AIADMK-led Alliance

AIADMK-led Alliance
AIADMK-led Alliance
Abbreviation	AIADMK+
Chairman	Edappadi K. Palaniswami
Founder	M. G. Ramachandran
Founded	1977
Ideology	Big tent; Factions:; Populism; Socialism; Secularism; Progressivism; Social equality; Tamil nationalism; Social democracy
Political position	Centre to Centre-left
Colours	Green
Seats in Lok Sabha	0 / 543
Seats in Rajya Sabha	3 / 245
Seats in Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly	62 / 234
Seats in Puducherry Legislative Assembly	0 / 30
Number of states and union territories in government	0 / 31
	Politics of India; Political parties; Elections;

The AIADMK-led Alliance (abbr. AIADMK+) is an Indian regional political party alliance in the state of Tamil Nadu and the union territory of Puducherry led by the Dravidian party All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam founded by the former chief minister of Tamil Nadu M. G. Ramachandran (M.G.R.).

History

Dr. M.G. Ramachandran
Founder of an alliance

AIADMK founder M. G. Ramachandran formed the alliance, consisting of the Indian National Congress (INC) and the Communist Party of India (CPI), and faced the party's first ever general election post-emergency in 1977. Though that election resulted in a heavy defeat for the Prime Minister of India Indira Gandhi-led Indian National Congress at the national level, the AIADMK-INC Alliance swept Tamil Nadu by winning 34 out of 39 Lok Sabha seats in the state. The Janata Party won the election at the center. After the election, the AIADMK ended up supporting the Janata Party under Morarji Desai. In 1979, AIADMK continued to support the Janata Party by supporting the Charan Singh government, which resulted in the appointment of two AIADMK cabinet members, making it the first time a non-congress Dravidian party member and the regional party member made it to the council of ministers at the national level.^[5]

AIADMK won the 1977 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election with its allies, defeating its rival Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK), and M. G. Ramachandran (M.G.R.) was sworn in as the third chief minister of Tamil Nadu.

In the 1980 Indian general election, the AIADMK and Janata Party alliance faced an upset defeat at the hands of the INC and DMK alliance, winning only 2 seats in Tamil Nadu.^[6] The INC and DMK alliance won 37 out of 39 seats in that election, which emboldened their alliance and made them think that people lost their faith in the M.G.R.-led government in the state. Under DMK's pressure, the AIADMK ministry and the Tamil Nadu legislative assembly were dismissed by the Indira Gandhi-led government on grounds of civil disorder due to farmers protests for electricity subsidies. The Tamil Nadu legislative assembly election was held in 1980, in which the AIADMK and its allies, the AIFB, CPI, CPI(M), and GKNC won 162 seats, and again M.G.R. was sworn in as chief minister of Tamil Nadu for the second time. After this election, INC came close to the AIADMK.^[7]

In the wake of Chief Minister MGR's hospitalization in New York City and subsequent Assassination of Indira Gandhi, newly assumed Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi felt that his Government required a fresh mandate from the people, and dissolved the Lok Sabha a year before its actual end of term, for fresh general elections. At the same time, AIADMK recommended dissolution of Tamil Nadu State Assembly a year ahead of end of term, to use the sympathy wave of Congress due to Indira's death and M.G.R's illness. Congress(I) and AIADMK formed an alliance and contested both general elections to Lok Sabha and Tamil Nadu Assembly in 1984. The allocation of seats were done what was later dubbed, "The M.G.R formula". Where the regional party would contest 70% of the assembly seats and the national party would be given 70% of the Lok Sabha seats. The result was a landslide victory for INC and its ally AIADMK, winning 37 out of 39 Lok Sabha seats in the state and 195 seats in Tamil Nadu Assembly. M. G. Ramachandran (M.G.R) was sworn in as Chief Minister, for the third time. After the death of M. G. Ramachandran (M.G.R) in December 1987, The AIADMK split into two factions, one led by Janaki and the other by J. Jayalalithaa. Janaki briefly served as the chief minister and her government was dismissed by prime minister Rajiv Gandhi on 30 January 1988 citing the disruptions in the assembly. After a year of President's rule, Both the AIADMK factions contested with different alliances with separate symbols as the election commission froze the "two leaves" symbol of the AIADMK to them for 1989 assembly election. Congress contested the elections alone without allying with either factions and Rajiv Gandhi campaigned extensively making multiple campaign visits to Tamil Nadu. Due to its split, the AIADMK suffered heavily in the election, with the Janaki and Jayalalithaa factions winning only 2 and 27 seats, respectively. Following the AIADMK's rout in the election, the factions led by Jayalalithaa and Janaki merged under Jayalalithaa's leadership on 7 February 1989, as Janaki decided to quit politics as it was not her forte. On 8 February 1989, the Two Leaves symbol was granted to the united AIADMK led by Jayalalithaa.^[8] AIADMK and Congress again allied in mid 1989. This marks the start of the dominance of INC-AIADMK, for the next decade winning 38 seats in 1989 Lok Sabha election and all 39 seats in 1991 Lok Sabha election.^[7]^[9] In the wake of Rajiv Gandhi Assassination during the election campaign in Tamil Nadu, Democratic Progressive Alliance of AIADMK - Congress swept the state in both the Tamil Nadu assembly and Lok Sabha elections in 1991. AIADMK General Secretary J. Jayalalithaa sworn in as the chief minister for the first time.^[10] AIADMK - Congress Alliance routed in 1996 assembly election and Lok Sabha polls.

