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She Has a Name
A black square with the words "SHE HAS A NAME" in white letters at the top and an instant photograph below the words, depicting part of a face and a hand
Promotional Facebook/Twitter profile picture for the 2012 cross-Canada tour
Written byAndrew Kooman
ChorusFour dead child prostitutes
CharactersJason
Number 18
Ali
Marta
Mama
Pimp
Date premieredFebruary 23, 2011 (2011-02-23)
Place premieredEPCOR Centre for the Performing Arts in Calgary, Alberta, Canada
Original languageEnglish
SubjectChild sex tourism
Forced prostitution
Human trafficking
Prostitution of children
Sexual slavery
GenreLegal thriller
Political drama
Tragedy
SettingBangkok, Thailand
Official site

She Has a Name is a play about human trafficking written by Andrew Kooman in 2009 as a single act and expanded to full length in 2010. It is about the trafficking of children into sexual slavery and was inspired by the deaths of 54 people in the Ranong human-trafficking incident. Kooman had previously published literature, but this was his first full-length play. The stage premiere of She Has a Name was directed by Stephen Waldschmidt in Calgary, Alberta in February 2011. From May to October 2012, She Has a Name toured across Canada. In conjunction with the tour, A Better World raised money to help women and children who had been trafficked in Thailand as part of the country's prostitution industry. The first performances of She Has a Name in the United States took place in Folsom, California in 2014 under the direction of Emma Eldridge, who was a 23-year-old college student at the time.

The script calls for five actors to portray ten characters. The two main characters are Jason, a young Canadian lawyer; and Number 18, a young female prostitute who claims to be fifteen years old and has been a prostitute for six years. The drama centers on Jason's infiltration of a brothel ring that is trafficking girls into Bangkok. Jason comes to believe that Number 18 could be a key witness to a human trafficking incident and tries to gain her trust and persuade her to testify against the ring. The victimized child in the play is known only by the number 18 to reflect how traffickers often dehumanize their victims by giving them a new name or simply a number, which in some cases is branded onto the victim's body. Waldschmidt said he hoped that She Has a Name will educate Canadians about human trafficking and motivate them to act on what they learn, thereby turning them into anti-sexual slavery activists.

She Has a Name received strong endorsement from Canadian activists, including MP Joy Smith, Ratanak International's Brian McConaghy, and IJM Canada's Jamie McIntosh. The play's premiere and initial run were critically acclaimed. In the 2012 tour across Canada, She Has a Name was performed in several fringe theatre festivals, at which critics representing the Montreal Gazette, the Winnipeg Free Press, and CFEQ-FM said it stood out for its quality and moral content.

Background

[edit]
A photograph of a man with brown eyes, brown hair, and dimples looking at the viewer and wearing a green sweater over a black shirt
She Has a Name was Andrew Kooman's debut play.

She Has a Name was the first full-length play by Andrew Kooman, a playwright and author from Alberta in western Canada.[1] He began work on it in 2008 and finished a one-act version by 2009, writing under the guidance of a dramaturge at a Scripts At Work workshop at Red Deer College.[2] He drew on his experiences working with a Canadian film crew in Thailand in 2006.[3] He intended to extend the script into a full-length play eventually.[4] Kooman had previously written other literary works, including the young adult novel Ten Silver Coins: The Drylings of Acchora, and two plays, Shelter and Joseph, that had been selected for development at Scripts At Work workshops.[5]

Kooman first became aware of human trafficking while he was working for the nonprofit organization Youth With A Mission (YWAM) in southeast Malaysia, where he met children who had been trafficked.[6] Kooman later realized that people are also trafficked in Canada.[7] Kooman wrote She Has a Name with the intention of bringing attention to this issue, specifically in connection with sexual exploitation.[4]

To ground the play in reality, Kooman researched human trafficking and met with survivors.[8] He read about the Ranong human-trafficking incident, in which 121 people were trafficked from Burma to Thailand and left in a locked water tank, which was then abandoned by its drivers and discovered only after 54 of the people had died from suffocation or hyperthermia.[9] The truck carrying the water tank had been abandoned because it ran out of fuel.[4] When the truck was discovered in April 2008, it contained men, women, and children.[10] Knowing that many of the impoverished girls who are smuggled in this manner become enslaved in brothels as child prostitutes, Kooman used the incident in the backstory of the play.[11]

In January 2010, there was a full reading of the one-act version of the play. Despite an unfinished script and a performance by amateur actors, it evoked a strong response from the audience.[12] Later that year, Stephen Waldschmidt, an artistic associate of Burnt Thicket Theatre, asked to read the script of She Has a Name, and later said he could not put it down.[13] He was initially reluctant to attach himself to the play because of the immensity and ugliness of the issues therein, but he ultimately worked with Kooman to expand it into a full-length play with an extra hour of material by the end of 2010.[4] The result is a play that can be performed in 90 minutes but may last up to two hours.[14] Burnt Thicket Theatre served as the play's initial production company.[4]

Characters

[edit]
A photograph of a kneeling woman surrounded by three other women in white cloaks staring at her all in front of a painted backdrop
The voices have been variously considered angels or ghosts, and are sometimes frightening and at other times consoling.

There are ten characters in She Has a Name, but the script calls for only five actors, four female and one male.[15] The main characters are Jason and Number 18. Jason is a young, Canadian lawyer with experience in corporate law. He found this work unsatisfying, so he started working in international human rights law for the United Nations and a non-governmental organization (NGO) that opposes sex trafficking. Number 18—the play's heroine—is a young, female prostitute who claims to be fifteen years old and has been a prostitute for six years. Ali is Jason's wife, and they have two young daughters. Marta is Jason's employer, who has become very tough from years of fighting for justice and who is now driven and stressed. The other characters are a pimp, who is unnamed, and his assistant, a cruel brothel keeper called Mama.

