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Agawam, Massachusetts

Coordinates: 42°04′10″N 72°36′55″W / 42.06944°N 72.61528°W / 42.06944; -72.61528
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Agawam, Massachusetts
City
Town of Agawam[*]
Capt. Charles Leonard's house
Capt. Charles Leonard's house
Flag of Agawam, Massachusetts
Flag
Official seal of Agawam, Massachusetts
Seal
Location in Hampden County in Massachusetts
Location in Hampden County in Massachusetts
Agawam, Massachusetts is located in Massachusetts
Agawam, Massachusetts
Agawam, Massachusetts
Location in Massachusetts
Agawam, Massachusetts is located in the United States
Agawam, Massachusetts
Agawam, Massachusetts
Agawam, Massachusetts (the United States)
Agawam, Massachusetts is located in North America
Agawam, Massachusetts
Agawam, Massachusetts
Agawam, Massachusetts (North America)
Coordinates: 42°04′10″N 72°36′55″W / 42.06944°N 72.61528°W / 42.06944; -72.61528
CountryUnited States
StateMassachusetts
CountyHampden
SettledMay 15, 1636
Incorporated (town)May 17, 1855
Incorporated (city)January 1, 1973
Government
 • TypeMayor-council city
 • MayorChristopher Johnson
Area
[1]
 • Total
24.34 sq mi (63.03 km2)
 • Land23.32 sq mi (60.40 km2)
 • Water1.01 sq mi (2.62 km2)
Elevation
90 ft (27 m)
Population
 (2020)
 • Total
28,692
 • Density1,230.25/sq mi (475.01/km2)
Time zoneUTC−5 (Eastern)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−4 (Eastern)
ZIP code
01001
Area code413
FIPS code25-00840
GNIS feature ID0608970
Websitewww.agawam.ma.us

Agawam is a city[2] in Hampden County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 28,692 at the 2020 census.[3] Agawam sits on the western side of the Connecticut River, directly across from Springfield. It is considered part of the Springfield Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is contiguous with the Knowledge Corridor area, the second-largest metropolitan area in New England. Agawam contains a subsection, Feeding Hills. The Six Flags New England amusement park is located in Agawam, on the banks of the Connecticut River.

Agawam's ZIP code, 01001, is the lowest in the contiguous United States.

Etymology

[edit]

The Native American village originally sited on the west bank of the Connecticut River was known as Agawam, or Agawanus, Aggawom, Agawom, Onkowam, Igwam, and Auguam. It is variously speculated to mean "unloading place" and "fishcuring place", perhaps in reference to fish at Agawam Falls being unloaded from canoes for curing on the flats at the mouth of the Westfield River.[4]

Ipswich, Massachusetts, was also known as Agawam during much of the 17th century, after the English name for the Agawam tribe of Massachusetts, who were indigenous inhabitants of the area.[5]

History

[edit]

On May 15, 1636, William Pynchon purchased land on both sides of the Connecticut River from the local Pocomtuc Indians known as Agawam, which included present-day Springfield, Chicopee, Longmeadow, and West Springfield, Massachusetts. The purchase price for the Agawam portion was 10 coats, 10 hoes, 10 hatchets, 10 knives, and 10 fathoms of wampum. Agawam and West Springfield separated from Springfield to become the parish of West Springfield in 1757; Agawam and West Springfield split in 1800. Agawam incorporated as a town on May 17, 1855.

In 1771, John Porter moved to Agawam and founded a gin distillery nine years later. After he died, his grandson, Harry, continued to work the business as the H. Porter Distilling Company. The plant was sold in 1917, and during Prohibition, the main products produced in the building were potato chips and cider. After the Volstead Act was repealed, the mill began producing gin again but closed permanently in 1938. The building, on Main Street near River Road, served as Agawam's Department of Public Works garage until it fell into disrepair.

Agawam furnished 172 men who fought in the American Civil War, 22 of whom died in battle or of disease.

The original town hall, built in 1874 at the corner of Main and School Streets, housed the town government divisions as the current one does today, as well as the original town library located in the building's Tower Room. A small school building was located near the premises and held grades one through three. The building was demolished in 1938, and the property is now the site of Benjamin Phelps Elementary School.[4]

The Feeding Hills town hall, built in 1906, was almost identical to the Agawam town hall and was located at the corner of Springfield and South Westfield Streets. The building was demolished in 1950, and the Clifford M. Granger Elementary School opened in 1946 now occupies that land.[4]

May 29, 1930, and June 1, 1931, saw "grand openings" of Bowles Agawam Airport with the latter date including a visit from 100 biplanes of the United States Army Air Corps Eastern Air Arm.[6] A scheduled air service operated out of Bowles for approximately one year, before ending. The airport continued to operate as a civil airport until 1982. A pari-mutuel horse racing track, including grandstand and stables, was built adjacent to Bowles Airport. Seabiscuit won the Springfield Handicap at Agawam in track record time in October 1935.[7] The racetrack operated until pari-mutuel betting was outlawed by referendum in Hampden County in November 1938.[6] The airport also had plans in the early 1960s to become a commercial airport and host airlines for the city of Springfield, but plans were shelved. The airport and racetrack were demolished in the late 1980s and the area is now an industrial park.[4][6]

Geography

[edit]
View from Provin Mountain, the highest point in Agawam.