In the 1998 Indian general election, the AIADMK revived its electoral fortunes when it formed an alliance with the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (MDMK), and the alliance won 30 seats out of 39 in Tamil Nadu. In the Atal Bihari Vajpayee-led government between 1998 and 1999, the AIADMK shared power with the BJP but withdrew its support of the 18 elected Lok Sabha MPs in early 1999, causing the BJP government to fall.

Following this, the AIADMK once again allied with the INC in the 1999 general election, and the alliance won 13 seats out of 39 in Tamil Nadu. In the 2001 assembly election, the AIADMK-led Secular Democratic Progressive Alliance, consisting of the Indian National Congress, the Tamil Maanila Congress (Moopanar) (TMC(M)), the Left Front, and the Pattali Makkal Katchi (PMK), regained power, winning 197 seats to the AIADMK's 132. Jayalalithaa sworn in as the chief minister for the second time.^[11] In 2004 Lok Sabha general election, AIADMK led National Democratic Alliance consisting of BJP, won none of the 39 Lok Sabha seats from the state. In 2006 assembly election, in spite of media speculations of a hung assembly, the AIADMK led Democratic People Alliance, contesting with only the support of the MDMK, VCK and few other smaller parties, won 61 seats compared to the DMK's 96. The AIADMK's electoral reversals continued in the 2009 general election. However, the party's performance was better than its debacle in 2004, and the AIADMK-led Third Front consisting of PMK, MDMK and left parties managed to win 12 seats, with the AIADMK winning 9 seats.

In the 2011 assembly election, AIADMK led alliance with parties like the left and actor-turned-politician Vijayakant's Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam (DMDK), swept the polls, winning 203 seats, with the AIADMK winning 150. Jayalalithaa was sworn in as chief minister for the fourth time. In the union territory of Puducherry, the AIADMK allied with N. Rangasamy's All India N.R. Congress (AINRC) and won the 2011 assembly election, which was held in parallel with the Tamil Nadu assembly election. Rangasamy, on the other hand, formed the government without consulting the AIADMK and refused to share power with the pre-election alliance partner. So Jayalalithaa accused him of betraying the coalition.

The AIADMK's good electoral performance continued in the 2014 general election as well. It opted not to join any alliance and contested all seats in the state of Tamil Nadu and the union territory of Puducherry on its own. The party won an unprecedented 37 out of the 40 parliamentary constituencies it contested and emerged as the third largest party in the 16th Lok Sabha of the Indian Parliament. It was a massive victory that no other regional political party had ever achieved in the history of general elections. In the 2016 assembly election, running without allies, she swept the polls, winning 135 out of 234 seats. It was the most audacious decision made by her for the spectacular victory that no other political leader had ever made in the history of Tamil Nadu. On 23 May 2016, Jayalalithaa was sworn in as chief minister for the sixth time. After Jayalalithaa's death on 5 December 2016, AIADMK had gone through a sea changes, from accepting Sasikala as acting general secretary, Party Split, Merger of OPS and EPS factions, Sasikala's expulsion to Introduction of dual Leadership in the party.

In the 2019 Lok Sabha election, AIADMK led by then Tamil Nadu Chief Minister Edappadi K. Palaniswami and Deputy Chief Minister O. Panneerselvam as Coordinators, in alliance with the BJP again, won only one of the 39 Lok Sabha seats from the state and lost to the DMK led Secular Progressive Alliance. Later, in the 2021 assembly election, the AIADMK-led National Democratic Alliance, consisting of the PMK, BJP, and a few other smaller parties, won 75 seats compared to the 159 seats won by the DMK alliance and was pushed out of power by the DMK after a decade. The AIADMK emerged as the main party of the opposition in the assembly by winning 66 seats. During the period of 2022-23, The AIADMK again undergone many changes like abolition of dual leadership^[12] and the election of Edappadi K. Palaniswami as its General Secretary.^[13]^[14] Following the tensions with the BJP, The AIADMK left the National Democratic Alliance, by snapping ties with the BJP and It was officially announced on 25 September 2023. AIADMK to form and lead the new alliance headed by the General secretary Palaniswami to face the 2024 Indian general election and TN Assembly election in the state.^[15]^[16]^[17]

In the 2024 general election, the AIADMK-led Alliance consisting of Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam (DMDK), Puthiya Tamilagam (PT), and the Social Democratic Party of India (SDPI) contested in the state of Tamil Nadu and the union territories of Puducherry and Andaman and Nicobar Islands for the 18th Lok Sabha polls. In the alliance, the AIADMK contested 36 constituencies and the DMDK contested five constituencies. The alliance lost in all the constituencies it contested, and the Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance swept the election in Tamil Nadu and Puducherry.^[18]