The script calls for one actor to play both male characters—Jason and the pimp.[16] Jason and Number 18 are haunted by four voices. As poetic and prophetic voices, these characters serve much the same purpose as a chorus in Greek tragedies, according to reviewer Lana Michelin of the Red Deer Advocate.[4] Variously considered angels or ghosts, the voices are written in the script to be played by the female actors who portray Number 18, Marta, Ali, and Mama.[17] While these voices sometimes emphasize the horrors of the sex industry, at other times, they offer comfort to Number 18. It is only revealed at the play's conclusion that the chorus is made up of dead child prostitutes.

Plot summary

[edit]
A photograph of five people, three of whom are wearing white cloaks, one of whom is wearing a red shirt, and the remaining one of whom is holding a gun
Number 18 is regularly abused despite being her pimp's favourite prostitute.

A pimp rapes Number 18 in a bar, then enslaves her sexually. Number 18's father died when she was young and her family struggled to support her thereafter. Strangers took her from her home in Cambodia as a child, replaced her name with a number, and prostituted her in various countries. Number 18 ends up in the Thai child prostitution industry. Most of her clients are rich men, many of them foreign tourists. In a brothel and bar called The Pearl, Number 18 is kept in a dark room containing only a table and a dilapidated bed. Whenever she fails to follow the orders of Mama, the brothel-keeper, Mama shouts at her and beats her. Number 18 prays for a man to come and save her from these ordeals. At the same time she becomes the most elegant and highly sought-after prostitute at The Pearl and her pimp's favourite. She becomes very proficient in pleasing men sexually but also remains childlike—she dries her face with her skirt and plays with its hem.

Jason starts work with an NGO in Thailand, having left his wife and children in Canada and abandoned a lucrative job at his father-in-law's legal firm. He communicates with his wife Ali over Skype. Jason's first task is to find witnesses to or survivors from a human-trafficking incident and then to shut down the brothels into which they have been trafficked; his boss Marta sends him into the brothels as she cannot enter herself. His specific focus is an Asia-wide brothel ring's trafficking of girls into Bangkok for prostitution as part of the child sex tourism industry. An abandoned storage truck has been discovered containing the bodies of dead sex workers. Attempting to build a legal case against the brothel ring, Jason pays to see prostitutes in the hope that one of them witnessed the incident. The first prostitute he sees is Number 18, whose attempts to seduce him make him uneasy. Thinking Number 18 could be a key witness, he tries to persuade her to testify. The other prostitutes Jason encounters are too afraid to give evidence. Number 18 answers some of Jason's questions about where she is from, where she has worked, and how long she has been working, but only on the condition that Jason pay 100 baht for each response. She reveals that she has been prostituted in Thailand and Malaysia.

A photograph of four people, the leftmost three of whom are women wearing white cloaks and the remaining person being a kneeling man
After her pimp kills her, Number 18 joins the chorus of dead child prostitutes.

It is revealed that Number 18 was one of the girls in the storage truck, but that she escaped and ended up at The Pearl. Traumatized, she does not understand what Jason wants. She knows that every girl who has talked about the storage truck incident has been killed and is therefore reluctant to testify. One night Number 18 is injured in a party at the brothel and can barely walk when Jason visits. When he tells Ali about his experiences, she begs him to come home, but Jason believes he is in Bangkok by divine providence. Number 18 comes to understand that Jason is not like the other men who frequent The Pearl, and agrees to trust him and testify against the brothel ring if he can rescue her.

Jason pays Number 18's pimp enough money to take her out of the brothel for a weekend. Before he arrives to take her away, however, Mama finds and confiscates the money Jason has previously paid Number 18, and correctly guesses that he does not intend to bring her back. When Jason arrives to collect Number 18, Mama tells him she is dead and offers a refund. Believing Number 18 is still alive, Jason becomes violent. Mama mocks him, saying the Western culture he is part of is hedonistic and responsible for people in the Third World being sexually trafficked. Jason stops short of hurting Mama and leaves to report to Marta. Through her connections, Marta discovers that Number 18 is alive. Marta tries to save Number 18, posing as a lawyer protecting Number 18's rights. The pimp forces Marta off with a gun. When Jason makes another attempt to rescue Number 18, the pimp kills her. Number 18 joins the chorus of dead child prostitutes who have been watching over and commenting on events throughout the play.

Productions

[edit]

Initial run

[edit]
A photograph of five people, four of which are women, the rightmost three of whom are wearing white cloaks and the remaining woman being embraced by the man
The 2011 cast (left to right): Denise Wong, Aaron Krogman, Cari Russell, Glenda Warkentin, and Sienna Howell-Holden

The stage premiere of She Has a Name was directed by Waldschmidt, who was also the scenic designer.[18] Aaron Krogman was selected to portray Jason and the unnamed pimp, Sienna Howell-Holden to portray Mama, Glenda Warkentin to portray Marta, Denise Wong to portray Number 18, and Cari Russell to portray Ali.[19] Waldschmidt suggested that Warkentin audition for the play after seeing her perform at Rosebud Theatre in Rosebud, Alberta.[20] Wong, Krogman, and Kooman spoke highly of Waldschmidt's directing, and Kooman praised Waldschmidt's work as scenic designer.[21] Waldschmidt praised the cast's acting.[22] He said he found the play's opening scene, in which a rape occurs, the most difficult to stage, despite having previously performed a similar rape scene as an actor.[12] The premiere of She Has a Name was produced by Burnt Thicket Theatre in partnership with Raise Their Voice.[23][24] The office of Joy Smith, MP for Kildonan—St. Paul, released a statement advertising the premiere of She Has a Name.[25]

The premiere took place at the EPCOR Centre for the Performing Arts in Calgary in February 2011.[26] Performances were scheduled to run on the centre's Motel stage between February 23 and March 5.[27] Tickets quickly sold out.[28] Four days after the premiere, Burnt Thicket Theatre moved the play to the Scott Block Theatre in Red Deer, where the play was scheduled to be performed until March 12.[29] All the performances in Red Deer were sold out.[24] The play drew emotional reactions from the audience.[30][31][32] Kooman learned that some audience members at the initial performances later responded to the play by talking with others about human trafficking, writing letters to their Members of Parliament, and doing other creative things on the subject.[31] They also contacted Waldschmidt, sometimes up to a year later, with stories about how the play had continued to affect their lives.[32] In conjunction with the initial run of She Has a Name, Burnt Thicket Theatre provided the names of organizations that assist human-trafficking victims.[4] There was also a panel discussion about human trafficking after the matinée on February 26.[28]

Pre-tour revisions and readings

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A photograph of a man and a woman, both wearing dress shirts and jeans, the woman also wearing a necklace and a watch, all in front of a painted backdrop
Jason and Marta arguing in a 2012 performance. The scenes involving these two characters were altered considerably following the premiere.

