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1991 Giro d'Italia

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1991 Giro d'Italia
Race details
Dates26 May — 16 June 1991
Stages21, including one split stage
Distance3,715 km (2,308 mi)
Winning time99h 35' 43"
Results
Winner  Franco Chioccioli (ITA) (Del Tongo-MG Boys Maglificio)
  Second  Claudio Chiappucci (ITA) (Carrera Jeans–Tassoni)
  Third  Massimiliano Lelli (ITA) (Ari-Ceramiche Ariostea)
Points  Claudio Chiappucci (ITA) (Carrera Jeans–Tassoni)
Mountains  Iñaki Gastón (ESP) (CLAS–Cajastur)
Youth  Massimiliano Lelli (ITA) (Ari-Ceramiche Ariostea)
Intergiro  Alberto Leanizbarrutia (ESP) (CLAS–Cajastur)
  Team Carrera Jeans–Tassoni
← 1990
1992 →

The 1991 Giro d'Italia was the 74th edition of the race. It began on May 26 with a mass-start stage that began and ended in the Italian city of Olbia. The race came to a close in Milan on June 16. Twenty teams entered the race, which was won by the Italian Franco Chioccioli of the Del Tongo-MG Boys Maglificio team. Second and third respectively were the Italians Claudio Chiappucci and Massimiliano Lelli.

The race was first led by Frenchman Philippe Casado who won the first stage into Olbia. Casado lost the race leader's maglia rosa (English: pink jersey) after stage 2a that contained a mountainous course. Éric Boyer took the race lead from Chioccioli after winning the event's fourth stage. However, he lost the lead back to Chioccioli the following day. Chioccioli protected his lead and built upon his advantage by winning three stages of the race before the race's finish.

In the race's other classifications, Massimiliano Lelli of the Ari-Ceramiche Ariostea team finished as the best rider aged 25 or under in the general classification, finishing in third place overall; Carrera Jeans–Tassoni rider Claudio Chiappucci won the points classification, Iñaki Gastón of the CLAS–Cajastur team won the mountains classification, and CLAS–Cajastur rider Alberto Leanizbarrutia won the intergiro classification. Carrera Jeans-Tassoni finished as the winners of the team classification.

Teams

[edit]
For a more comprehensive list, see List of teams and cyclists in the 1991 Giro d'Italia.

Twenty teams were invited by the race organizers to participate in the 1991 edition of the Giro d'Italia, ten of which were based outside of Italy.[1] Each team sent a squad of nine riders, which meant that the race started with a peloton of 180 cyclists.[1] Italy (84), Spain (30), and France (18) all had more than 10 riders.[2] Of these, 76 were riding the Giro d'Italia for the first time.[3] The average age of riders was 27.03 years,[4] ranging from 22–year–old Eleuterio Anguita (Seur–Otero) to 36–year–old Gilbert Duclos-Lassalle (Z).[5] The team with the youngest average rider age was ZG Mobili–Bottecchia (25), while the oldest was Z (28).[6] The presentation of the teams – where each team's roster and manager were introduced in front the media and local dignitaries – took place on 25 May.[7] From the riders that began the race, 133 made it to the finish in Milan.[8]

The teams entering the race were:[1][9]

Pre-race favorites

[edit]

The starting peloton did include the previous year's winner Gianni Bugno.[10] Claudio Chiappucci was believed to be in great form coming into the race.[10] According to Paolo Viberti of El País, Bugno came in as the odds on favorite to win the race.[10] Going into the race, it was widely believed that the winner would be either Chiappucci or Bugno.[11][12][13] Despite being favored to win the race, Bugno entered the race with no victories to his name that season.[11] American Greg LeMond told the press he planned to be more competitive at this Giro than he had in years past.[10][11] Other favorites to win the race were Laurent Fignon, Pedro Delgado, and Marino Lejarreta.[10][13][11][14] Mario Cipollini, despite a poor showing that Tour de Romandie, was viewed as the sprinter to watch for the estimated ten stages that could result in a bunch sprint.[13] Notable absences included 1988 winner Andrew Hampsten, Dutch rider Erik Breukink, and Maurizio Fondriest.[13]

Route and stages

[edit]
A mountain in the distance.
The nineteenth stage, a 192 km (119 mi) mass-start stage, began in Savigliano and finished in the mountainous village Sestriere (pictured).