Electoral performance in Indian general elections

Lok Sabha Elections
Year	Lok Sabha	Alliance parties	Seats contested	Seats won	Change in seats	Percentage of votes	Vote swing	Popular vote	Outcome
1977	6th	AIADMK, CPI, INC, and IUML	40	35 / 542	35	5.56%		10,497,750	Alliance Broken
1980	7th	AIADMK, CPI, CPI(M), and JP	40	2 / 529	33	3.77%	1.79%	7,458,680	Opposition
1984	8th	AIADMK, GKNC, and INC	40	38 / 541	36	5.57	1.80%	13,101,318	Government
1989	9th	AIADMK, and INC	40	39 / 529	1	5.06%	0.51%	15,233,238	Opposition
1991	10th	AIADMK, and INC	40	40 / 534	1	5.52%	0.46%	15,189,033	Government
1996	11th	AIADMK, and INC	40	1 / 543	39	2.17%	3.35%	7,279,636	Opposition
1998	12th	AIADMK, BJP, JP, MDMK, PMK, and TRC	40	30 / 543	29	3.33%	1.16%	12,272,434	Government
1999	13th	AIADMK, CPI, CPI(M), INC, and INL	40	14 / 543	16	3.16%	0.17%	11,514,496	Opposition
2004	14th	AIADMK, and BJP	40	0 / 543	14	2.61%	0.55%	10,175,385	Lost
2009	15th	AIADMK, CPI, CPI(M), MDMK, and PMK	40	12 / 543	12	2.77%	0.16%	11,545,205	Others
2014	16th	AIADMK	40	37 / 543	25	3.31%	0.54%	18,111,579	Others
2019	17th	AIADMK, AINRC, BJP, DMDK, PMK, PNK, PT, and TMC(M)	40	1 / 543	36	2.23%	1.08%	13,555,095	Government
2024	18th	AIADMK, DMDK, PT, and SDPI	41	0 / 543	1	1.56%	0.67%	10,081,203	Lost

State legislative assembly elections

Tamil Nadu

Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly Elections
Duration	Election year	Allied parties	Seats won
AIADMK led Alliance
1977	1977	AIADMK, CPI(M), AIFB, IUML	144 / 234
1979–1980	1980	AIADMK, CPI, CPI(M), AIFB, GKNC	162 / 234
AIADMK - Congress Alliance
1984–1988	1984	AIADMK, INC, GKNC	195 / 234
AIADMK Factional Alliances
1988–1989	1989	AIADMK (Jayalalithaa), CPI	30 / 234
1988–1989	1989	AIADMK (Janaki), TMM	2 / 234
Democratic Progressive Alliance
1991–1996	1991	AIADMK, INC, IC(S)	225 / 234
1991–1996	1996	AIADMK, INC, IUML	4 / 234
Secular Democratic Progressive Alliance
1999–2001	2001	AIADMK, TMC, INC, PMK, CPI, CPI(M), AIFB, IUML, INL, TMMK	196 / 234
Democratic People Alliance
2006	2006	AIADMK, MDMK, VCK, INL, INTUC, MMK, JDS, TMML	69 / 234
AIADMK led Alliance
2008–2014	2011	AIADMK, DMDK, CPI, CPI(M), MMK, PT, AIFB, AISMK, RPI, AIMMK, TNKIP	203 / 234
AIADMK+
2014–2019	2016	AIADMK, AISMK, RPI, TNKIP, MP, MJK, TMML	136 / 234
National Democratic Alliance
2019–2023	2021	AIADMK, PMK, BJP, TMC, PTMK, TMMK, MMK, AIMMK, PBK, PDK	75 / 234
AIADMK led Alliance
2023-Present	2026	AIADMK, DMDK, PT, AIFB, SDPI, PTMK, PBK, RPI, INL	TBA

Puducherry

Puducherry Legislative Assembly Elections
Duration	Election year	Allied parties	Seats won
AIADMK led Alliance
1974	1974	AIADMK, CPI	14 / 30
1977	1977	AIADMK	14 / 30
1979–1980	1980	AIADMK, CPI	0 / 30
AIADMK - Congress Alliance
1984–1988	1985	AIADMK, INC	21 / 30
1989–1996	1990		14 / 30
	1991		21 / 30
	1996		14 / 30
AIADMK - PMK Alliance
2001	2001	AIADMK, PMK	3 / 30
Democratic People Alliance
2006	2006	AIADMK, PMC, MDMK, VCK	7 / 30
AIADMK - NR Congress Alliance
2011	2011	AIADMK, AINRC, CPI, CPI(M), DMDK	20 / 30
AIADMK+
2014–2019	2016	AIADMK	4 / 30
National Democratic Alliance
2019–2023	2021	AIADMK, AINRC, BJP	16 / 30
AIADMK+
2023-Present	2026	AIADMK	TBA