After the play's initial run, Kooman revised the script, making prominent changes in the scenes involving Jason and Marta.[33] In the version performed at the premiere, the two characters debate issues of human rights on a solely philosophical level, while in the new version, Marta makes real demands of Jason, making their interactions more dynamic.[34] Kooman made Jason's wife Ali more patient and understanding in dealing with Jason's lengthy absences from home and removed the intermission.[35] According to reviewer Lana Michelin of the Red Deer Advocate, Kooman's changes strengthened the emotional pull of the play.[36][37] Because of the amount of interest in She Has a Name in 2011, not enough tickets were available for the initial run, and a second run was planned for the end of 2011.[3][38] To finance a tour of the play, Burnt Thicket Theatre raised money through fundraisers, which included the 2011 Calgary Ride for Refuge.[39][40]

In August 2011, extracts from She Has a Name were read at a conference in Strathmore called Justice Tapestry.[41] A reading of the play took place during an event at Mount Royal University on February 16, 2012, which also included a speech by Yvon Dandurand on the subject of human trafficking, and a book signing by John Winterdyk for his book Human Trafficking: Exploring the International Nature, Concerns, and Complexities.[42]

2012 tour

[edit]
A photograph of five people, four of whom are women in white cloaks and the other of whom is a man wearing a dress shirt over a black shirt
The 2012 cast (left to right): Sienna Howell-Holden, Glenda Warkentin, Evelyn Chew, Carl Kennedy, and Alysa van Haastert

The 2012 tour of She Has a Name was a fringe theatre tour across Canada.[43] The performances were co-produced by Burnt Thicket Theatre and Raise Their Voice and were directed by Waldschmidt.[44] Carl Kennedy portrayed Jason, Evelyn Chew portrayed Number 18, Alysa van Haastert portrayed Ali, and Warkentin and Howell-Holden returned as Marta and Mama.[45] To avoid giving the impression that human trafficking is limited to Asia, the producers deliberately cast actors who were not of Asian descent.[30]

The tour started on May 23 in Lethbridge and went on to the other Canadian cities of Saskatoon, Ottawa, Montreal, Halifax, London, Winnipeg, Calgary, Victoria, Vancouver, Kelowna, Edmonton, and Red Deer.[46] London was added mid-tour because of popular demand.[47] The London performances were hosted by Men Against Sexual Trafficking and the London Anti-Human Trafficking Committee.[48] The final performances of the tour were conducted at the Scott Block Theatre in Red Deer from October 2 to 6.[49] After the Saturday matinée in each city, a panel discussion was held with both the audience and anyone else who wanted to attend, the purpose being to raise awareness about human trafficking in Canada and elsewhere.[50] The final talkback panel in Red Deer was attended by about 70 people.[40]

A Better World partnered with Raise Their Voice to raise funds throughout the tour to help women and children who had been trafficked in Thailand as part of the country's prostitution industry.[51] Kooman stated that he had "a 'pinch me' sort of feeling that [the 2012 tour] has happened, and that there is interest beyond this tour".[52] Cynthia Foster, who attended one of the performances during the tour, went on to produce and direct the first school production, with students at Strathcona Christian Academy Secondary School acting in two performances at La Cite in Edmonton in November 2014. Kooman was scheduled to facilitate a discussion about sex trafficking with the audience after each performance.[53]

Performances in the United States

[edit]

The first performances of She Has a Name in the United States were produced by FreeFall Stage in a rented space at Victory Life Church in Folsom, California in 2014 under the direction of Emma Eldridge, who was a 23-year-old college student at the time.[54] She and her sister had become passionate about the issue of human trafficking as a result of their involvement with the organization Run for Courage, and the two sisters considered writing a play about human trafficking in the United States. Because they were both college students, they did not find the time to write a play, so in 2013, their mother, Deedee Eldridge, began looking for a human-trafficking-related play that had already been written and she discovered She Has a Name.[55] It was the only play she was able to find on the subject of human trafficking. Emma Eldridge later said of She Has a Name, "I've never read something and been so compelled to do it."[56] The family decided to stage the play, and Deedee Eldridge served as producer and executive director.[55] To have the rights to produce the play, FreeFall Stage made a special arrangement with the Playwrights Guild of Canada.[57]

For these initial performances in 2014, the characters of Jason and the pimp were portrayed by different actors; Chris Quandt portrayed Jason and Arturo Gonzalez portrayed the pimp.[58] The role of Number 18 was taken on by Supatchaya "Jazz" Sunpanich, who was born in Thailand. Emma Eldridge attested to crying at the first rehearsal as a result of being moved by the intensity of Sunpanich's performance.[56] In these performances, Ali was portrayed by Brianna Flynn and Adison Kingsley, Marta by Marybeth Moore and Janine Romney, and Mama by Sara Matsui-Colby. The voices were separately portrayed by Caitlyn Wardell, Bonnie Antignani, and Jeannette Baisch.[58] These performances were staged in partnership with Run for Courage, which had representatives at each performance.[55] Performances were scheduled to run from May 2 to June 22.[56]

FreeFall Stage discouraged people under the age of fifteen from attending because of the subject matter of the play, but encouraged older teenagers to attend because teenagers are at the greatest risk of being trafficked.[57] Several human trafficking survivors attended the performances, and other survivors sent the Eldridges messages about their personal experiences with human trafficking. Quandt said that he encountered many audience members who, because of watching the play, became determined to do something to combat human trafficking.[56]

Film

[edit]
Main article: She Has a Name (film)

By February 2012, Kooman was working on a screenplay version of She Has a Name.[30] The idea of a stage-to-film adaptation of She Has a Name was also independently suggested by Pat Donnelly of the Montreal Gazette.[59] In 2014, Kooman and his younger brothers, Daniel and Matthew, scouted locations in Cambodia in preparation for the film.[60]

Themes

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A photograph of a man with blue-green eyes looking at the viewer, smiling, and wearing a brown shirt all in front of a sheet of black material
Stephen Waldschmidt said that the sympathetic portrayal of the perpetrators prevents the play from becoming simplistic.

