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Ambrolauri Municipality

Coordinates: 42°31′18″N 43°08′54″E / 42.5217°N 43.1483°E / 42.5217; 43.1483
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Ambrolauri Municipality
ამბროლაურის მუნიციპალიტეტი
Shaori lake
Shaori lake
Flag of Ambrolauri Municipality
Flag
Official seal of Ambrolauri Municipality
Seal
Country Georgia
MkhareRacha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti
Administrative centreAmbrolauri
Government
 • TypeMayor–Council
 • BodyAmbrolauri Municipal Assembly
 • MayorZviadi Mkheidze (Georgian Dream)
Area
 • Total1,142 km2 (441 sq mi)
Population
 (2021)[1]
 • Total10,405
 • Density9.1/km2 (24/sq mi)
Population by ethnicity[2]
 • Georgians99.7 %
 • Russians0.1 %
Time zoneUTC+4 (Georgian Time)
Websiteambrolauri.gov.ge
Map

The Ambrolauri Municipality (Georgian: ამბროლაურის მუნიციპალიტეტი, Ambrolauris Munits'ipaliteti) is a self-governing subdivision in western Georgia. Its governing bodies are based in the city of Ambrolauri. Together with the neighboring municipalities Lentekhi, Oni, and Tsageri, the Ambrolauri Municipality forms the region of Racha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti. The municipality has an area of is 1142 km2,[3] and population of 10,405 (2021[1]).

Geography

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Ambrolauri is situated in the Greater Caucasus's southern slope zone and borders various subranges of the Caucasus. Its southern geographical boundary is the Racha Range while in the north it is limited by the Lechkhumi Range, where its highest mountains peaks are located. The municipality is crossed by the Rioni and its tributaries Krikhula, Znakura, Shareula, Lukhuni, Ritseula and Askistskali. Due to the mountainous character the agricultural land only occupies 240 km2 (21%) of the sparsely populated municipal territory. The municipality contains rich resources of arsenic and gypsum.

History

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Barakoni church

The municipality was created as a raion in 1930. Until then, its territory was part of Racha Uyezd in Kutaisi Governorate and between 1928 and 1930 of the short-lived Racha-Lechkhumi Uyezd when it became an independent district (raion). In 1951–1953, it was a part of the Kutaisi Okrug. With the creation of administrative regions in 1995, Ambrolauri became part of Racha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo. In 2006 the raion was transformed into a municipality.

Between 2014 and 2017 the city of Ambrolauri, like six others, was separated from the municipality and was a so-called "self-governed" city (or kalaki). In 2017 this decision was reverted and the city Ambrolauri, like six other cities, lost its self-governing status again when the central government deemed this reform too expensive and inefficient.[4]

Administrative divisions

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Municipal center Ambrolauri with Rioni River

The Ambrolauri Municipality is administratively divided into 18 communities (თემი, temi) with 69 villages (სოფელი, sopeli). There is one urban-type settlement (დაბა, daba) and one city (ქალაქი, kalaki).[5]

Population

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The population of Ambrolauri Municipality was 10,405 at the start of 2021,[1] which is a 7% decrease from the last census of 2014.[3]

According to the 2014 census, the ethnic composition is mono-ethnic Georgian (Rachvelian sub-group), apart from a few dozen residents of mixed origin.[2] The population consists of followers of the Georgian Orthodox Church.[6]

Population Ambrolauri Municipality
1897 1922 1926 1939 1959 1970 1979 1989 2002[7] 2014 2021
Ambrolauri Municipality - - - 38,191 Decrease 26,667 Decrease 24,128 Decrease 20,916 Decrease 17,065 Decrease 16,079 [3] Decrease 11,186 Decrease 10,405
Ambrolauri - - - 1,104 Increase 3,043 Decrease 2,317 Increase 2,639 Increase 2,933 Decrease 2,541 Decrease 2,047 Decrease 2,015
Kharistvala (daba) - - - - 827 Decrease 134 Decrease 65 Decrease 26 Decrease 4 Decrease 0 Steady 0
Data: Population statistics Georgia 1897 to present.[8][9][10] Note:[7]

Politics

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Khvanchkara is an Ambrolauri wine

Ambrolauri Municipal Assembly (Georgian: ამბროლაურის საკრებულო, Ambrolauri Sakrebulo) is a representative body in Ambrolauri Municipality, consisting of 30 members which are elected every four years. The last election was held in October 2021. Zviadi Mkheidze of Georgian Dream was elected mayor for a second term.