List of members

#	Political party		Flag	Election symbol	Leader	Seats				ECI Status
#	Political party		Flag	Election symbol	Leader	Lok Sabha	Rajya Sabha	Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly	Puducherry Legislative Assembly	ECI Status
1		All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK)			Edappadi K. Palaniswami	0 / 543	3 / 245	62 / 234	0 / 30	State Party in Puducherry and Tamil Nadu
2		All India Forward Bloc (AIFB)			P. V. Kathiravan	0 / 543	0 / 245	0 / 234	0 / 30	State Party in West Bengal
3		All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen (AIMIM)			T. S. Vakeel Ahmed	1 / 543	0 / 245	0 / 234	0 / 30	State Party in Telangana
4		Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam (DMDK)			Premallatha Vijayakant	0 / 543	0 / 245	0 / 234	0 / 30	State Party in Tamil Nadu
5		Indian National League (INL)			M. Muniruddin Sharif	0 / 543	0 / 245	0 / 234	0 / 30	Unrecognised Party
6		Puratchi Bharatham Katchi (PBK)			M. Jagan Moorthy	0 / 543	0 / 245	0 / 234	0 / 30	Unrecognised Party
7		Puthiya Tamilagam (PT)			K. Krishnasamy	0 / 543	0 / 245	0 / 234	0 / 30	Unrecognised Party
8		Republican Party of India (RPI)			C. K. Thamizharasan	0 / 543	0 / 245	0 / 234	0 / 30	Unrecognised Party
9		Social Democratic Party of India (SDPI)			V. M. S. Mohamed Mubarak	0 / 543	0 / 245	0 / 234	0 / 30	Unrecognised Party
TOTAL						1 / 543	3 / 245	62 / 234	0 / 30

Withdrawals

Political Party	ECI Status	Date	Reason for Withdrawal
Bhartiya Janata Party	National Party	25 September 2023	AIADMK broke the alliance for the BJP State President's bad comment on party leaders
Indian National Congress	National Party	28 September 2001	AIADMK broke the alliance for local body elections
Communist Party of India (Marxist)	National Party	5 March 2014	Seat sharing problem in 2014 Indian general election
Communist Party of India	State Party	5 March 2014	Seat sharing problem in 2014 Indian general election
Indian Union Muslim League	State Party	3 January 2004	Aligned with the Democratic Progressive Alliance
Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi	State Party	27 September 2006	Aligned with the Democratic Progressive Alliance
Manithaneya Makkal Katchi	Unrecognised Party	10 January 2014	Aligned with the Democratic Progressive Alliance
Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam	Unrecognised Party	20 March 2011	Seat share problem in 2011 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election
Pattali Makkal Katchi	Unrecognised Party	19 March 2024	Aligned with the National Democratic Alliance
Tamil Maanila Congress (Moopanar)	Unrecognised Party	26 February 2024	Aligned with the National Democratic Alliance
Puducherry Munnetra Congress (In Puducherry)	Unrecognised Party	2009	Merged with the Indian National Congress
Tamizhaga Makkal Munnetra Kazhagam	Unrecognised Party	2024	Aligned with the National Democratic Alliance
Puthiya Needhi Katchi	Unrecognised Party	2024	Aligned with the National Democratic Alliance

Legislative leaders

List of union cabinet ministers

No.	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Portfolio	Term in office			Constituency (House)	Prime Minister
No.	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Portfolio	Assumed office	Left office	Time in office	Constituency (House)	Prime Minister
1		P. Ramachandran (1921–2001)	Ministry of Energy	26 March 1977	28 July 1979	2 years, 124 days	Chennai Central (Lok Sabha)	Morarji Desai
2		C. Subramaniam (1910–2000)	Ministry of Defence	30 July 1979	14 January 1980	168 days	Palani (Lok Sabha)	Charan Singh
3		Sathiavani Muthu (1923–1999)	Ministry of Social Welfare	19 August 1979	23 December 1979	126 days	Tamil Nadu (Rajya Sabha)
4		Aravinda Bala Pajanor (1935–2013)	Ministry of Petroleum, Chemicals and Fertilizers	19 August 1979	23 December 1979	126 days	Puducherry (Lok Sabha)
5		Sedapatti R. Muthiah (1945–2022)	Ministry of Surface Transport	19 March 1998	8 April 1998	20 days	Periyakulam (Lok Sabha)	Atal Bihari Vajpayee
6		M. Thambidurai (1947–)	Ministry of Law and Justice and Company Affairs	19 March 1998	8 April 1999	1 year, 20 days	Karur (Lok Sabha)
6		M. Thambidurai (1947–)	Ministry of Surface Transport	8 April 1998	8 April 1999	1 year	Karur (Lok Sabha)
7		Valappaddy K. Ramamurthy (1940–2002)	Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas	19 March 1998	13 October 1999	1 year, 208 days	Salem (Lok Sabha)
8		Rangarajan Kumaramangalam (1952–2000)	Ministry of Power	19 March 1998		1 year, 208 days	Tiruchirappalli (Lok Sabha)
			Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs	30 January 1999		256 days
			Ministry of Non-Conventional Energy Sources	3 February 1999		252 days
			Ministry of Non-Conventional Energy Sources	9 April 1999	8 June 1999	60 days

