Aglaia argentea
| Aglaia argentea | |
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| Herbarium specimen | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Sapindales |
| Family: | Meliaceae |
| Genus: | Aglaia |
| Species: | A. argentea
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| Binomial name | |
| Aglaia argentea | |
| Synonyms[2] | |
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19 synonyms
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Aglaia argentea is a species of plants in the family Meliaceae. It is a tree found in Australia, Brunei, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, the Solomon Islands, and Thailand.
Description
[edit]Aglaia argentea is an evergreen tree up to 30 m (98 ft) tall, but may flower and fruit at about 4.5 m (15 ft).[3] It has a spiral leaf arrangement and pinnately compound leaves with leaflets that are elliptical or oblong. The leaves typically range in size from 17 to 112 cm (6.7 to 44.1 in) long and 14 to 75 cm (5.5 to 29.5 in) wide. It is a dioecious species, meaning that male and female flowers are borne on separate plants. The flowers on both are similar, having 5 petals each.[4] The male flowers have 5 stamens and the female flowers have superior ovaries. The fruit are about 30 to 35 mm (1.2 to 1.4 in) diameter, oval and fleshy, and contain one to three seeds.[5] The flowers have a complex inflorescence that can grow up to 60 cm (24 in) long and wide, with radial symmetry.[4]
Taxonomy
[edit]It was first described in 1825 by German-Dutch botanist Carl Ludwig Blume in his book Bijdragen tot de flora van Nederlandsch Indië.[6]
Ecology
[edit]This species is found in well-developed rainforests and other humid lowland areas. It grows in wet tropical areas of east Asia, Australia, and some of the Pacific islands. It thrives on full sunlight and moderate amounts of water.[4] It is also successful on many different soil types, such as: basalt, clay, coral sand, granite, limestone and sandstone. It is pollinated by insects and the seeds are commonly dispersed by birds that eat the fruit.[5]
Cultivation and Uses
[edit]The tree produces edible fruits that are often cultivated and eaten without the seeds in East Asia and some of the Pacific islands. The bark of the tree has steroids that were isolated to use as cytotoxins to help with some forms of cancer such as leukaemia.[7] A. argentea is also known for a naturally occurring chemical called rocaglamide which contains properties that are useful as insecticides, antifungals, and antibacterial applications.[8] In addition to the antibacterial properties, rocaglamide is also helpful with leukaemia much like the steroids mentioned before. Its timber is commonly used as a substitute for mahogany and it is also a great coloniser when regenerating forests and wildlife in areas where rainforests have been destroyed in the past.[5][9]
Common names
[edit]Common names include silver boodyara, bekak, or koping-koping. It is also locally known as iloilo in the Western Visayas in the Philippines. The city of Iloilo (and the Iloilo province) is named after the tree.[10]
Gallery
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Foliage -
Trunk -
Fruit
References
[edit]- ^ Oldfield, S. (2023). "Aglaia argentea". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2023: e.T30537A212021155. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2023-1.RLTS.T30537A212021155.en. Retrieved 15 January 2025.
- ^ a b "Aglaia argentea Blume". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2025. Retrieved 15 January 2025.
- ^ "Aglaia argentea". Flora Malesiana. Retrieved 15 January 2025.
- ^ a b c "Aglaia Blume". Flora and Fauna Web. Singapore Government. Retrieved 15 January 2025.
- ^ a b c Fern, K. "Aglaia argentea". Useful Tropical Plants. Retrieved 15 January 2025.
- ^ Blume, C.L. (1825). Bijdragen tot de flora van Nederlandsch Indië. Batavia: Ter Lands Drukkerij.
- ^ Farabi, Kindi; Harneti, Desi; Nurlelasari, Nurlelasari; Maharani, Rani; Hidayat, Ace Tatang; Supratman, Unang; Awang, Khalijah; Shiono, Yoshihito (2017). "Cytotoxic Steroids from the Bark of Aglaia argentea (Meliaceae)". Chiang Mai University Journal of Natural Sciences. 16 (4). doi:10.12982/CMUJNS.2017.0024.
- ^ Satasook, C.; Isman, M.B.; Ishibashi, F.; Medbury, S.; Wiriyachitra, P.; Towers, G.H.N. (1994). "Insecticidal bioactivity of crude extracts of Aglaia species (Meliaceae)". Biochemical Systematics and Ecology. 22 (2): 121–127. Bibcode:1994BioSE..22..121S. doi:10.1016/0305-1978(94)90002-7.
- ^ Khaopakro, S.; Vajrodaya, S.; Siripatanadilok, S.; Kermanee, P. (2015). "Wood anatomical survey and wood specific gravity of 13 species of Aglaia (Meliaceae) from Thailand". Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) (43): 87–103.
- ^ Merrill, Elmer Drew (1903). A Dictionary of the Plant Names of the Philippine Islands. Manila: Bureau of Public Print. p. 8.