The route for the 1991 edition of the Giro d'Italia was revealed to the public on television by head organizer Vincenzo Torriani, on 1 December 1990.[15][16][17] It contained three time trial events, all of which were individual.[15] There were twelve stages containing thirty-nine categorized climbs, of which five had summit finishes: stage 12, to Monviso;[18] stage 13, to Sestriere;[19] stage 15, to Aprica;[20] stage 16, to Selva di Val Gardena;[21] and stage 17, to Passo Pordoi.[22][23] The organizers chose to include one rest day, which was used to transfer the riders from Cagliari to Sorrento.[15] When compared to the previous year's race, the race was 265 km (165 mi) shorter, contained one more rest day, and the same number of individual time trials and split-stages. The race covered 120 km (75 mi) in time trail stages.[13] In addition, this race contained one more stage. The race started on the island of Sardinia for the first time in race history and stayed on the island for three days of racing.[13]

Capodacqua of La Repubblica believed that the route favored a rider that could defend well and put in a good time during the uphill time trial.[12] La Stampa writer Gianni Ranieri felt the two non-uphill time trials would favor Gianni Bugno, while the up-hill time trial could be a place where Claudio Chiappucci could gain time on the field.[11] Pedro Delgado believed the race to be tougher than the Tour de France that same year.[10] The Cima Coppi – the highest point in altitude the race reached – was scheduled to be the Stelvio Pass,[10] but the pass was scrapped from the race and the Passo Pordoi – the next highest mountain – became the new Cima Coppi.[24] The queen stage was thought to be twelfth leg from Savona to Pian del Re as the final climb was 18.5 km (11 mi) at an average gradient of 7.5%.[13] The Pordoi Pass in the seventeenth stage was the highest climb and was crossed twice.[13] A writer for l'Impartial wrote that shorter stages might contain more attacks and general classification impact, specifically the writer stated that the fifteenth stage would be an important stage as it climbed the Mortirolo Pass from the harder side, from Valteline.[13]

Stage characteristics and winners[7][15][23]
Stage Date Course Distance Type Winner
1 26 May Olbia to Olbia 193 km (120 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Philippe Casado (FRA)
2a 27 May Olbia to Sassari 127 km (79 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Gianni Bugno (ITA)
2b Sassari 7 km (4 mi) Individual time trial  Gianluca Pierobon (ITA)
3 28 May Sassari to Cagliari 231 km (144 mi) Plain stage  Mario Cipollini (ITA)
29 May Rest day
4 30 May Sorrento to Sorrento 170 km (106 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Éric Boyer (FRA)
5 31 May Sorrento to Scanno 246 km (153 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Marino Lejarreta (ESP)
6 1 June Scanno to Rieti 205 km (127 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Vladimir Poulnikov (URS)
7 2 June Rieti to Città di Castello 174 km (108 mi) Plain stage  Mario Cipollini (ITA)
8 3 June Città di Castello to Prato 169 km (105 mi) Plain stage  Davide Cassani (ITA)
9 4 June Prato to Felino 229 km (142 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Massimo Ghirotto (ITA)
10 5 June Collecchio to Langhirano 43 km (27 mi) Individual time trial  Gianni Bugno (ITA)
11 6 June Sala Baganza to Savona 223 km (139 mi) Plain stage  Maximilian Sciandri (ITA)
12 7 June Savona to Pian del Re 182 km (113 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Massimiliano Lelli (ITA)
13 8 June Savigliano to Sestriere 192 km (119 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Eduardo Chozas (ESP)
14 9 June Turin to Morbegno 239 km (149 mi) Plain stage  Franco Ballerini (ITA)
15 10 June Morbegno to Aprica 132 km (82 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Franco Chioccioli (ITA)
16 11 June Tirano to Selva di Val Gardena 220 km (137 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Massimiliano Lelli (ITA)
17 12 June Selva di Val Gardena to Passo Pordoi 169 km (105 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Franco Chioccioli (ITA)
18 13 June Pozza di Fassa to Castelfranco Veneto 165 km (103 mi) Plain stage  Silvio Martinello (ITA)
19 14 June Castelfranco Veneto to Brescia 185 km (115 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Gianni Bugno (ITA)
20 15 June Broni to Casteggio 66 km (41 mi) Individual time trial  Franco Chioccioli (ITA)
21 16 June Pavia to Milan 153 km (95 mi) Plain stage  Mario Cipollini (ITA)
Total 3,715 km (2,308 mi)

