Alfred Jost
Alfred Jost | |
|---|---|
| Born | 27 July 1916 |
| Died | 3 February 1991 |
| Nationality | French |
| Known for | anti-Müllerian hormone |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Endocrinology |
| Institutions | Collège de France |
Alfred Jost (1916–1991) was a French endocrinologist, and an early researcher in the field of fetal endocrinology.[1] He is known for his discovery of the Müllerian inhibitor, now called anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) or Müllerian inhibiting substance (MIS).[2] His research demonstrated how hormones affect the development of male and female sex characteristics.[3]
Career
[edit]Jost was a professor at the University of Paris, and was head of the Department of Comparative Physiology there in 1972.[4] Jost was known for applying surgical methods to fetal endocrinology. He also taught many pre-doctoral students.
Research
[edit]During the 1950s and 1960s Jost studied the mechanism of somatic sex differentiation;[5] his research showed that male characteristics must be imposed on the fetus by the testicular hormones testosterone and AMH,[6][5] and that in the absence or inactivity of these hormones, the fetus becomes phenotypically female.[7]
Jost also studied testicular differentiation, in collaboration with Solange Magre. He was the first to show that testicular organization is heralded by the development of pre-Sertoli cells, which progressively surround germ cells to form seminiferous tubules.
Death
[edit]He died February 3, 1991, at age 75,[8] having retired from the Collège de France, but still active as the Secrétaire Perpétuel of the French Academy of Sciences.
References
[edit]- ^ Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation. Karger. 1989. p. 168.
- ^ Martin Matzuk; Chester W. Brown; T. Rajendra Kumar (15 August 2001). Transgenics in Endocrinology. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 42–. ISBN 978-1-59259-102-2.
- ^ Lori Reed (1 February 2012). Governing the Female Body: Gender, Health, and Networks of Power. SUNY Press. pp. 277–. ISBN 978-1-4384-2954-0.
- ^ The Johns Hopkins Medical Journal. Johns Hopkins Press. 1972. pp. 37–38.
- ^ a b Jill B. Becker (2002). Behavioral Endocrinology. MIT Press. p. 77. ISBN 978-0-262-52321-9.
- ^ Michael Steven Kappy; David B. Allen (M.D.); Mitchell E. Geffner (2005). Principles and Practice of Pediatric Endocrinology. Charles C Thomas Publisher. p. 490. ISBN 978-0-398-07554-5.
- ^ Shlomo Melmed; Kenneth S. Polonsky; P. Reed Larsen; Henry Kronenberg (30 November 2015). Williams Textbook of Endocrinology. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 903. ISBN 978-0-323-29738-7.
- ^ C. Wayne Bardin (10 May 2014). Recent Progress in Hormone Research: Proceedings of the 1991 Laurentian Hormone Conference. Elsevier. p. 1. ISBN 978-1-4832-1968-4.
- Josso N (2008). "Professor Alfred Jost: the builder of modern sex differentiation". Sex Dev. 2 (2): 55–63. doi:10.1159/000129690. PMID 18577872. S2CID 26022942.
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- 1916 births
- 1991 deaths
- French endocrinologists
- French sexologists
- Members of the French Academy of Sciences
- Foreign associates of the National Academy of Sciences
- 20th-century French physicians
- Academic staff of the University of Paris
- Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
- French scientist stubs
- Biologist stubs