Absalom Boston
Absalom Boston | |
|---|---|
 Absalom Boston | |
| Born | c. 1785 |
| Died | 1855 Nantucket, Massachusetts, USA |
| Occupation(s) | Mariner, entrepreneur, civic leader |
Absalom Boston (c. 1785–1855) was a United States mariner who was the first African-American captain to sail a whaling ship, with an all-black crew, in 1822.[1]
Biography
[edit]Absalom Boston was born in Nantucket, Massachusetts, to Seneca Boston, an African-American ex-slave father, and Thankful Micah, a Wampanoag Indian mother.[2] His uncle,[3] a slave named Prince Boston, was part of the crew of a 1770 whaling voyage, but refused to turn over his earnings to his white master. Instead, he went to court and won both his earnings and freedom, making him the first black slave to win his freedom in a U.S. jury trial.[4]
Boston spent his early years working in the whaling industry. By the time he reached 20, he acquired enough money to purchase property in Nantucket. Ten years later, he obtained a license to open and operate a public inn.[2]
In 1822, Boston became the captain of the Industry, a whaleship manned entirely with an African-American crew. The six-month journey returned with 70 barrels of whale oil and the entire crew intact.[5]
Boston retired from the sea after the Industry returned to Nantucket from its historic voyage. He concentrated on becoming a business and community leader, and also ran for public office.[5] Together with fellow captain, Edward Pompey, he led the Nantucket abolitionist movement. He was also a founding trustee of Nantucket's African Baptist Society,[2] and the African Meeting House in Nantucket.[4] In 1845, after his daughter Phebe Ann Boston was barred from attending a public school, he successfully brought a lawsuit against the Nantucket municipal government to integrate the public education system.[1][2]
References
[edit]- ^ a b Robert Gambee and Elizabeth Heard (2001). Nantucket Impressions. Robert Gambee. pp. 206–207. ISBN 0-393-01010-4. Retrieved 2009-11-23.
- ^ a b c d Johnson, Robert (Spring 2002). "Black-White Relations on Nantucket". Historic Nantucket. Retrieved 2009-11-23.
- ^ Finkelman, P. (2006). Encyclopedia of African American History, 1619-1895: From the Colonial Period to the Age of Frederick Douglass Three-volume Set. Oxford University Press, USA. pp. 1–417. ISBN 9780195167771. Retrieved 2015-04-01.
- ^ a b Bill Delahunt, remarks made during "The Role of Civil Rights Organizations in History", February 11, 1997, Congressional Record Volume 143, U.S. Government Printing Office.
- ^ a b "Whaling Museum and Peter Foulger Museum". Museum of African American History. Retrieved 2009-11-23.
- 1780s births
- 1855 deaths
- African-American businesspeople
- American people in whaling
- Sea captains
- People from Nantucket, Massachusetts
- 19th-century American businesspeople
- Wampanoag people
- African-American abolitionists
- Abolitionists from Massachusetts
- Businesspeople from Massachusetts
- Native American people from Massachusetts
- 19th-century Native Americans