Race overview

[edit]
A man holding flowers while wearing a pink jersey.
Z's Philippe Casado shown after being presented with the race leader's maglia rosa (English: pink jersey) from winning the race's opening leg

During the first stage, Alberto Leanizbarrutia attacked on his own and led the race for 150 km (93 mi) before being caught by the chasing peloton within the final ten kilometers.[25] It then came down to a bunch sprint finish that was so close that it required a photo to determine the winner, Philippe Casado.[25][26] The next day of racing consisted of a mass-start stage in the morning and an individual time trial in the afternoon.[27] Reigning winner Gianni Bugno won the trans-alpine morning stage ahead of other main contenders.[27] This stage saw the race leader's maglia rosa (English: pink jersey) switch from Casado to Franco Chioccioli.[27][28] Gianluca Pierobon of ZG Mobili team won the afternoon time trial by five seconds over Spaniard Marino Lejarreta.[27][28] The following day of racing was the last on the island of Sardinia before the race was transferred to mainland Italy.[8] The day of racing ended with a bunch sprint contested by Adriano Baffi, Mario Cipollini, and Djamolidine Abdoujaparov, of which Cipollini got the best and won.[29]

The fourth leg of the event consisted of five laps on a set circuit of 35 km (22 mi).[30] The stage saw several attacks on the final lap of the course with most being caught by the peloton.[30] Éric Boyer attacked with fifteen kilometers to go in the stage and was able to establish a solid gap between himself and the peloton.[30] Boyer went on to win the stage by twenty-three seconds over the chasing peloton, gaining enough time to earn the race lead.[30] The following day saw the general classification contenders reach the final climb of the day, Mount Godi, together.[8][31] Chioccioli attacked on the climb and only Lejarreta was able to mark his move.[8][31] The two rode to the finish together as Boyer led the group of chasing riders to the finish fifty seconds later.[8][31] Lejarreta won the stage and Chioccioli regained the race lead.[8][31]

The sixth day of racing was marred by poor weather.[8] General classification contenders Pedro Delgado and Laurent Fignon lost time due to crashing on the descent of Monte Terminillo, while Greg LeMond lost over two minutes.[32] On the final climb of the day, Iñaki Gastón and Leonardo Sierra attacked with eight kilometers to go but were caught by the chasing riders.[32] Gaston attacked again with a kilometer remaining, but was robbed of the stage win as Vladimir Poulnikov overtook him three meters before the finish.[32] Cipollini won the event's seventh leg by means of a field sprint.[33]

The following stage saw a group of nine riders form off the front of the peloton with under twenty kilometers remaining.[34] Despite the best efforts of the chasing peloton, the breakaway group survived and saw Ari-Ceramiche Ariostea's Davide Cassani take the stage by edging out Mario Mantova.[34] Massimo Ghirotto of Carrera Jeans–Tassoni team attacked with about fifty kilometers to go in the ninth stage.[35] He rode solo and wound up winning the stage,[35] while the general classification remained largely unchanged.[8] The next stage was a 43 km (27 mi) individual time trial that was won by Bugno. He won by margin of eight seconds and moved up into second place overall, a second off the leader Chioccioli.[8][36]

The eleventh stage was contested in rainy conditions on a winding course.[37] After an unsuccessful breakaway attempt by fifteen riders,[37] Maximilian Sciandri, LeMond, and Michele Coppolillo attacked and formed a group off the front.[38] Sciandri and LeMond crossed the line in first and second, respectively, while Coppolillo was caught by the peloton in the closing meters of the stage.[38] The next day saw the race's first mountain-top finish, to Monviso.[39] The group of main contenders reached the final climb together, with Banesto's Jean-François Bernard launching the first attack which saw him gain a maximum advantage of around thirty seconds.[39] The next to make a serious effort was Lejarreta, who was followed by Chioccioli, Massimiliano Lelli, and Sierra, who attacked with ten kilometers left in the stage.[39] The trio caught up to Bernard and rode as a group to the finish. Lelli took the stage as Chioccioli defended his lead.[8][39] Bugno lost almost two minutes during the day.[8][39]

A group of cyclists riding up an inclined road.
The autobus climbing Sestriere during the thirteenth stage that saw the Alpine mountain crossed twice.

