music. In the coming decades, she taught some notable names in Indian classical music, including Kumar Gandharva who was her first disciple,[11] Kishori Amonkar,[11][12] Pandit T.D. Janorikar (1921–2006),[13] Begum Akhtar and Naina Devi.[4] By the 1960s, Bhendibazar gharana based in Mumbai, became famous all over India, with number of popular musicians, besides Aman Ali Khan, it had Jhande Khan, Mamman Khan, Shabbir and Amir Khan.[7]

In 1958, when for her contribution to music, she was awarded the Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship the highest honour conferred by Sangeet Natak Akademi, India's National Academy for Music, Dance and Drama, she became the first woman to receive the award.[1][14]

She died on 7 August 1974 in Bombay (now Mumbai), at the age of 91.[2][15]

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  • The Heartbroken by Raja Ravi Varma
    The Heartbroken by Raja Ravi Varma
  • Lady Playing Swarbat by Raja Ravi Varma
    Lady Playing Swarbat by Raja Ravi Varma
  • Ladies in the Moon Light by Raja Ravi Varma
    Ladies in the Moon Light by Raja Ravi Varma

References

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  1. ^ a b "SNA: List of Sangeet Natak Akademi Ratna Puraskarwinners (Akademi Fellows)". SNA Official website. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016.
  2. ^ a b Durga Das Pvt. Ltd (1985). Eminent Indians who was who, 1900–1980, also annual diary of events. Durga Das Pvt. Ltd. p. 13.
  3. ^ Mário Cabral e Sá (1997). Wind of fire: the music and musicians of Goa. Promilla & Co. pp. 163–164. ISBN 978-81-85002-19-4.
  4. ^ a b c d e "Anjanibai Malpekar". Women on Record. Retrieved 13 July 2013.
  5. ^ Mohan Nadkarni (1999). The great masters: profiles in Hindustani classical vocal music. HarperCollins Publishers India. pp. 127–129. ISBN 9788172232849.
  6. ^ Jeffrey Michael Grimes (2008). The Geography of Hindustani Music: The Influence of Region and Regionalism on the North Indian Classical Tradition. p. 160. ISBN 978-1-109-00342-0.
  7. ^ a b Jerry Pinto; Naresh Fernandes (2003). Bombay, Meri Jaan: Writings on Mumbai. Penguin Books India. p. 286. ISBN 978-0-14-302966-3.
  8. ^ Yashodhara Dalmia (15 March 2001). The making of modern Indian art: the progressives. Oxford University Press. p. 14. ISBN 978-0-19-565328-1.
  9. ^ C. Raja Raja Varma; Erwin Neumayer; Christine Schelberger (2005). Raja Ravi Varma Portrait of an Artist: The Diary of C. Raja Raja Varma. Oxford University Press India. p. 255. ISBN 978-0-19-565971-9.
  10. ^ Meera Kosambi (2000). Intersections: Socio-cultural Trends in Maharashtra. Orient Blackswan. p. 203. ISBN 978-81-250-1878-0.
  11. ^ a b Vāmana Harī Deśapāṇḍe (1989). Between Two Tanpuras. Popular Prakashan. p. 131. ISBN 978-0-86132-226-8.
  12. ^ Kumar, Kuldeep (28 March 201). "Class is permanent". The Hindu. Retrieved 6 August 2013.
  13. ^ "Pandit T.D.Janorikar passes away". ITC Sangeet Research Academy. Archived from the original on 3 May 2014.
  14. ^ Cultural Forum. p. 81.
  15. ^ "Oxford Reference: Anjanibāi Mālpekar". Oxford Encyclopaedia of the Music of India. Retrieved 6 August 2013.
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