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2429 Schürer

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2429 Schürer
Discovery [1][2]
Discovered byP. Wild
Discovery siteZimmerwald Obs.
Discovery date12 October 1977
Designations
(2429) Schürer
Named after
Max Schürer
(Swiss astronomer)[3]
1977 TZ · A915 TB
main-belt [1][2] · (middle)
Maria [4][5]
Orbital characteristics [2]
Epoch 27 April 2019 (JD 2458600.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc103.02 yr (37,629 d)
Aphelion2.8341 AU
Perihelion2.3098 AU
2.5719 AU
Eccentricity0.1019
4.12 yr (1,507 d)
5.5233°
0° 14m 20.4s / day
Inclination15.055°
17.893°
30.008°
Physical characteristics
11.582±0.133 km[6][7]
13.27±3.55 km[8]
15.95±0.38 km[9]
15.99±0.26 km[10]
6.66±0.05 h[11]
0.096[9]
0.120±0.023[10]
0.16[8]
0.1976[12]
0.229[6]
S (assumed)[13]
11.90[6][12][10]
12.0[1][2][13]
12.20[9]
12.21[8]

2429 Schürer, provisional designation 1977 TZ, is a Maria asteroid from the central region of the asteroid belt, approximately 12 kilometers (7 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 12 October 1977, by Swiss astronomer Paul Wild at Zimmerwald Observatory near Bern, Switzerland,[1] and later named after Swiss astronomer Max Schürer.[3] The likely elongated S-type asteroid has a rotation period of 6.6 hours.[11][13]

Orbit and classification

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Schürer is a member of the Maria family (506),[4][5]: 389  a large family of stony asteroids with nearly 3000 known members, named after asteroid 170 Maria.[14] The family is old, about (3±1)×109 years, and located near the 3:1 resonant region with Jupiter that supplies near-Earth objects to the inner Solar System. It is estimated that every 100 million years, about 37 to 75 Maria asteroids larger than 1 kilometer become such near-Earth objects.[11]

It orbits the Sun in the central main-belt at a distance of 2.3–2.8 AU once every 4 years and 1 month (1,507 days; semi-major axis of 2.57 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.10 and an inclination of 15° with respect to the ecliptic.[2] The body's observation arc begins with a precovery taken at Heidelberg Observatory in October 1915, or 62 years prior to its official discovery observation at Zimmerwald.[1]

Naming

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This minor planet was named in honor of Swiss astronomer Max Schürer (1910–1997), who was director of the Astronomical Institute of the University of Bern from 1947 to 1980. Due to his initiative, endurance, and great technical competence, the discovering observatory at Zimmerwald – after which the asteroid 1775 Zimmerwald is named – could be built in 1956. He did a lot of orbit computation on asteroids when he was a pupil of astronomer Sigmund Mauderli (1876–1962), who was the preceding director of the Astronomical Institute (also see 1748 Mauderli). Schürer also dealt with stellar dynamics and was deeply involved as a pioneer in satellite geodesy.[3] The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 10 November 1992 (M.P.C. 21129).[15]

Physical characteristics

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Schürer is an assumed S-type asteroid,[13] and corresponds to the overall stony spectral type of the Maria family.[14]: 23 

Rotation period

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In February 2012, a rotational lightcurve of Schürer was obtained from photometric observations by an international collaboration under the lead of South Korean astronomers. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 6.66±0.05 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.77 magnitude, indicative of an elongated, non-spherical shape (U=3-).[11]

A modeled lightcurve using photometric data from Gaia's DR2 catalog was published in 2018. It gave a similar sidereal period of 6.5119±0.0002 hours, as well as a spin axis at (235.0°, −26.0°) in ecliptic coordinates (λ, β).[16]

Diameter and albedo

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According to the surveys carried out by the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Schürer measures between 11.58 and 16.0 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.096 and 0.229.[6][7][8][10][12] while the Japanese Akari satellite gives a diameter of 15.95 km with a low albedo of 0.096.[9] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes an albedo of 0.21 and calculates a diameter of 11.55 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 12.0.[13]

References

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  1. ^ a b c d e "2429 Schurer (1977 TZ)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 2 July 2019.
  2. ^ a b c d e "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 2429 Schurer (1977 TZ)" (2018-10-18 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 2 July 2019.
  3. ^ a b c Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(2429) Schürer". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 198. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_2430. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
  4. ^ a b "Asteroid 2429 Schurer". Small Bodies Data Ferret. Retrieved 2 July 2019.
  5. ^ a b Alvarez-Candal, Alvaro; Duffard, René; Angeli, Cláudia A.; Lazzaro, Daniela; Fernández, Silvia (December 2004). "Rotational lightcurves of asteroids belonging to families". Icarus. 172 (2): 388–401. Bibcode:2004Icar..172..388A. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2004.06.008.
  6. ^ a b c d Mainzer, A. K.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Grav, T.; Kramer, E. A.; Masiero, J. R.; et al. (June 2016). "NEOWISE Diameters and Albedos V1.0". NASA Planetary Data System: EAR-A-COMPIL-5-NEOWISEDIAM-V1.0. Bibcode:2016PDSS..247.....M. Retrieved 2 July 2019.
  7. ^ a b Masiero, Joseph R.; Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Nugent, C. R.; Bauer, J. M.; Stevenson, R.; et al. (August 2014). "Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 791 (2): 11. arXiv:1406.6645. Bibcode:2014ApJ...791..121M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121. S2CID 119293330.
  8. ^ a b c d Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Kramer, E. A.; Grav, T.; et al. (September 2016). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year Two: Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astronomical Journal. 152 (3): 12. arXiv:1606.08923. Bibcode:2016AJ....152...63N. doi:10.3847/0004-6256/152/3/63. S2CID 119289027.
  9. ^ a b c d Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
  10. ^ a b c d Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C.; et al. (November 2012). "Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 759 (1): 5. arXiv:1209.5794. Bibcode:2012ApJ...759L...8M. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8. S2CID 46350317.
  11. ^ a b c d Kim, M.-J.; Choi, Y.-J.; Moon, H.-K.; Byun, Y.-I.; Brosch, N.; Kaplan, M.; et al. (March 2014). "Rotational Properties of the Maria Asteroid Family". The Astronomical Journal. 147 (3): 15. arXiv:1311.5318. Bibcode:2014AJ....147...56K. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/147/3/56. S2CID 119256964.
  12. ^ a b c Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90. S2CID 118700974. (catalog)
  13. ^ a b c d e "LCDB Data for (2429) Schürer". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 2 July 2019.
  14. ^ a b Nesvorný, D.; Broz, M.; Carruba, V. (December 2014). "Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families". Asteroids IV. pp. 297–321. arXiv:1502.01628. Bibcode:2015aste.book..297N. doi:10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016. ISBN 9780816532131. S2CID 119280014.
  15. ^ "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 2 July 2019.
  16. ^ Durech, J.; Hanus, J. (November 2018). "Reconstruction of asteroid spin states from Gaia DR2 photometry". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 620: 4. arXiv:1810.04485. Bibcode:2018A&A...620A..91D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201834007. S2CID 119390908.
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