The thirteenth leg of the race featured two ascents of the Alpine mountain Sestriere, the second of which served as the finish for the day.[8][40] The day began with a breakaway of twelve that was caught before the final climb to Sestriere.[40] The first rider to launch a serious attack on the climb was Pedro Delgado, who was quickly followed by Chioccioli, Lejaretta, Eduardo Chozas, and Chiappucci, meanwhile Bugno was unable to follow their wheels.[40] Chozas managed to win the stage as the group of four finish within four seconds of each other.[40] With twenty kilometers to go in the fourteenth leg, Franco Ballerini, Casado, Juan Martínez Oliver, and Brian Peterson formed a breakaway group.[41] The group managed to stretch out an advantage of almost two minutes as they entered the closing kilometers.[41] Ballerini took the stage victory after he and Casado had managed to distance themselves slightly from the two other breakaway riders.[41] LeMond abandoned the race following the conclusion of the fourteenth stage.[42] The next day, on the ascent of the Mortirolo, race leader Chioccioli attacked and formed a solo attack.[8][42] He rode the remaining fifty kilometers on his own to the stage victory, with his lead expanding to at most two minutes thirty seconds.[42] He managed to put over a minute into each of his rivals.[8][42]

The sixteenth saw no major shifts in the general classification.[43] The top five riders in the general classification formed a leading group on the final climb but there were no major moves to create time gaps.[43] Lelli took the stage win after ahead of Bugno.[43] The following day was the last in the Dolomites and saw the ascension of five major climbs, including the Cima Coppi Passo Pordoi.[8][24] On the second climbing of Pordoi, Chioccioli attacked and rode to the top of the climb to win the stage by thirty-eight seconds.[8][24] Lejaretta crashed on the day and lost over six and a half minutes, putting him out of contention for the podium and overall victory.[8][24] Midway through the stage, Fignon abandoned the race.[24] The eighteenth day of racing was a transition stage.[44] Several attempts were made to form a breakaway group before a group of eight were successful in creating a gap.[44] The group was caught with five hundred meters to go by the chasing peloton which was setting up for a field sprint.[44] Silvio Martinello managed to outsprint the likes of Cipollini and Abdoujaparov to win the day.[44]

The nineteenth leg featured only one categorized climb, which Iñaki Gastón won to seal his victory in the mountains classification.[45] The stage saw no major time disparities in the general classification contenders as they finished together, with Bugno taking the stage win.[45] The penultimate stage of the race was a 66 km (41 mi) individual time trial that contained one un-categorized climb within the route.[46] Race leader Chioccioli took the course and at the first time check at 15.5 km (10 mi) he had already put thirty seconds into Bugno.[46] He ended up winning the stage by fifty-seconds over Bugno, thereby extending his lead over the rest of his competitors.[46] The final stage culminated with a bunch sprint that was won by Cipollini.[47] Chioccioli had won the Giro d'Italia for the first time by almost four minutes over the second-place finisher Chiappucci.[48][49][50]

Four riders achieved multiple stage victories: Cipollini (stages 3, 7, and 21),[33][47][51] Bugno (stages 2a, 10, and 19),[28][52][53] Lelli (stages 12 and 16),[54][55] and Chioccioli (stages 15, 17, and 20).[56][57][58] Stage wins were achieved by eight of the twenty competing squads, six of which won multiple stages. Del Tongo-MG Boys Maglificio collected a total of seven stage wins through three riders, Cipollini, Ballerini (stage 14),[59] and Chioccioli. Carrera Jeans-Tassoni earned three stage wins through Poulnikov (stage 6),[60] Ghirotto (stage 9),[61] and Sciandri (stage 11).[37] Ari-Ceramiche Ariostea achieved the same feat through Cassani (stage 8) and Lelli.[62] Chateau d'Ax-Gatorade garnered three stage victories through Bugno. Z amassed a total of two stage victories through Casado (stage 1) and Boyer (stage 4).[26][63] ONCE gained two stage victories through Lejaretta (stage 5) and Chozas (stage 13).[64][65] ZG Mobili and Gis Gelati-Ballan each won a single stage at the Giro, the first through Pierobon (stage 2b) and the second through Martinello (stage 18).[28][66]

