2,4-Diaminobutyric acid

2,4-Diaminobutyric acid
Names
	IUPAC name 2,4-diaminobutanoic acid
	Other names α,γ-diaminobutanoic acid
Identifiers
CAS Number	305-62-4 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:64307;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL307931;
ChemSpider	457;
EC Number	206-166-2;
PubChem CID	470;
UNII	92V7KM11ZK;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID20938710 ;
	InChI Key: OGNSCSPNOLGXSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N; InChI=1S/C4H10N2O2/c5-2-1-3(6)4(7)8/h3H,1-2,5-6H2,(H,7,8);
	SMILES C(CN)C(C(=O)O)N;
Properties
Chemical formula	C4H10N2O2
Molar mass	118.136 g·mol−1
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

2,4-Diaminobutyric acid, also known as DABA, is GABA-T non-competitive inhibitor and a GABA reuptake inhibitor.

Mechanism of action

DABA's main action is being an inhibitor of GABA transaminase, an enzyme that converts GABA back to glutamate. When the enzyme is inhibited, this conversion cannot happen, therefore, GABA levels are elevated.^[1]

It has also been observed that 2,4-diaminobutyric acid is a GABA reuptake inhibitor.^[2] This action further elevates levels of GABA.

Toxicity

In addition to being a neurotoxin, DABA can also cause liver damage.

Its potential as an anticonvulsant is unclear, it has been shown to have anticonvulsant properties against picrotoxin, but over the long term, it could paradoxically cause convulsions.^[2]^[3]

References

^ Beart PM, Bilal K (July 1977). "l-2,4-Diaminobutyric acid and the GABA system". Neuroscience Letters. 5 (3–4): 193–198. doi:10.1016/0304-3940(77)90046-5. PMID 19604993. S2CID 34289803.
^ ^a ^b Taberner PV, Pycock CJ (1981). "The Effects of GABA Uptake Inhibitors including 2, 4-Diaminobutyric Acid on GABA Metabolism in vivo". In Pycock CJ, Taberner PV (eds.). Central Neurotransmitter Turnover. pp. 177–182. doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-9778-0_12. ISBN 978-1-4615-9780-3.
^ O'Neal RM, Chen CH, Reynolds CS, Meghal SK, Koeppe RE (February 1968). "The 'neurotoxicity' of L-2,4-diaminobutyric acid". The Biochemical Journal. 106 (3): 699–706. doi:10.1042/bj1060699. PMC 1198561. PMID 5639925.

[1] Beart PM, Bilal K (July 1977). "l-2,4-Diaminobutyric acid and the GABA system". Neuroscience Letters. 5 (3–4): 193–198. doi:10.1016/0304-3940(77)90046-5. PMID 19604993. S2CID 34289803.

[:0-2] Taberner PV, Pycock CJ (1981). "The Effects of GABA Uptake Inhibitors including 2, 4-Diaminobutyric Acid on GABA Metabolism in vivo". In Pycock CJ, Taberner PV (eds.). Central Neurotransmitter Turnover. pp. 177–182. doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-9778-0_12. ISBN 978-1-4615-9780-3.

[3] O'Neal RM, Chen CH, Reynolds CS, Meghal SK, Koeppe RE (February 1968). "The 'neurotoxicity' of L-2,4-diaminobutyric acid". The Biochemical Journal. 106 (3): 699–706. doi:10.1042/bj1060699. PMC 1198561. PMID 5639925.

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