Kooman made justice the focus of She Has a Name;[61] the social issues that interest him include poverty, the HIV/AIDS epidemic, and the effects of war.[52] The central issues in She Has a Name are gender-based.[38] The general topic of the play is human trafficking—specifically the trafficking of children into sexual slavery.[62] Kooman has stated that She Has a Name "suggests that justice can only be realized if real people know, care and take informed and decisive action."[63] The victimized child in the play is known only by the number 18 to reflect that traffickers often dehumanize their victims by giving them a new name or simply a number, which in some cases is branded onto the victim's body.[48] After his rape of Number 18, the pimp leaves the situation without adverse effect, but Number 18 is left bleeding from her crotch and mouth.[64] The play invites viewers to feel sympathetic towards Number 18, and, although the world of human trafficking is depicted as horrific and ugly, both the victims and perpetrators of human trafficking are portrayed as relatable characters, suggesting that every individual has inherent value and dignity.[65] In an interview with The Calgary Journal prior to the 2012 tour, Waldschmidt said that the sympathetic portrayal of the perpetrators prevents the play from becoming a simplistic story of good and evil.[12] According to Liz Nicholls of the Edmonton Journal, Number 18 is a nuanced character, better-developed than the stock damsel in distress.[45]

A photograph of a man wearing a dress shirt and blue jeans standing and leaning on a table opposite a blonde woman in a green dress
To depict the tension between Jason and Ali, the two communicate via Skype, which is represented on stage by two laptops that are set up back-to-back.

Kooman said that the massive proportions of human trafficking often prevent people from dealing with it; he therefore chose to portray a single trafficked victim in the play so that audiences could approach the subject on a more workable level.[4] He hoped that audiences would avoid getting stuck in the statistics of human trafficking and would connect with a personal story.[41] The two questions that propel the story are: "Can [Jason] convince [Number 18] to risk her life to testify for the sake of justice?" and "Can he save her from the unthinkable circumstances?"[5] Jason is weary and, although he never falls into self-pity, he comes to hate himself for his inability to save Number 18 from her slavery because he lacks the evidence he requires for his case to be successful in court.[66]

Much of the play is concerned with demonstrating the immensity of the difficulties that face Jason in trying to rescue Number 18.[45] For example, he finds it difficult to be away from his wife, and struggles with the decision of whether to continue his work or return to Canada.[67] To depict this tension, Jason and Ali communicate via Skype, represented on stage by two laptop computers placed back-to-back with Jason and Ali standing on either side facing one another. The two argue, but their interactions demonstrate the kind of love that Number 18 can only dream of.[64] In the 2012 cross-Canada tour, a torn picture of Number 18's family remained on stage as scenery to emphasize what the character has lost. This picture took the form of a painted curtain held over a geometric floor pattern and depicted the family as tired, poor, and living in a shack.[68] Lana Michelin of the Red Deer Advocate said the most emotionally gripping scene was the one in which the voices cause Number 18 to recall the face of her dead father.[37] Anna Borowiecki of the St. Albert Gazette called the play a story of "fallible people who find strength in each other under the worst conditions."[64]

A photograph of a man wearing a blue dress shirt and blue jeans and looking into the eyes of a woman wearing a brown shirt and a blue jean skirt
Aaron Krogman portrayed both Jason and the pimp in the premiere, and stated that "both characters are struggling with power and how they use it."

Denise Wong, the Calgarian actor who portrayed Number 18 in the premiere, said that the play was about the human condition.[69] Evelyn Chew, the Vancouverite actor who took over the role for the 2012 tour, said that the play is intense because it unabashedly deals with human trafficking, and that builds in intensity to its climax.[70] Sienna Howell-Holden, who played Mama in the premiere and the 2012 tour, said that many audience members had not been previously familiar with 21st-century human trafficking.[22][71] The character of Mama calls attention to the fact that poverty in the Third World fuels sex trafficking.[37] Stephen Waldschmidt said he hoped that the play will educate Canadians about human trafficking and motivate them to act on what they learn, thereby turning them into anti-sexual slavery activists.[72] He also said he hoped that the play will put a face on the million women and children sold into sexual slavery each year worldwide.[73] Because of the play's heavy themes, producers of the first performances issued an advisory for parents.[26] Waldschmidt also stressed the amount of action in the play and said that, if the play was a film, it would receive a PG-13 rating and would be billed a thriller.[74] He also said it was difficult to stage a play that is inherently sexual and extremely violent in nature without making it feel pornographic.[30] Waldschmidt said that he wanted to stage She Has a Name partially to show how horrible human trafficking is and partially because the play is so theatrically gripping.[4]

The Country Sunrise News stated that the drama has a fast pace.[24] Mallory Clarkson of the London Community News reported that, while She Has a Name is an emotional play, there are lighter moments where audience members can laugh.[48] Similarly, Lana Michelin of the Red Deer Advocate asserted that the play's sporadic humorous points maintain the audience's engagement with the story so they do not become numb to the play's emotional pulls.[4] Kooman stated that he tried to write the play in a way that would shock audiences without disturbing them to the point that they would not recommend it to friends.[36]

Marlo Campbell, a writer for Uptown, said that the play critiques masculine egotism and Western heroism through the character of Jason.[75] Lana Michelin of the Red Deer Advocate disagreed, stating that Jason never lapses into self-importance.[37] Aaron Krogman, who portrayed Jason and the pimp in the play's premiere, said, "there is a thin line between Jason and the pimp ... both characters are struggling with power and how they use it."[21] Waldschmidt stated that the doubling of this role is intended to remind audiences that there are Canadians who are perpetrators of human trafficking and that it "is not just somebody else's problem over there ... but that it's us, and it's in our country and in our backyard and in our suburbs".[76] Jason has in this way been considered an everyman.[77] Chris Quandt, who portrayed Jason at the United States premiere, said that he and his fellow cast members greatly appreciated the fact that Kooman incorporated into the play the facts that taking down one brothel often leaves space for another brothel to be established soon afterwards, and that child sex tourism exists because there is a demand for it.[56]