Classification leadership

[edit]

Five different jerseys were worn during the 1991 Giro d'Italia. The leader of the general classification – calculated by adding the stage finish times of each rider, and allowing time bonuses for the first three finishers on mass-start stages – wore a pink jersey. This classification is the most important of the race, and its winner is considered as the winner of the Giro.[67] The time bonuses for the 1991 Giro were twelve seconds for first, eight seconds for second, and four seconds for third place on the stage.[68] The winner of the general classification received 1.7 million francs.[13]

A picture of a mountain.
The Pordoi Pass was the Cima Coppi for the 1991 running of the Giro d'Italia.

For the points classification, which awarded a purple (or cyclamen) jersey to its leader,[68] cyclists were given points for finishing a stage in the top 15; additional points could also be won in intermediate sprints. The green jersey was awarded to the mountains classification leader.[68] In this ranking, points were won by reaching the summit of a climb ahead of other cyclists. Each climb was ranked as either first, second or third category, with more points available for higher category climbs. The Cima Coppi, the race's highest point of elevation, awarded more points than the other first category climbs.[67] The Cima Coppi for this Giro was the Passo Pordoi.[24] It was crossed twice by the riders, for the first climbing of the mountain, Italian Franco Vona was the first over the climb, while Franco Chioccioli was first over the second passing.[57] The white jersey was worn by the leader of young rider classification, a ranking decided the same way as the general classification, but only riders born after 1 January 1967 were eligible for it.[67][68]

The intergiro classification was marked by a blue jersey.[67][68] The calculation for the intergiro is similar to that of the general classification, in each stage there is a midway point that the riders pass through a point and where their time is stopped. As the race goes on, their times compiled and the person with the lowest time is the leader of the intergiro classification and wears the blue jersey.[67] Although no jersey was awarded, there was also one classification for the teams, in which the stage finish times of the best three cyclists per team were added; the leading team was the one with the lowest total time.[67]

The rows in the following table correspond to the jerseys awarded after that stage was run.

Classification leadership by stage
Stage Winner General classification
 Points classification
 Mountains classification
 Young rider classification
 Intergiro classification
 Team classification
1 Philippe Casado Philippe Casado Philippe Casado Alberto Leanizbarrutia Gianluca Bortolami Alberto Leanizbarrutia Selle Italia-Magniarredo-Vetta
2a Gianluca Pierobon Franco Chioccioli Franco Chioccioli Carrera Jeans–Tassoni
2b Mario Cipollini
3 Eduardo Chozas
4 Éric Boyer Éric Boyer Claudio Chiappucci Z
5 Marino Lejarreta Franco Chioccioli Acácio da Silva Massimiliano Lelli ONCE
6 Vladimir Poulnikov Franco Chioccioli Carrera Jeans–Tassoni
7 Mario Cipollini Claudio Chiappucci
8 Davide Cassani
9 Massimo Ghirotto
10 Gianni Bugno
11 Maximilian Sciandri
12 Massimiliano Lelli
13 Eduardo Chozas Iñaki Gastón
14 Franco Ballerini
15 Franco Chioccioli ONCE
16 Massimiliano Lelli
17 Franco Chioccioli Carrera Jeans–Vagabond
18 Silvio Martinello
19 Gianni Bugno
20 Franco Chioccioli
21 Mario Cipollini
Final Franco Chioccioli Claudio Chiappucci Iñaki Gastón Massimiliano Lelli Alberto Leanizbarrutia Carrera Jeans–Tassoni

Final standings

[edit]
Legend
  A pink jersey   Denotes the winner of the General classification   A green jersey   Denotes the winner of the Mountains classification
  A purple jersey   Denotes the winner of the Points classification   A white jersey   Denotes the winner of the Young rider classification
  A blue jersey   Denotes the winner of the Intergiro classification