List of union ministers of state (independent charge)

No.	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Portfolio	Term in office			Constituency (House)	Prime Minister
No.	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Portfolio	Assumed office	Left office	Time in office	Constituency (House)	Prime Minister
1		K. Gopal (1934–unknown)	Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs	4 August 1979	14 January 1980	163 days	Karur (Lok Sabha)	Charan Singh
2		Maragatham Chandrasekhar (1917–2001)	Ministry of Women and Social Welfare	31 December 1984	25 September 1985	268 days	Nominated (Rajya Sabha)	Rajiv Gandhi
3		P. Chidambaram (1945–)	Ministry of Commerce	21 June 1991	9 July 1992	2 years, 71 days	Sivaganga (Lok Sabha)	P. V. Narasimha Rao
3		P. Chidambaram (1945–)	Ministry of Commerce	10 February 1995	3 April 1996	2 years, 71 days	Sivaganga (Lok Sabha)
4		Valappaddy K. Ramamurthy (1940–2002)	Ministry of Labour	21 June 1991	30 July 1991	39 days	Krishnagiri (Lok Sabha)
5		Dalit Ezhilmalai (1945–2020)	Ministry of Health and Family Welfare	20 March 1998	14 August 1999	1 year, 147 days	Chidambaram (Lok Sabha)	Atal Bihari Vajpayee

List of chief ministers

Chief Ministers of Tamil Nadu

No.	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Term in office			Assembly (Election)	Constituency	Ministry
No.	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Assumed office	Left office	Time in office	Assembly (Election)	Constituency	Ministry
1		M. G. Ramachandran (1917–1987)	30 June 1977	17 February 1980	10 years, 65 days	6th (1977)	Aruppukkottai	Ramachandran I
			9 June 1980	9 February 1985		7th (1980)	Madurai West	Ramachandran II
			10 February 1985	24 December 1987		8th (1984)	Andipatti	Ramachandran III
Acting		V. R. Nedunchezhiyan (1920–2000)	24 December 1987	7 January 1988	14 days		Athoor	Nedunchezhiyan II
2		V. N. Janaki Ramachandran (1923–1996)	7 January 1988	30 January 1988	23 days		did not contest	Janaki
3		J. Jayalalithaa (1948–2016)	24 June 1991	12 May 1996	14 years, 124 days	10th (1991)	Bargur	Jayalalithaa I
			14 May 2001	21 September 2001		12th (2001)	did not contest	Jayalalithaa II
			2 March 2002	12 May 2006		12th (2001)	Andipatti	Jayalalithaa III
			16 May 2011	27 September 2014		14th (2011)	Srirangam	Jayalalithaa IV
			23 May 2015	22 May 2016		14th (2011)	Dr. Radhakrishnan Nagar	Jayalalithaa V
			23 May 2016	5 December 2016		15th (2016)	Dr. Radhakrishnan Nagar	Jayalalithaa VI
4		O. Panneerselvam (1951–)	21 September 2001	2 March 2002	1 year, 105 days	12th (2001)	Periyakulam	Panneerselvam I
			28 September 2014	23 May 2015		14th (2011)	Bodinayakanur	Panneerselvam II
			6 December 2016	15 February 2017		15th (2016)	Bodinayakanur	Panneerselvam III
5		Edappadi K. Palaniswami (1954–)	16 February 2017	6 May 2021	4 years, 79 days	15th (2016)	Edappadi	Palaniswami

Chief Minister of Puducherry

No.	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Term in office			Assembly (Election)	Constituency	Ministry
No.	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Assumed office	Left office	Time in office	Assembly (Election)	Constituency	Ministry
1		S. Ramassamy (1939–2017)	6 March 1974	28 March 1974	1 year, 155 days	4th (1974)	Karaikal South	Ramassamy I
1		S. Ramassamy (1939–2017)	2 July 1977	12 November 1978	1 year, 155 days	5th (1977)	Karaikal South	Ramassamy II
2		M. O. H. Farook (1937–2012)	16 March 1985	7 March 1990	4 years, 356 days	7th (1985)	Lawspet	Farook III
3		V. Vaithilingam (1950–)	4 July 1991	25 May 1996	4 years, 326 days	9th (1991)	Nettapakkam	Vaithilingam I
4		P. Shanmugam (1927–2013)	22 March 2000	23 May 2001	1 year, 62 days	10th (1996)	Yanam	Shanmugam I

List of deputy chief ministers

Deputy Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu

No.	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)		Term in office			Assembly (Election)	Constituency	Chief Minister
No.	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)		Assumed office	Left office	Time in office	Assembly (Election)	Constituency	Chief Minister
1		O. Panneerselvam (1951–)		21 August 2017	6 May 2021	3 years, 258 days	15th (2016)	Bodinayakanur	Edappadi K. Palaniswami