One Canadian critic said that the play's Bangkok setting allows Canadians to easily dissociate from the issue.[78] Liz Nicholls of the Edmonton Journal wrote that the pimp character "represents the ruthless spirit of pure human greed."[45] Stephen Pederson of The Chronicle Herald called the play a combination of idealism, realism, and lyricism.[68] Dustin Wiebe of the Mennonite Brethren Herald wrote that the play shows "the darker side of man's desire for control" by presenting Number 18 as having been stripped of her humanity.[78] The disaster that concludes the play is foreshadowed throughout.[79] The play both starts and ends with a depiction of the reality of contemporary slavery.[80]

Critical reception

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Professional ratings
Review scores
SourceRating
Calgary Herald[81]
Calgary Sun[82]
Canadian Broadcasting Corporation[79]
The Charlebois Post[83]
CFEQ-FM[84]
The Folsom Telegraph[58]
Times Colonist[85]
Uptown[75]
Winnipeg Free Press[80]

Critical response to She Has a Name began with initial readings of the play at the 2009 Scripts At Work workshop, where the script was given the Scripts At Work/Alberta Playwrights Network Award.[86] The play has since become very successful and was endorsed by Canadian activists including MP Joy Smith, Ratanak International's Brian McConaghy, and IJM Canada's Jamie McIntosh.[87] Lara Quarterman, director of the Calgary chapter of ACT Alberta, said she was concerned that She Has a Name suggests that human trafficking is limited to the sex trafficking of women and children in Thailand, but there is sexual-slavery-related human trafficking in Canada, and there is also human trafficking for the purposes of unfree labour.[28] The chorus of dead human-trafficking victims has generally received negative reviews; one critic called it "the play's least successful device".[45] Adrian Chamberlain of the Victoria Times Colonist criticised some of the script, charging that there were "implausible plot twists" and other "fundamental flaws", but concluded that it was well-intentioned and ambitious and "has its heart in the right place."[85]

The play's premiere and initial run were mostly critically acclaimed. The religious community's reviews of the initial run were also positive.[32] After the first performances in 2011, Louis Hobson of the Calgary Sun said the character of Marta was an unrealistic caricature and didn't "ring true" because of how she was written.[82] The character underwent a series of rewrites to make her more well-rounded and kind before the 2012 cross-Canada tour.[88] In the 2012 tour, the play was performed in several fringe theatre festivals, at which critics representing the Montreal Gazette, the Winnipeg Free Press, and CFEQ-FM said it stood out for its quality and moral content.[89] The writing was praised by one critic from the Victoria News, who wrote that the play demonstrates that Kooman has a "gift for creating powerful, believable dialogue that can draw an audience in",[90] but criticised by Chamberlain of the Times Colonist, who attested to "melodramatic—and just plain bad—cop-show dialogue".[85] Liz Nicholls of the Edmonton Journal called the performances compelling.[45] Karen Nelson, also of the Edmonton Journal, called the play "sobering" in such a way that she was caused "to wonder what [she] could do about this global epidemic of abuse of children, women and the disenfranchised."[91]

During the 2012 tour, Kooman was awarded the Outstanding Alumnus Provincial Award Celebrating Excellence by the Alberta Association of Colleges & Technical Institutes and the Alberta Ministry of Enterprise.[92] At the St-Ambroise Montreal Fringe Festival, She Has a Name was nominated for the 2012 Centaur Theatre Award for Best Anglophone Production.[93] At the Victoria Fringe Theatre Festival, She Has a Name was selected for a "Pick of the Fringe" award.[94] Later in the 2012 tour, Sienna Howell-Holden won a Spirit of the Fringe Award at the Vancouver Fringe Festival for her portrayal of Mama.[95]

When the play was staged in California in 2014, Gerry Camp of The Folsom Telegraph said that he had "never been more emotionally drained than ... after seeing the riveting opening night performance."[58] He praised all of the actors' performances, and particularly those of Quandt and Sunpanich.[58] "If you truly love theater, you must see this play," he concluded. "And I promise you, it is a play you will carry with you long after the lights have gone up."[58]