General classification

[edit]
Final general classification (1–10)[69]
Rank Name Team Time
1  Franco Chioccioli (ITA) Pink jersey Del Tongo-MG Boys Maglificio 99h 35' 43"
2  Claudio Chiappucci (ITA) A purple jersey Carrera Jeans–Tassoni + 3' 48"
3  Massimiliano Lelli (ITA) A white jersey Ari-Ceramiche Ariostea + 6' 56"
4  Gianni Bugno (ITA) Chateau d'Ax–Gatorade + 7' 49"
5  Marino Lejarreta (ESP) ONCE + 10' 23"
6  Éric Boyer (FRA) Z + 11' 09"
7  Leonardo Sierra (VEN) Selle Italia-Magniarredo-Vetta + 11' 56"
8  Marco Giovannetti (ITA) Chateau d'Ax–Gatorade + 13' 03"
9  Zenon Jaskuła (POL) Del Tongo-MG Boys Maglificio + 18' 22"
10  Eduardo Chozas Olmo (ESP) ONCE + 23' 42"

Points classification

[edit]
Final points classification (1–10)[69]
Rider Team Points
1  Claudio Chiappucci (ITA) A purple jersey Carrera Jeans–Tassoni 283
2  Franco Chioccioli (ITA) Pink jersey Del Tongo-MG Boys Maglificio 239
3  Mario Cipollini (ITA) Del Tongo-MG Boys Maglificio 191
4  Gianni Bugno (ITA) Chateau d'Ax–Gatorade 189
5  Marino Lejarreta (ESP) ONCE 143
6  Massimiliano Lelli (ITA) A white jersey Ari-Ceramiche Ariostea 131
7  Jean-François Bernard (FRA) Banesto 124
8  Éric Boyer (FRA) Z 115
9  Gianluca Bortolami (ITA) Colnago–Lampre 110
10  Silvio Martinello (ITA) Italbonifica–Navigare 94

Mountains classification

[edit]
Final mountains classification (1–10)[69]
Rider Team Points
1  Iñaki Gastón (ESP) A green jersey CLAS–Cajastur 75
2  Claudio Chiappucci (ITA) A purple jersey Carrera Jeans–Tassoni 69
3  Franco Chioccioli (ITA) Pink jersey Del Tongo-MG Boys Maglificio 57
4  Acácio da Silva (POR) Lotus–Festina 46
5  Massimiliano Lelli (ITA) A white jersey Ari-Ceramiche Ariostea 38
6  Marino Lejarreta (ESP) ONCE 26
7  Gianni Bugno (ITA) Chateau d'Ax–Gatorade 19
8  Marco Giovannetti (ITA) Chateau d'Ax–Gatorade 18
9  Franco Vona (ITA) Jolly Componibili-Club 88 14
 Eduardo Chozas (ESP) ONCE
 Francisco Espinosa (ESP) CLAS–Cajastur

Young rider classification

[edit]
Final young rider classification (1–5)[69]
Rider Team Time
1  Massimiliano Lelli (ITA) A white jersey Ari-Ceramiche Ariostea 99h 42' 39"
2  Leonardo Sierra (VEN) Selle Italia-Magniarredo-Vetta + 5' 00"
3  Gianluca Bortolami (ITA) Colnago–Lampre + 27' 36"
4  Santos Hernández (ESP) ONCE + 36' 53"
5  Stefano Della Santa (ITA) Amore & Vita–Fanini + 55' 16"

Intergiro classification

[edit]
Final intergiro classification (1–5)[69]
Rider Team Time
1  Alberto Leanizbarrutia (ESP) A blue jersey CLAS–Cajastur 59h 34' 55"
2  Claudio Chiappucci (ITA) A purple jersey Carrera Jeans–Tassoni + 9' 36"
3  Franco Chioccioli (ITA) Pink jersey Del Tongo-MG Boys Maglificio + 9' 39"
4  Gianni Bugno (ITA) Chateau d'Ax–Gatorade + 10' 10"
5  Marino Lejarreta (ESP) ONCE + 11' 12"

Team classification

[edit]
Final team classification (1–10)[69]
Team Time
1 Italy Carrera Jeans–Tassoni 299h 49' 51"
2 Spain ONCE + 4' 40"
3 Italy Chateau d'Ax–Gatorade + 21' 40"
4 Spain Banesto + 35' 07"
5 Spain CLAS–Cajastur + 54' 57"
6 France Z + 57' 25"
7 Italy Del Tongo-MG Boys Maglificio + 1h 38' 21"
8 Italy Ari-Ceramiche Ariostea + 1h 41' 52"
9 Spain Lotus–Festina + 1h 52' 00"
10 Colombia Pony Malta-Avianca + 1h 59' 12"