Agawam is located at 42°4′19″N 72°38′39″W / 42.07194°N 72.64417°W / 42.07194; -72.64417 (42.071961, –72.644097).[8] The city borders West Springfield, Massachusetts, to the north, Southwick, Massachusetts, to the west, Longmeadow, Massachusetts, to the east, Springfield, Massachusetts, to the northeast, and Suffield, Connecticut, to the south. Westfield, Massachusetts, also borders to the northwest.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 24.2 square miles (63 km2) of which 23.2 square miles (60 km2) is land and 1 square mile (3 km2) (4.09%) is water.

The highest point in Agawam is the 640-foot (195 m)-tall Provin Mountain, a ridge that, along with the southern part of East Mountain, forms the western boundary of the city. Both are traversed by the Metacomet-Monadnock Trail and are part of the Metacomet Ridge, a mountainous trap rock ridgeline that stretches from Long Island Sound to nearly the Vermont border.

Agawam has a subsection known as Feeding Hills that runs along the border of Southwick and Westfield, Massachusetts, and Suffield, Connecticut. Its border with Agawam was mainly determined by Line Street, and its ZIP code is 01030.

Demographics

[edit]
Historical population
YearPop.±%
18601,698—    
18702,001+17.8%
18802,216+10.7%
18902,352+6.1%
19002,536+7.8%
19103,501+38.1%
19205,023+43.5%
19307,095+41.3%
19407,842+10.5%
195010,166+29.6%
196015,718+54.6%
197021,717+38.2%
198026,271+21.0%
199027,323+4.0%
200028,144+3.0%
201028,438+1.0%
202028,692+0.9%
2022*28,393−1.0%
* = population estimate. Source: United States Census records and Population Estimates Program data.[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]
Source:
U.S. Decennial Census[19]

As of the census[20] of 2010, there were 28,144 people, 11,260 households, and 7,462 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,210.9 inhabitants per square mile (467.5/km2). There were 11,659 housing units at an average density of 501.6 per square mile (193.7/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 96.71% White, 0.91% African American, 0.17% Native American, 0.98% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.43% from other races, and 0.80% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.83% of the population.

There were 11,260 households, out of which 28.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.4% were married couples living together, 9.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.7% were non-families. 28.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.43 and the average family size was 3.01.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 22.1% under the age of 18, 6.5% from 18 to 24, 29.7% from 25 to 44, 25.1% from 45 to 64, and 16.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.9 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $49,390, and the median income for a family was $59,088. Males had a median income of $40,924 versus $30,428 for females. The per capita income for the city was $22,562. About 4.3% of families and 5.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.7% of those under age 18 and 7.5% of those age 65 or over.[21]

Government

[edit]
Agawam town hall

Agawam is one of thirteen Massachusetts municipalities that have applied for, and been granted, city forms of government but wish to retain "The town of" in their official names.[22] Agawam adopted a city form of government effective January 1, 1973, comprising a 15-member city council and a town manager. Since May 1989 a mayor is the elected leader of the city. The current city council consists of eleven members elected at large by the voters and is the legislative branch of the town government.

The current mayor of Agawam is Christopher Johnson.[23]

On the state level, Agawam is represented in the Massachusetts Senate by John Velis, and in the Massachusetts House of Representatives by Nicholas Boldyga. Agawam is located in the Eighth Massachusetts Governor's Council district and is represented by Tara Jacobs.[24] On the federal level, Agawam is part of Massachusetts's 1st congressional district, represented by Richard Neal; it is represented in the United States Senate by Ed Markey and Elizabeth Warren.

Voter Registration and Party Enrollment as of October 15, 2008[25]
Party Number of Voters Percentage
Democratic 6,259 30.88%
Republican 3,161 15.60%
Unaffiliated 10,697 52.78%
Libertarian 152 0.75%
Total 20,269 100%

Law enforcement

[edit]

The Agawam Police Department has about fifty full-time sworn law enforcement officers and about eight support personnel. The department is responsible for law enforcement at the Six Flags New England amusement park and the Feeding Hills district.[26]

On May 5, 2012, an Agawam officer shot a woman in the face when she answered her door. The city settled with her for $20,000.[27]

In early January 2017, the head of the Agawam Police Patrolman's Association was indicted on charges relating to stealing from the group.[28]

In mid-January 2017, three police officers were fired for beating a prisoner. The attack was caught on video which was released to the public. The officers are appealing their termination. Two of the officers returned to work following two years on paid administrative leave.[29]

FBI crime statistics show the city enjoys a lower-than-average crime rate.[30]

Historical commercial operations

[edit]

1801 – E. Porter Peppermint distillery, later to become the "Agawam Gin" distillery.