References

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  1. ^ For Kooman's nationality and home province, see Lana Michelin (February 25, 2011). "Play personalizes an industry that strips away identity". Red Deer Advocate. Archived from the original on April 9, 2016. Retrieved July 22, 2012.
    • For the fact that She Has a Name was Kooman's first full-length play, see Pat Donnelly (June 15, 2012). "Fringe 2012: Alberta group's play explores human trafficking". Montreal Gazette. p. C5.
  2. ^ For the date that Kooman started writing the play, see Mark Weber (September 26, 2012). "Acclaimed local playwright wraps successful tour". Red Deer Express. Archived from the original on November 17, 2016. Retrieved September 30, 2012.
  3. ^ a b Kathleen Renne (February 27, 2011). "February 27, 2011". Edmonton: CKUA Radio Network. Archived from the original on August 28, 2011. Retrieved July 30, 2012.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Lana Michelin (February 25, 2011). "Play personalizes an industry that strips away identity". Red Deer Advocate. Archived from the original on April 9, 2016. Retrieved July 22, 2012.
  5. ^ a b "PGC's Q&A with Andrew Kooman – Fringe Edition". Playwrights Guild of Canada. September 10, 2012. Archived from the original on November 15, 2013. Retrieved September 11, 2012.
  6. ^ For Kooman's first introduction to human trafficking, see Elissa Barnard (June 27, 2012). "Trafficked kids given identity: She Has a Name tells the story of child prostitute". The Chronicle Herald. Halifax. Retrieved July 24, 2012.
    • For the location of Kooman's YWAM work, see Pat Donnelly (June 15, 2012). "Fringe 2012: Alberta group's play explores human trafficking". Montreal Gazette. p. C5.
  7. ^ Kathleen Renne (February 22, 2011). "Tuesday, February 22, 2011". Edmonton: CKUA Radio Network. Archived from the original on August 28, 2011. Retrieved July 22, 2012.
  8. ^ Aspen Gainer (September 27, 2012). "Play about human trafficking, written by Albertan, comes to Edmonton". Edmonton Examiner. Archived from the original on December 19, 2014. Retrieved September 28, 2012.
  9. ^ For the time of Kooman's reading about the incident, see "She Has a Name". Victoria: CFUV-FM. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
  10. ^ For the time of the truck's discovery, see Joe Belanger (July 10, 2012). "Innocent victims at risk: Canadian play based on real-life human trafficking event". London Free Press. Archived from the original on November 4, 2016. Retrieved July 25, 2012.
  11. ^ For Kooman's identification of the Ranong human-trafficking incident with child prostitution, see Stephen Hunt (August 4, 2012). "Fringe Review: She Has a Name". Calgary Herald. Archived from the original on October 30, 2013. Retrieved August 6, 2012.
    • For Kooman's appropriation of the Ranong human-trafficking incident for the play's backstory, see Pauline Anunciacion (February 16, 2012). "She Has a Name and a story, too: Theatre performance tours Canada to raise awareness about human trafficking in Southeast Asia". Gauntlet. Vol. 52, no. 30. Calgary. p. 8.
  12. ^ a b c James Wilt (February 4, 2011). "Human trafficking portrayed through local theatre project: World premiere of 'She Has A Name' in Calgary on Feb. 23". The Calgary Journal. Archived from the original on December 13, 2014. Retrieved August 14, 2012.
  13. ^ For Waldschmidt's position and request, see Pat Donnelly (June 15, 2012). "Fringe 2012: Alberta group's play explores human trafficking". Montreal Gazette. p. C5.
  14. ^ For the shorter performance time, see Lisa Barrett (September 8, 2012). "She Has A Name". Plank Magazine. Vancouver. Retrieved September 19, 2012.
  15. ^ For the number of characters and the number of actors, see Krista Sylvester (February 17, 2011). "They all have a name". Fast Forward Weekly. Calgary. Archived from the original on August 28, 2011. Retrieved July 21, 2012.
  16. ^ Louis Hobson (May 4, 2012). "Actor makes Name in trafficking play". Calgary Sun. Archived from the original on December 6, 2012. Retrieved July 30, 2012.
  17. ^ For the assertion that the voices are angels, see "Winnipeg Fringe Theatre Festival 2012 reviews". Uptown. Winnipeg. July 21, 2012. Retrieved July 28, 2012.
  18. ^ For Waldschmidt's directoral role, see Sara Wilson (January 12, 2011). "Local director shines light on global crisis". The Strathmore Standard. Retrieved March 16, 2013.
  19. ^ For the casting of Krogman, Howell-Holden, and Warkentin, see Louis Hobson (February 24, 2011). "Calgary's She Has a Name a 'heart-wrenching' hit". Calgary Sun. Archived from the original on June 27, 2017. Retrieved July 22, 2012.
  20. ^ Al Beeber (May 11, 2012). "She has a name". Lethbridge Herald.
  21. ^ a b Sara Wilson (February 22, 2011). "Local church hosts world-class rehersals (sic)". The Strathmore Standard. Retrieved March 16, 2013.
  22. ^ a b "She Has a Name". Victoria: CFUV-FM. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
  23. ^ "Event: She Has a Name (Fringe)". The Charlebois Post. June 12, 2012. Retrieved July 24, 2012.
  24. ^ a b c "Locally Grown Play She Has a Name". Country Sunrise News. Vol. 15, no. 3. Red Deer. April 2012. p. 1.
  25. ^ For Smith's electoral district, see "Burnt Thicket Theatre presents She Has A Name by Andrew Kooman". Winnipeg Free Press. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
  26. ^ a b Sara Wilson (January 12, 2011). "Local director shines light on global crisis". The Strathmore Standard. Retrieved March 16, 2013.
  27. ^ For the location of the performances, see Kevin Rushworth (January 19, 2011). "Raise the curtain on a new year of theatre". Calgary: The Reflector. Retrieved July 21, 2012.
  28. ^ a b c Shannon LeClair (March 18, 2011). "She has a name". Strathmore Times. Archived from the original on October 29, 2013. Retrieved July 23, 2012.
  29. ^ "Human Trafficking – Joy's HT Updates – February 2011 Update". Joy Smith. 2011. Archived from the original on July 22, 2011. Retrieved November 11, 2012.
  30. ^ a b c d Pauline Anunciacion (February 16, 2012). "She Has a Name and a story, too: Theatre performance tours Canada to raise awareness about human trafficking in Southeast Asia". Gauntlet. Vol. 52, no. 30. Calgary. p. 8.