List of deputy speakers of the Lok Sabha

No.	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Term in office			Lok Sabha (Election)	Constituency	Speaker
No.	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Assumed office	Left office	Time in office	Lok Sabha (Election)	Constituency	Speaker
1		M. Thambidurai (1947–)	22 January 1985	27 November 1989	9 years, 229 days	8th (1984)	Dharmapuri	Balram Jakhar
1		M. Thambidurai (1947–)	13 August 2014	25 May 2019	9 years, 229 days	16th (2014)	Karur	Sumitra Mahajan

List of union ministers of state

No.	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Portfolio	Term in office			Constituency (House)	Cabinet Minister	Prime Minister
No.	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Portfolio	Assumed office	Left office	Time in office	Constituency (House)	Cabinet Minister	Prime Minister
1		P. Chidambaram (1945–)	Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions	20 January 1986	2 December 1989	3 years, 316 days	Sivaganga (Lok Sabha)	Rajiv Gandhi	Rajiv Gandhi
1		P. Chidambaram (1945–)	Ministry of Home Affairs	24 June 1986		3 years, 161 days	Sivaganga (Lok Sabha)	P. V. Narasimha Rao Buta Singh
2		R. Prabhu (1947–)	Ministry of Agriculture	22 October 1986		3 years, 41 days	Nilgiris (Lok Sabha)	Gurdial Singh Dhillon Bhajan Lal Bishnoi
3		M. Arunachalam (1944–2004)	Ministry of Industry	25 September 1985		4 years, 68 days	Tenkasi (Lok Sabha)	N. D. Tiwari Jalagam Vengala Rao
			Ministry of Urban Development	21 June 1991	18 January 1993	1 year, 211 days		Sheila Kaul	P. V. Narasimha Rao
			Ministry of Small Scale Industries and Agro Industries	18 January 1993	3 April 1996	3 years, 76 days		K. Karunakaran
4		Rangarajan Kumaramangalam (1952–2000)	Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs	21 June 1991	2 July 1992	1 year, 11 days	Salem (Lok Sabha)	Ghulam Nabi Azad
			Ministry of Law and Justice and Company Affairs	21 June 1991	2 July 1992	1 year, 11 days		Kotla Vijaya Bhaskara Reddy
			Ministry of Science and Technology	2 July 1992	2 December 1993	1 year, 153 days		P. V. Narasimha Rao
			Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs	2 July 1992	2 December 1993	1 year, 153 days		Ghulam Nabi Azad Vidya Charan Shukla
5		R. K. Kumar (1942–1999)	Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs	19 March 1998	22 May 1998	64 days	Tamil Nadu (Rajya Sabha)	Madan Lal Khurana	Atal Bihari Vajpayee
5		R. K. Kumar (1942–1999)	Ministry of Finance	20 March 1998	22 May 1998	63 days	Tamil Nadu (Rajya Sabha)	Yashwant Sinha
6		Kadambur M. R. Janarthanan (1929–2020)	Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions	20 March 1998	8 April 1999	1 year, 19 days	Tirunelveli (Lok Sabha)	Atal Bihari Vajpayee
6		Kadambur M. R. Janarthanan (1929–2020)	Ministry of Finance	22 May 1998	8 April 1999	321 days	Tirunelveli (Lok Sabha)	Yashwant Sinha

List of speakers

Speakers of the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly

No.	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Term in office			Assembly (Election)	Constituency
No.	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Assumed office	Left office	Time in office	Assembly (Election)	Constituency
1		Munu Adhi (1926–2005)	6 July 1977	18 June 1980	2 years, 348 days	6th (1977)	Tambaram
2		K. Rajaram (1926–2008)	21 June 1980	24 February 1985	4 years, 248 days	7th (1980)	Panamarathupatti
3		P. H. Pandian (1945–2020)	27 February 1985	5 February 1989	3 years, 344 days	8th (1984)	Cheranmadevi
4		Sedapatti R. Muthiah (1945–2022)	3 July 1991	21 May 1996	4 years, 323 days	10th (1991)	Sedapatti
5		K. Kalimuthu (1942–2006)	24 May 2001	1 February 2006	4 years, 253 days	12th (2001)	Thirumangalam
6		D. Jayakumar (1960–)	27 May 2011	29 September 2012	1 year, 125 days	14th (2011)	Royapuram
7		P. Dhanapal (1951–)	10 October 2012	24 May 2016	8 years, 196 days	14th (2011)	Rasipuram
7		P. Dhanapal (1951–)	3 June 2016	3 May 2021	8 years, 196 days	15th (2016)	Avanashi