Party 2017[12] 2021[13] Current Municipal Assembly
  Georgian Dream 28 22                                          
  United National Movement 2 4        
  For Georgia 3      
  Lelo 1  
  Alliance of Patriots 1
  European Georgia 1
  Labour Party 1
  Free Georgia 1
Total 34 30  

Economy

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Agriculture, especially viticulture-viniculture and animal husbandry, is the main activity of the population. The culture of fruit is developing in the mountainous zones. The main industries are wine factories and cheese factories. The Khvanchkara wine is a key product from Ambrolauri, given the name of the village near Ambrolauri city. It is the only area in Georgia where this wine is allowed to be made.[14]

Transport

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Ossetian Military Road at Khidiskari

The municipality of Ambrolauri is well connected to the rest of Racha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti as well as to the rest of Georgia. Through the municipality passes the national route Sh16 (Kutaisi - Ambrolauri Oni - Mamison Pass) which follows the Rioni River upstream from Kutaisi and ends via Ambrolauri and Oni at the Mamison Pass on the Russian border. It is also known as the Ossetian Military Road, which was originally constructed in the 19th century as an alternative route from Russia to Georgia, in addition to the existing Georgian Military Road. Today the road ends at the de facto border with South Ossetia, shortly before the Mamison Pass and the Russian border.

The national route Sh17 connects the municipality with central Georgia via Tkibuli and the Ambrolauri Airport offers flights to Natakhtari Airfield, servicing the Tbilisi area. Since 1887, the nearest train station is in Tkibuli, the terminus of the railway line from Kutaisi.

Monuments

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See also

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References

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ambrolauri Municipality.
  1. ^ a b c "Population and Demography - Population by cities and boroughs (daba), as of 1 January". National Statistics Office of Georgia, Geostat. 2021-01-01. Retrieved 2022-03-29.
  2. ^ a b "Ethnic composition of Georgia 2014". Population Statistics Eastern Europe and former USSR. Retrieved 2022-03-29.
  3. ^ a b c Combined figures of the municipality of Ambrolauri Municipality and the city of Ambrolauri, which have been listed separatedly in the census of 2014.[5]
  4. ^ "Parliament Reduces Number of Self-Governing Cities". Civil Georgia. 2017-07-03. Retrieved 2022-02-09.
  5. ^ a b "Main Results of the 2014 Census (Publication)" (PDF). Census.ge, National Statistics Office of Georgia (Geostat) (in Georgian). 2016-04-28. pp. 207–213. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2020-02-13. Retrieved 2022-03-29.
  6. ^ "Religious composition of Georgia 2014". Population Statistics Eastern Europe and former USSR. Retrieved 2022-03-29.
  7. ^ a b The 2014 census found an inexplicable gap with the data from the national statistical office Geostat. UN-assisted research has found the 2002 census was inflated by about 8-9 percent. See,[11] "1. Introduction", Page 1.
  8. ^ "Population divisions of Georgia". Population Statistics Eastern Europe and former USSR. Retrieved 2022-03-29.
  9. ^ "Population cities & towns of Georgia". Population Statistics Eastern Europe and former USSR. Retrieved 2022-03-29.
  10. ^ "Ambrolauri district 1939". Ethno Kavkaz (in Russian). Retrieved 2022-03-29.
  11. ^ "Population Dynamics in Georgia - An Overview Based on the 2014 General Population Census Data" (PDF). National Statistics Office of Georgia, Geostat. 2017-11-29. Retrieved 2022-03-29.
  12. ^ "Protocol elected municipal council members and mayors 2017" (PDF) (in Georgian). CESKO Central Election Commission. pp. 49–51. Retrieved 2021-01-06.[permanent dead link]
  13. ^ "Protocol elected municipal council members and mayors 2021" (PDF) (in Georgian). CESKO Central Election Commission. pp. 61–63. Retrieved 2021-01-06.[permanent dead link]
  14. ^ "Culinary Backstreets on the Road: Khvanchkara Wine, Racha's Nectar". Culinary Backstreets. 2019-06-21. Retrieved 2022-03-29.

42°31′18″N 43°08′54″E / 42.5217°N 43.1483°E / 42.5217; 43.1483

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