1810 – A cotton mill was erected on the site of present-day Six Flags New England.

1812 – Agawam Woolen Mill was established on Elm Street. After a fire, the building was rebuilt in brick in 1889 and still exists. The Agawam Woolen Company folded in 1949.

Six Flags New England, formerly Riverside Amusement Park, began as a picnic grove as early as 1840. It became a full-fledged amusement park in 1940. Riverside Park Speedway, a NASCAR racing track, was part of Riverside park from 1948 to 2000. Riverside was sold to Six Flags in 1996.

1952 – Stacy Machine Co, came to a new plant located on Main St, is best known for producing specialized printing presses. Later known as Kidder-Stacy, the plant closed in the 1990s, but the Main St plant still stands.

1953 – WWLP an NBC affiliate television station began operation with studios and transmitting facilities on Provin Mountain in Feeding Hills.

Library

[edit]

The Agawam Free Public Library was established in 1891.[31][32] The first libraries were rooms in the Agawam and Feeding Hills town halls and the Mittenague School in North Agawam. After a 1904 fire destroyed the Mittenague School and all the books in it, Fred P. Halladay donated land and buildings in North Agawam to use as a library. In 1925, Minerva Porter Davis donated a building in Agawam Center to serve as the library in that section of town, replacing the Agawam Town Hall rooms.[33] The Feeding Hills branch moved to a building across the street from the Feeding Hills town hall when that structure was removed to make way for Granger school. In 1978 the libraries were consolidated in a new building adjacent to the High School on Cooper St.

In fiscal year 2008, the city of Agawam spent 1.39% ($923,113) of its budget on its public library—some $32 per person.[34]

Education

[edit]
  • Benjamin J. Phelps Elementary School: (K–4)
  • Clifford M. Granger Elementary School: (K–4)
  • James Clark Elementary School: (K–4)[35]
  • Robinson Park Elementary School: (K–4)[36]
  • Roberta G. Doering Middle School: (5–6)
  • Agawam Junior High School: (7–8)
  • Agawam High School: (9–12)

Points of interest

[edit]
Anne Sullivan Memorial, Feeding Hills, MA
  • The Agawam Historical Association operates the Agawam Historical and Fire House Museum at 35 Elm Street and the historic Thomas Smith House at 251 North West Street in Feeding Hills.
  • Anne Sullivan Memorial – marker and statue dedicated to Helen Keller's tutor, born in Feeding Hills. The memorial is on the corner of Springfield and South Westfield Streets.
  • The Massachusetts Veteran's Memorial Cemetery is located off Main Street.[37]
  • A series of plaques with the names of Agawam citizens who died in the Vietnam War, World War II, World War I, the Revolutionary War, or the Spanish–American War is displayed at Benjamin J. Phelps Elementary School.
  • The 110 mile Metacomet-Monadnock Trail (a hiking trail) traverses the ridgeline of Provin Mountain in western Agawam.
  • Robinson State Park, a narrow, urban 852-acre (3.45 km2) park, has its entrance on North St.
  • Six Flags New England, the largest amusement park in New England, is located in Agawam.