  31. ^ a b "Play exposes realities of human trafficking". International Justice Mission. May 30, 2012. Archived from the original on December 13, 2014. Retrieved July 27, 2012.
  32. ^ a b c Natalie Faith (June 27, 2012). She Has a Name. Burlington: 100 Huntley Street. Archived from the original on December 13, 2014. Retrieved July 30, 2012.
  33. ^ For the time of Kooman's revision of the script, see Richard Amery (May 18, 2012). "Glenda Warkentin returns home to perform She Has A Name". L.A. Beat. Lethbridge. Retrieved July 27, 2012.
  34. ^ For the description of Marta's interactions with Jason in the two versions of the play, see Lara Michelin (September 24, 2012). "Powerful play returning home". Red Deer Advocate. Retrieved January 16, 2013.(subscription required)
  35. ^ For the changes in Ali's character, see Lana Michelin (October 4, 2012). "She Has a Name returns with more emotional punch". Red Deer Advocate. Retrieved January 16, 2013.(subscription required)
  36. ^ a b Lana Michelin (May 15, 2012). "Playwright tells story of human trafficking". Red Deer Advocate. Retrieved January 16, 2013.(subscription required)
  37. ^ a b c d Lana Michelin (October 4, 2012). "She Has a Name returns with more emotional punch". Red Deer Advocate. Retrieved January 16, 2013.(subscription required)
  38. ^ a b Pat Donnelly (June 15, 2012). "Fringe 2012: Alberta group's play explores human trafficking". Montreal Gazette. p. C5.
  39. ^ James Wilt (October 18, 2011). "Ride for Refuge bike ride raises money to end sex trafficking: Organizer says event exceeded expectations". The Calgary Journal. Archived from the original on October 21, 2011. Retrieved July 26, 2012.
  40. ^ a b Paul Cowley (October 9, 2012). "'Power of hope' helps save child from sexual exploitation". Red Deer Advocate. Retrieved January 16, 2013.(subscription required)
  41. ^ a b Rachael Frey (August 10, 2011). "Conference Aims To Expose The Realities Of Human Trafficking: Justice Tapestry Using Art To Inspire An End To Exploitation". The Anchor Weekly. Chestermere. Archived from the original on November 5, 2013. Retrieved July 23, 2012.
  42. ^ "Human Trafficking: She Has a Name". Calgary: Mount Royal University. February 16, 2012. Retrieved December 12, 2014.
  43. ^ Bob Clark; Stephen Hunt (August 2, 2012). "Fringe Picks: Eight shows that caught our attention". Calgary Herald. Retrieved March 18, 2013.(subscription required)
  44. ^ For the production information, see "She Has a Name to tour Canada". Calgary Herald. April 6, 2012. p. C1.
  45. ^ a b c d e f Liz Nicholls (September 26, 2012). "Theatre review: Performances outshine writing in vivid activist play". Edmonton Journal. Retrieved March 18, 2013.(subscription required)
  46. ^ For the first five performance locations, see "She Has a Name to tour Canada". Calgary Herald. April 6, 2012. p. C1.
  47. ^ Joe Belanger (July 10, 2012). "Innocent victims at risk: Canadian play based on real-life human trafficking event". London Free Press. Archived from the original on November 4, 2016. Retrieved July 25, 2012.
  48. ^ a b c Mallory Clarkson (July 11, 2012). "Sex trafficking highlighted in She Has a Name, playing July 12–13 at the Aeolian". London Community News. Archived from the original on December 8, 2012. Retrieved July 26, 2012.
  49. ^ "Support Magdalene House". Red Deer Express. August 15, 2012. Retrieved August 23, 2012.
  50. ^ For the time of the panel discussions, see Shannon LeClair (April 20, 2012). "She Has a Name returns". Strathmore Times. Archived from the original on December 10, 2013. Retrieved July 30, 2012.
  51. ^ Susan Zielinski (September 21, 2012). "Groups helping sex trade victims". Red Deer Advocate. Retrieved January 16, 2013.(subscription required)
  52. ^ a b Mark Weber (September 26, 2012). "Acclaimed local playwright wraps successful tour". Red Deer Express. Archived from the original on November 17, 2016. Retrieved September 30, 2012.
  53. ^ Megan Voss (November 20, 2014). "School play talks human rights". Sherwood Park News. Retrieved December 13, 2014.
  54. ^ For the statement that these were the first performances in the country, see Folsom theatre tackles human trafficking epidemic. Sacramento, California: KXTV. May 17, 2014. Retrieved December 13, 2014.[permanent dead link‍]
  55. ^ a b c Folsom theatre tackles human trafficking epidemic. Sacramento, California: KXTV. May 17, 2014. Retrieved December 13, 2014.[permanent dead link‍]
  56. ^ a b c d e Beth Ruyak (June 3, 2014). "She Has a Name". Sacramento, California: KXJZ. Retrieved December 13, 2014.
  57. ^ a b Jessica Laskey (May 14, 2014). "She Has a Name". Sacramento. Retrieved December 13, 2014.
  58. ^ a b c d e f Gerry Camp (May 6, 2014). "Play casts light on shadows of human trafficking". The Folsom Telegraph. Retrieved December 13, 2014.
  59. ^ Pat Donnelly (June 17, 2012). "Montreal Fringe Festival: No Fixed Abode, She Has a Name, The Harvester". Montreal Gazette. Retrieved July 31, 2012.
  60. ^ Laurette Woodward (Summer 2014). "Andrew Kooman: Storyteller, visionary, activist". Red Deer Living. p. 13. Archived from the original on December 14, 2014. Retrieved December 13, 2014.
  61. ^ Lani Ledingham (October 2010). "living an 'Ah Ha' moment". Red Deer College Notebook. Retrieved July 21, 2012.
  62. ^ For the general topic of the play, see Sara Wilson (January 12, 2011). "Local director shines light on global crisis". The Strathmore Standard. Retrieved March 16, 2013.
  63. ^ Krista Sylvester (February 17, 2011). "They all have a name". Fast Forward Weekly. Calgary. Archived from the original on August 28, 2011. Retrieved July 21, 2012.
  64. ^ a b c Anna Borowiecki (September 27, 2012). "Humanity's ugliness exposed in She Has A Name: Show about sex trade is gut-wrenching, disturbing". St. Albert Gazette. Retrieved October 1, 2012.
  65. ^ For the way that the play invites viewers to feel towards Number 18, see "Moving play, She Has a Name, comes with a message". Victoria News. February 16, 2012. Archived from the original on December 11, 2013. Retrieved July 26, 2012.