List of deputy speakers

Deputy Speakers of the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly

No.	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Term in office			Assembly (Election)	Constituency	Speaker
No.	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Assumed office	Left office	Time in office	Assembly (Election)	Constituency	Speaker
1		Su. Thirunavukkarasar (1949–)	6 July 1977	17 February 1980	2 years, 226 days	6th (1977)	Arantangi	Munu Adhi
2		P. H. Pandian (1945–2020)	21 June 1980	15 November 1984	4 years, 147 days	7th (1980)	Cheranmadevi	K. Rajaram
3		V. P. Balasubramanian (1946–)	27 February 1985	30 January 1988	2 years, 337 days	8th (1984)	Vedasandur	P. H. Pandian
4		K. Ponnusamy (Unknown–)	3 July 1991	16 May 1993	1 year, 317 days	10th (1991)	Marungapuri	Sedapatti R. Muthiah
5		S. Gandhirajan (1951–)	27 October 1993	13 May 1996	2 years, 199 days	10th (1991)	Vedasandur	Sedapatti R. Muthiah
6		A. Arunachalam (Unknown–)	24 May 2001	12 May 2006	4 years, 353 days	12th (2001)	Varahur	K. Kalimuthu
7		P. Dhanapal (1951–)	27 May 2011	9 October 2012	1 year, 135 days	14th (2011)	Rasipuram	D. Jayakumar
8		Pollachi V. Jayaraman (1952–)	29 October 2012	21 May 2016	8 years, 174 days	14th (2011)	Udumalaipettai	P. Dhanapal
8		Pollachi V. Jayaraman (1952–)	3 June 2016	3 May 2021	8 years, 174 days	15th (2016)	Pollachi	P. Dhanapal

List of leaders of the opposition

Leaders of the Opposition in the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly

No.	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Term in office			Assembly (Election)	Constituency
No.	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Assumed office	Left office	Time in office	Assembly (Election)	Constituency
1		J. Jayalalithaa (1948–2016)	9 February 1989	1 December 1989	5 years, 280 days	9th (1989)	Bodinayakanur
1		J. Jayalalithaa (1948–2016)	29 May 2006	14 May 2011	5 years, 280 days	13th (2006)	Andipatti
2		S. R. Eradha (1934–2020)	1 December 1989	19 January 1991	1 year, 49 days	9th (1989)	Madurai East
3		O. Panneerselvam (1951–)	19 May 2006	28 May 2006	9 days	13th (2006)	Periyakulam
4		Edappadi K. Palaniswami (1954–)	11 May 2021	Incumbent	3 years, 183 days	16th (2021)	Edappadi

Leaders of the Opposition in the Puducherry Legislative Assembly

No.	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Term in office			Assembly (Election)	Constituency
No.	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Assumed office	Left office	Time in office	Assembly (Election)	Constituency
1		P. K. Loganathan (1938–2013)	16 March 1985	4 March 1990	4 years, 353 days	7th (1985)	Oupalam
2		V. M. C. V. Ganapathy (1960–)	4 July 1991	13 May 1996	4 years, 314 days	9th (1991)	Neravy – T. R. Pattinam

List of deputy leaders of the opposition

Deputy Leaders of the Opposition in the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly

No.	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Term in office			Assembly (Election)	Constituency	Leader of the Opposition
No.	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Assumed office	Left office	Time in office	Assembly (Election)	Constituency	Leader of the Opposition
1		Su. Thirunavukkarasar (1949–)	9 February 1989	19 January 1991	1 year, 344 days	9th (1989)	Aranthangi	J. Jayalalithaa S. R. Eradha
2		K. A. Sengottaiyan (1948–)	19 May 2006	28 May 2006	9 days	13th (2006)	Gobichettipalayam	O. Panneerselvam
3		O. Panneerselvam (1951–)	29 May 2006	14 May 2011	6 years, 12 days	13th (2006)	Periyakulam	J. Jayalalithaa
3		O. Panneerselvam (1951–)	14 June 2021	11 July 2022	6 years, 12 days	16th (2021)	Bodinayakanur	Edappadi K. Palaniswami
4		R. B. Udhayakumar (1973–)	19 July 2022	Incumbent	2 years, 114 days	16th (2021)	Thirumangalam	Edappadi K. Palaniswami

