4th Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement
4th Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement took place on 5–9 September 1973 in Algiers, the capital city of Algeria.[2] The event took place in the Palace of Nations outside of the capital city.[1] The general agenda for the summit was initially defined at the 1973 ministerial meeting in Kabul where Algerian delegation welcomed primary contribution of Guyana, India and SFR Yugoslavia.[3] 76 countries in total participated in the summit calling upon the United States and the Soviet Union not to take important decisions on disarmament, world trade or the world monetary system without the effective participating on the Third World.[4]
Argentina, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Malta, Oman, Peru and Qatar joined as the Non-Aligned Movement at the time of the conference.[5] Algerian host underlined the need for concrete measures to help liberation movements in the Portuguese Africa and Palestine.[1] Secretary-General of the United Nations Kurt Waldheim welcomed “very useful” talks on the peace in the region.[1] While the event coincided with the attack on the Saudi Arabian Embassy in Paris the attack was not commented and the delegation of the country led by King Faisal maintained cordial interaction with Yasir Arafat.[1] United States Mission to the United Nations noticed increased coordination among the member states where Sub-Saharan African countries showed unified front on the question of Apartheid regime in South Africa and Arab states on the issue of Palestine.[6] The mission also noted increasing importance of the core Arab-African members with decreasing prominence of the original leaders of the movement such as Indonesia, India and even SFR Yugoslavia.[6] With the strong support by Fidel Castro, Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev sent a letter to the Algerian President ahead of the event asking him to try to direct the movement towards the Soviet strategic interests.[3] Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi accused Castro of being the representative of the USSR in the movement, while some expected guests were absent as was the case with the king Hussein of Jordan (due to concerns over disagreements with Palestinian delegation) and Suharto (due to Sihanouk's participation).[3] In this sensitive context Yugoslav delegation, prepared in advance at the meeting in Igalo, carefully drafted the speech for the President of Yugoslavia Josip Broz Tito in which he decided not to mention a word socialism for a single time.[3][7]
The conference adopted the decision on the mandate and the name of the future Coordinating Bureau which would include 15 countries responsible for the organization of the following summit.[3] The final document of the conference gave "unreserved support to the application of the principle that nationalization carried out by States [is understood] as an expression of their sovereignty...".[8] The United Nations General Assembly reaffirmed the declaration with an resolution supported by 108 countries and 1 vote (United Kingdom) against.[8]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f g Henry Giniger (5 September 1973). "Nonaligned Nations Troubled by Discord as Parley Begins". The New York Times. The New York Times. Retrieved 2022-01-31.
- ^ "4th Summit Conference of Heads of State or Government of the Non-Aligned Movement" (PDF). James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies. February 1973.
- ^ a b c d e Tvrtko Jakovina (2011). Treća strana Hladnog rata [The Third Side of the Cold War] (in Croatian). Fraktura. ISBN 978-953-266-203-0.
- ^ "NONALIGNED WARN MAJOR COUNTRIES". The New York Times. The New York Times. 10 September 1973. Retrieved 2022-01-31.
- ^ Indira Gandhi (6 September 1973). Address of Prime Minister Indira Gandhi (PDF). New Delhi: Ministry of External Affairs (India). Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 February 2022. Retrieved 31 January 2022.
- ^ a b "9. Telegram 4973 From the Mission to the United Nations to the Department of State, November 21, 1973, 1600Z". history.state.gov. Office of the Historian. 21 November 1973. Retrieved 2022-01-31.
- ^ Jakovina, Tvrtko (2020). Budimir Lončar: Od Preka do vrha svijeta [Budimir Lončar: From Preko to the top of the World] (in Croatian). Zaprešić, Croatia: Fraktura. ISBN 978-953358239-9.
- ^ a b Haight, G. W. (1975). "The New International Economie Order and the Charter of Economic Rights and Duties of States". The International Lawyer. American Bar Association. Retrieved 2022-01-31.
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