    • For the play's depiction of human trafficking, see Kathleen Renne (February 22, 2011). "Tuesday, February 22, 2011". Edmonton: CKUA Radio Network. Archived from the original on August 28, 2011. Retrieved July 22, 2012.
    • For the play's portrayal of human trafficking victims and perpetrators, see Krista Sylvester (February 17, 2011). "They all have a name". Fast Forward Weekly. Calgary. Archived from the original on August 28, 2011. Retrieved July 21, 2012.
    • For what the play suggests about individuals' value and dignity, see Pauline Anunciacion (February 16, 2012). "She Has a Name and a story, too: Theatre performance tours Canada to raise awareness about human trafficking in Southeast Asia". Gauntlet. Vol. 52, no. 30. Calgary. p. 8.
  66. ^ For Jason's weariness and self-hatred, see Louis Hobson (February 24, 2011). "Calgary's She Has a Name a 'heart-wrenching' hit". Calgary Sun. Archived from the original on June 27, 2017. Retrieved July 22, 2012.
  67. ^ Amanda McCuaig (September 11, 2012). "She Has a Name leaves you breathless: Play on human trafficking touches without playing the guilt card". Art Threat. Canada Council. Retrieved September 18, 2012.
  68. ^ a b Stephen Pedersen (July 5, 2012). "Preachy tone blunts power of She Has a Name". The Chronicle Herald. Halifax. Retrieved August 1, 2012.
  69. ^ For Wong's connection to the play, see Lana Michelin (February 25, 2011). "Play personalizes an industry that strips away identity". Red Deer Advocate. Archived from the original on April 9, 2016. Retrieved July 22, 2012.
  70. ^ Elissa Barnard (June 27, 2012). "Trafficked kids given identity: She Has a Name tells the story of child prostitute". The Chronicle Herald. Halifax. Retrieved July 24, 2012.
  71. ^ "Where is God at the Fringe?". Winnipeg: CFEQ-FM. July 19, 2012.
  72. ^ For Waldschmidt's comment about education and motivation, see Sara Wilson (January 12, 2011). "Local director shines light on global crisis". The Strathmore Standard. Retrieved March 16, 2013.
    • For Waldschmidt's comment about so-called "contemporary abolitionism," see Shannon LeClair (April 20, 2012). "She Has a Name returns". Strathmore Times. Archived from the original on December 10, 2013. Retrieved July 30, 2012.
  73. ^ Stephanie Froese (April 21, 2012). "She Has a Name puts face to sexual slavery in Saskatoon". Saskatoon: CKOM. Retrieved July 27, 2012.
  74. ^ For Waldschmidt's comment about action, see Shannon LeClair (April 20, 2012). "She Has a Name returns". Strathmore Times. Archived from the original on December 10, 2013. Retrieved July 30, 2012.
  75. ^ a b "Winnipeg Fringe Theatre Festival 2012 reviews". Uptown. Winnipeg. July 21, 2012. Retrieved July 28, 2012.
  76. ^ For Waldschmidt's comment about Canadian perpetrators of human trafficking, see James Wilt (February 4, 2011). "Human trafficking portrayed through local theatre project: World premiere of 'She Has A Name' in Calgary on Feb. 23". The Calgary Journal. Archived from the original on December 13, 2014. Retrieved August 14, 2012.
  77. ^ Lisa Barrett (September 8, 2012). "She Has A Name". Plank Magazine. Vancouver. Retrieved September 19, 2012.
  78. ^ a b Dustin Wiebe. "A unsettling look into human trafficking: She Has a Name". Mennonite Brethren Herald. Archived from the original on September 27, 2012. Retrieved September 20, 2012.
  79. ^ a b Anna Lazowski (July 21, 2012). "She Has a Name". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Archived from the original on July 23, 2012. Retrieved July 28, 2012.
  80. ^ a b Kevin Prokosh (July 17, 2012). "She Has a Name". Winnipeg Free Press. Archived from the original on August 3, 2012. Retrieved July 28, 2012.
  81. ^ Stephen Hunt (August 4, 2012). "Fringe Review: She Has a Name". Calgary Herald. Archived from the original on October 30, 2013. Retrieved August 6, 2012.
  82. ^ a b Louis Hobson (February 24, 2011). "Calgary's She Has a Name a 'heart-wrenching' hit". Calgary Sun. Archived from the original on June 27, 2017. Retrieved July 22, 2012.
  83. ^ Estelle Rosen (June 16, 2012). "Review: She Has a Name (Fringe)". The Charlebois Post. Retrieved July 30, 2012.
  84. ^ Kyle Rudge. "Fringe Festival 2012 Reviews". Winnipeg: CFEQ-FM. Retrieved February 18, 2013.
  85. ^ a b c Adrian Chamberlain (August 26, 2012). "Fringe review: She Has a Name inspired by true story". Times Colonist. Victoria. Retrieved September 11, 2012.
  86. ^ Mark Weber (December 9, 2009). "Local author unveils adventurous and original tale". Red Deer Express. p. 14.
  87. ^ For the subsequent success of the play, see Mark Weber (September 26, 2012). "Acclaimed local playwright wraps successful tour". Red Deer Express. Archived from the original on November 17, 2016. Retrieved September 30, 2012.
  88. ^ Richard Amery (May 18, 2012). "Glenda Warkentin returns home to perform She Has A Name". L.A. Beat. Lethbridge. Retrieved July 27, 2012.
  89. ^ For the Gazette review, see Pat Donnelly (June 17, 2012). "Montreal Fringe Festival: No Fixed Abode, She Has a Name, The Harvester". Montreal Gazette. Retrieved July 31, 2012.
    • For the Winnipeg Free Press review, see Kevin Prokosh (July 17, 2012). "She Has a Name". Winnipeg Free Press. Archived from the original on August 3, 2012. Retrieved July 28, 2012.
    • For the CFEQ-FM review, see "Where is God at the Fringe?". Winnipeg: CFEQ-FM. July 19, 2012.
  90. ^ "Moving play, She Has a Name, comes with a message". Victoria News. February 16, 2012. Archived from the original on December 11, 2013. Retrieved July 26, 2012.
  91. ^ Karen Nelson (September 28, 2012). "Play exposes global sex trade". Edmonton Journal. Retrieved October 3, 2012.
  92. ^ "Kooman receives provincial alumnus award". Red Deer Advocate. June 16, 2012. p. C2.
  93. ^ Pat Donnelly (June 24, 2012). "Fringe Festival 2012: And the winners of the Frankie awards are ..." Montreal Gazette. Retrieved August 1, 2012.
  94. ^ "Pick of the Fringe!". Victoria Fringe Theatre Festival. September 3, 2012. Archived from the original on November 23, 2012. Retrieved September 11, 2012.
  95. ^ Lara Michelin (September 24, 2012). "Powerful play returning home". Red Deer Advocate. Retrieved January 16, 2013.(subscription required)
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