References

[edit]

Citations

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c "C'è anche il piccolo San Marino" [There is also the small San Marino] (PDF). l'Unità (in Italian). PCI. 24 May 1991. p. 34. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 May 2020. Retrieved 22 June 2012.
  2. ^ "Giro d'Italia – 1991 Riders per nation". ProCyclingStats. Archived from the original on 5 May 2020. Retrieved 13 October 2016.
  3. ^ "Giro d'Italia – 1991 Debutants". ProCyclingStats. Archived from the original on 5 May 2020. Retrieved 13 October 2016.
  4. ^ "Giro d'Italia – 1991 Peloton averages". ProCyclingStats. Archived from the original on 5 May 2020. Retrieved 13 October 2016.
  5. ^ "Giro d'Italia – 1991 Oldest competitors". ProCyclingStats. Archived from the original on 5 May 2020. Retrieved 13 October 2016.
  6. ^ "Giro d'Italia – 1991 Average team age". ProCyclingStats. Archived from the original on 5 May 2020. Retrieved 13 October 2016.
  7. ^ a b "Così da Olbia a Milano" [So from Olbia to Milan] (PDF). l'Unità (in Italian). PCI. 24 May 1991. p. 36. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 May 2020. Retrieved 22 June 2012.
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q McGann, Bill; McGann, Carol. "1991 Giro d'Italia". Bike Race Info. Dog Ear Publishing. Archived from the original on 25 December 2014. Retrieved 13 July 2013.
  9. ^ "Los 199 dorsales" [The 199 lats] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish). 26 May 1991. p. 53. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 May 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  10. ^ a b c d e f g Paolo Viberti (26 May 1991). "Comienza el Giro mas montañoso de los últimos tiempos" [Begins the most mountainous Giro in recent times]. El País (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 5 May 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  11. ^ a b c d e Gianni Ranieri (26 May 1991). "Bugno e Chiappucci, italiani contro" [Bugno and Chiappucci, against Italians]. La Stampa (in Italian). Editrice La Stampa. p. 33. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  12. ^ a b Eugenio Capodacqua (25 May 1991). "La Montagna Della Verita'" [The Mountain of Truth]. La Repubblica (in Italian). Gruppo Editoriale L'Espresso. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  13. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Une battaile entre Italiens" [A fight between Italians] (PDF). L'Impartial (in French). 25 May 1991. p. 11. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 October 2019 – via RERO.
  14. ^ "El Giro comenca amb el rumor d'un possible fitxatge de Delgado pel Seur" [The Giro begins with the rumor of a possible signing by Delgado Seur]. Avui (in Catalan). Hermes Comunicacions S.A. 26 May 1991. p. 28. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 July 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  15. ^ a b c d "Un giro para escaladores" [A Tour for climbers] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish). 3 December 1990. p. 80. Archived (PDF) from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  16. ^ "Prenderà anche il traghetto il prossimo Giro d'Italia" [He will take the ferry the next Tour of Italy] (PDF). l'Unità (in Italian). PCI. 1 December 1990. p. 27. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 May 2020. Retrieved 22 June 2012.
  17. ^ Dario Ceccarelli (2 December 1990). "Il Giro che fa venire le vertigini" [The Tour that makes you dizzy] (PDF). l'Unità (in Italian). PCI. p. 30. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 May 2020. Retrieved 22 June 2012.
  18. ^ "La etapa de hoy" [Today's stage] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish). 7 June 1991. p. 42. Archived (PDF) from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  19. ^ "La etapa de hoy" [Today's stage] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish). 8 June 1991. p. 45. Archived (PDF) from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  20. ^ "La etapa de hoy" [Today's stage] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish). 10 June 1991. p. 63. Archived (PDF) from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  21. ^ "La etapa de hoy" [Today's stage] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish). 11 June 1991. p. 43. Archived (PDF) from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  22. ^ "La etapa de hoy" [Today's stage] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish). 12 June 1991. p. 45. Archived (PDF) from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  23. ^ a b "39 vette dopo piccole e grandi salite" [39 peaks after small and big climbs] (PDF). l'Unità (in Italian). PCI. 24 May 1991. p. 36. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 May 2020. Retrieved 22 June 2012.