References

^ Soper, J. Christopher; Fetzer, Joel S. (2018). Religion and Nationalism in Global Perspective. Cambridge University Press. pp. 200–210. ISBN 978-1-107-18943-0.
^ Price, P. (1996). Revolution and Rank in Tamil Nationalism. The Journal of Asian Studies, 55(2), 359-383. doi:10.2307/2943363
^ Pamela Price (1999) Relating to leadership in the Tamil nationalist movement: C.N. Annadurai in person-centred propaganda, South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies, 22:2, 149-174, doi:10.1080/00856409908723369
^ "All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazgham (AIADMK)". Business Standard India. Retrieved 10 August 2019.
^ "Volume I, 1977 Indian general election, 6th Lok Sabha" (PDF). eci.nic.in. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 July 2014. Retrieved 18 July 2014.
^ "From the archives: Why is 1980 Tamil Nadu Assembly election worthy of note?". The New Indian Express. Archived from the original on 26 April 2021. Retrieved 17 September 2021.
^ ^a ^b G. Palanithurai (June 1991). Role Perception of the Legislators: A Case Study of Tamil Nadu. Stosius Inc/Advent Books Division. pp. 26–27. ISBN 81-220-0227-7.
^ "A throwback to another battle for AIADMK's 'Two Leaves' symbol". the hindu. 23 November 2017. Archived from the original on 28 July 2022. Retrieved 28 July 2022.
^ K. Mohandas (1992). MGR, the man and the myth. Panther Publishers. pp. 105–106. ISBN 978-81-85457-09-3.
^ Election Commission of India. "1991 Election Statistical Report" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 October 2010. Retrieved 19 April 2009.
^ "List of Chief Ministers of Tamil Nadu from 1920". Archived from the original on 23 April 2013.
^ Ramakrishnan, T. (11 July 2022). "Palaniswami elected AIADMK interim general secretary; Panneerselvam expelled". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Archived from the original on 13 July 2022. Retrieved 13 July 2022.
^ "AIADMK Amended Constitution dated 20.04.2023.pdf". Election Commission of India. 20 April 2023.
^ "Election Commission of India recognises Edappadi K. Palaniswami as AIADMK general secretary". The Hindu. 20 April 2023.
^ "AIADMK severs ties with BJP-led NDA alliance, to lead separate front for 2024 Lok Sabha polls". www.telegraphindia.com. Retrieved 25 September 2023.
^ PTI. "AIADMK severs ties with BJP-led NDA; to form front to fight 2024 LS polls". Deccan Herald. Retrieved 25 September 2023.
^ "AIADMK snaps ties with BJP-led NDA alliance ahead of 2024 Lok Sabha polls". The Indian Express. 25 September 2023. Retrieved 25 September 2023.
^ "Tamil Nadu election results 2024: DMK alliance sweeps Cuddalore, Villupuram, and Kallakurichi". The Hindu. 4 June 2024. Retrieved 4 June 2024.

[J.Soper-1] Soper, J. Christopher; Fetzer, Joel S. (2018). Religion and Nationalism in Global Perspective. Cambridge University Press. pp. 200–210. ISBN 978-1-107-18943-0.

[2] Price, P. (1996). Revolution and Rank in Tamil Nationalism. The Journal of Asian Studies, 55(2), 359-383. doi:10.2307/2943363

[3] Pamela Price (1999) Relating to leadership in the Tamil nationalist movement: C.N. Annadurai in person-centred propaganda, South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies, 22:2, 149-174, doi:10.1080/00856409908723369

[4] "All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazgham (AIADMK)". Business Standard India. Retrieved 10 August 2019.

[5] "Volume I, 1977 Indian general election, 6th Lok Sabha" (PDF). eci.nic.in. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 July 2014. Retrieved 18 July 2014.

[6] "From the archives: Why is 1980 Tamil Nadu Assembly election worthy of note?". The New Indian Express. Archived from the original on 26 April 2021. Retrieved 17 September 2021.

[Palanithurai-7] G. Palanithurai (June 1991). Role Perception of the Legislators: A Case Study of Tamil Nadu. Stosius Inc/Advent Books Division. pp. 26–27. ISBN 81-220-0227-7.

[8] "A throwback to another battle for AIADMK's 'Two Leaves' symbol". the hindu. 23 November 2017. Archived from the original on 28 July 2022. Retrieved 28 July 2022.

[Mohandas-9] K. Mohandas (1992). MGR, the man and the myth. Panther Publishers. pp. 105–106. ISBN 978-81-85457-09-3.

[results-10] Election Commission of India. "1991 Election Statistical Report" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 October 2010. Retrieved 19 April 2009.

[CM-11] "List of Chief Ministers of Tamil Nadu from 1920". Archived from the original on 23 April 2013.

[12] Ramakrishnan, T. (11 July 2022). "Palaniswami elected AIADMK interim general secretary; Panneerselvam expelled". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Archived from the original on 13 July 2022. Retrieved 13 July 2022.

[ecrecognition-13] "AIADMK Amended Constitution dated 20.04.2023.pdf". Election Commission of India. 20 April 2023.

[14] "Election Commission of India recognises Edappadi K. Palaniswami as AIADMK general secretary". The Hindu. 20 April 2023.

[15] "AIADMK severs ties with BJP-led NDA alliance, to lead separate front for 2024 Lok Sabha polls". www.telegraphindia.com. Retrieved 25 September 2023.

[16] PTI. "AIADMK severs ties with BJP-led NDA; to form front to fight 2024 LS polls". Deccan Herald. Retrieved 25 September 2023.

[17] "AIADMK snaps ties with BJP-led NDA alliance ahead of 2024 Lok Sabha polls". The Indian Express. 25 September 2023. Retrieved 25 September 2023.

[18] "Tamil Nadu election results 2024: DMK alliance sweeps Cuddalore, Villupuram, and Kallakurichi". The Hindu. 4 June 2024. Retrieved 4 June 2024.

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