Notable people

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved May 21, 2022.
  2. ^ Although it is called the "Town of Agawam," it is a statutory city of Massachusetts. See Office of the Secretary of the Commonwealth.
  3. ^ "Census - Geography Profile: Agawam Town city, Hampden County, Massachusetts". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
  4. ^ a b c d Agawam Centennial Committee (June 1955). Agawam, Massachusetts Over the Span of a Century. Agawam Centennial Committee. pp. 9–11.
  5. ^ Temprano, Victor. "Welcome". Native-Land.ca. Retrieved July 30, 2022.
  6. ^ a b c Freeman, Paul (December 24, 2014)."Abandoned & Little-Known Airfields: Western Massachusetts, Bowles Agawam Airfield" Accessed June 11, 2015.
  7. ^ "Seabiscuit, 1938 Horse of the Year" Archived February 17, 2007, at the Wayback Machine. www.spiletta.com. Accessed June 11, 2015.
  8. ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. February 12, 2011. Retrieved April 23, 2011.
  9. ^ "TOTAL POPULATION (P1), 2010 Census Summary File 1, All County Subdivisions within Massachusetts". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 12, 2020. Retrieved September 13, 2011.
  10. ^ "Massachusetts by Place and County Subdivision – GCT-T1. Population Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on January 6, 2012. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  11. ^ "1990 Census of Population, General Population Characteristics: Massachusetts" (PDF). US Census Bureau. December 1990. Table 76: General Characteristics of Persons, Households, and Families: 1990. 1990 CP-1-23. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 7, 2013. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  12. ^ "1980 Census of the Population, Number of Inhabitants: Massachusetts" (PDF). US Census Bureau. December 1981. Table 4. Populations of County Subdivisions: 1960 to 1980. PC80-1-A23. Archived from the original on August 5, 2010. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  13. ^ "1950 Census of Population" (PDF). 1: Number of Inhabitants. Bureau of the Census. 1952. Section 6, Pages 21-10 and 21-11, Massachusetts Table 6. Population of Counties by Minor Civil Divisions: 1930 to 1950. Retrieved July 12, 2011. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  14. ^ "1920 Census of Population" (PDF). Bureau of the Census. Number of Inhabitants, by Counties and Minor Civil Divisions. Pages 21-5 through 21-7. Massachusetts Table 2. Population of Counties by Minor Civil Divisions: 1920, 1910, and 1920. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  15. ^ "1890 Census of the Population" (PDF). Department of the Interior, Census Office. Pages 179 through 182. Massachusetts Table 5. Population of States and Territories by Minor Civil Divisions: 1880 and 1890. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  16. ^ "1870 Census of the Population" (PDF). Department of the Interior, Census Office. 1872. Pages 217 through 220. Table IX. Population of Minor Civil Divisions, &c. Massachusetts. Archived from the original on August 8, 2010. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  17. ^ "1860 Census" (PDF). Department of the Interior, Census Office. 1864. Pages 220 through 226. State of Massachusetts Table No. 3. Populations of Cities, Towns, &c. Archived from the original on August 8, 2010. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  18. ^ "City and Town Population Totals: 2020−2022". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved November 24, 2023.
  19. ^ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
  20. ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  21. ^ "Massachusetts DHCD" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on February 21, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007.
  22. ^ "CIS: Massachusetts City and Town Incorporation and Settlement Dates".
  23. ^ "Office of the Mayor". The Town of Agawam. Retrieved January 2, 2024.
  24. ^ "Councillors". Retrieved September 23, 2023.
  25. ^ "Registration and Party Enrollment Statistics as of October 15, 2008" (PDF). Massachusetts Elections Division. Retrieved May 8, 2010.
  26. ^ "Police Department | Agawam, MA". www.agawam.ma.us. Retrieved December 12, 2021.
  27. ^ Newberry, Laura (October 16, 2015). "Woman shot in face by Agawam police gets $20K in town settlement". Mass Live. Retrieved January 16, 2017.
  28. ^ Berry, Conor (January 2, 2017). "Agawam Police Chief Eric Gillis says indictment of Officer Gary Nardi reflects badly on department". Mass Live. Retrieved January 16, 2017.
  29. ^ Barry, Stephanie (January 12, 2017). "Report on controversial Agawam arrest finds excessive force, untruthfulness and 'incompetence'". Mass Live. Retrieved January 16, 2017.
  30. ^ Berry, Conor (October 4, 2016). "FBI data: Violent crime rises in Agawam, but still below national average". Mass Live. Retrieved January 16, 2017.
  31. ^ Report of the Free Public Library Commission of Massachusetts. v.9 (1899)
  32. ^ "Agawam Public Library". agawamlibrary.org. Retrieved November 9, 2010.
  33. ^ Agawam Centennial Committee (June 1955). Agawam, Massachusetts Over the Span of a Century. Agawam Centennial Committee. pp. 16–17.
  34. ^ July 1, 2007, through June 30, 2008; cf. The FY2008 Municipal Pie: What's Your Share? Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Board of Library Commissioners. Boston: 2009. Available: Municipal Pie Reports Archived January 23, 2012, at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved August 4, 2010
  35. ^ "About Our School :: James Clark Elementary". Retrieved November 17, 2019
  36. ^ "Agawam celebrates 50th anniversary of Robinson Park Elementary School". Retrieved November 17, 2019
  37. ^ "Home". memorialpath.org.
  38. ^ Wilson, George C. (September 5, 1974). "Creighton Abrams: From Agawam to Chief of Staff". Washington Post. Section D, p. 4. Archived from the original on October 1, 2007.
  39. ^ "Perkins – Anne Sullivan". Perkins School. Archived from the original on November 7, 2014. Retrieved July 4, 2014.
[edit]
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Agawam.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Agawam, Massachusetts.
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