  24. ^ a b c d e f Paolo Viberti (13 June 1991). "El líder Chioccioli sentencia el Giro con una nueva exhibición de fuerza en la etapa más dura" [The sentence Chioccioli Giro leader with a new show of strength in the toughest stage]. El País (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 29 August 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  25. ^ a b "Leanizbarrutia no pot culminar una escapada del 150km al Giro" [Leanizbarrutia can not finish a trip of 150km Giro]. Avui (in Catalan). Hermes Comunicacions S.A. 27 May 1991. p. 11. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 July 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  26. ^ a b "Maratoniano Leanitzbarrutia" [Marathon Leanitzbarrutia] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish). 27 May 1991. p. 54. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 May 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  27. ^ a b c d Paolo Viberti (28 May 1991). "Lejarreta, segundo, en la primera contrarreloj" [Lejarreta, second, in the first trial]. El País (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 6 May 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  28. ^ a b c d "Marino en la isla de Cerdena" [Marino on the island of Sardinia] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish). 28 May 1991. p. 38. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 May 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  29. ^ Paolo Viberti (29 May 1991). "Cipollini gana al 'print' la tercera etapa del Giro" [Cipollini wins the 'print' the third stage of the Giro]. El País (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 6 May 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  30. ^ a b c d Paolo Viberti (31 May 1991). "El francés Eric Royer, nuevo líder del Giro tras una escapada" [The French Eric Royer, new leader of the Giro after a break]. El País (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 6 May 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  31. ^ a b c d Paolo Viberti (1 June 1991). "Marino Lejarreta ganó con autoridad la primera etapa selectiva del Giro" [Marino Lejarreta won with authority the first selective stage of the Giro]. El País (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 7 May 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  32. ^ a b c Paolo Viberti (2 June 1991). "Delgado, fignon y Lemond cedieron tiempo tras otra batalla desencadenada en el giro" [Delgado, Fignon and Lemond gave time after another battle erupted in the Giro]. El País (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 11 August 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  33. ^ a b "Bugno le pidió perdón a Delgado" [Bugno apologized to Delgado] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish). 3 June 1991. p. 56. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 May 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  34. ^ a b F. Recuero (4 June 1991). "Chioccioli arriba a la seva regió vestit de líder i Cassani venç a la vuitena etapa" [Chioccioli reaches its region and dress Cassani leader in wins eighth stage]. Avui (in Catalan). Hermes Comunicacions S.A. p. 27. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 July 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  35. ^ a b Paolo Viberti (5 June 1991). "Etxabe recupera 54 segundos un día antes de la primera contrarreloj" [Etxabe recovers 54 seconds a day before the first trial]. El País (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 8 May 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  36. ^ Paolo Viberti (6 June 1991). "Lejarreta resistió en la etapa contrareloj que gano el italiano Bug" [Lejarreta resisted in the time trial stage which won the Italian Bug]. El País (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 8 May 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  37. ^ a b c "Bugno y Delgado, "in fraganti"" [Bugno and Delgado, "red-handed"] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish). 7 June 1991. p. 41. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 May 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  38. ^ a b F. Recuero (7 June 1991). "L'italià Sciandri s'imposa a Lemond a la mateixa línia de meta" [The Italian Sciandri Lemond imposed on the finish line]. Avui (in Catalan). Hermes Comunicacions S.A. p. 31. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 May 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  39. ^ a b c d e Paolo Viberti (8 June 1991). "Lejarreta vuelve a acercarse a la 'maglia' rosa" [Lejarreta again approaches the 'jersey' rose]. El País (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 8 May 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  40. ^ a b c d Paolo Viberti (9 June 1991). "Chozas culminó la exhibición española" [Chozas completed the Spanish exhibition]. El País (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 8 May 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  41. ^ a b c Gianni Ranieri (10 June 1991). "Ballerini-sprint, e oggi c'è Bugno nel mirino" [Ballerini-sprint, and today there Bugno in the viewfinder]. La Stampa (in Italian). Editrice La Stampa. p. 35. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  42. ^ a b c d Paolo Viberti (11 June 1991). "Chioccioli dio el gran golpe en el Giro" [Chioccioli made the big hit in the Giro]. El País (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 3 July 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  43. ^ a b c Paolo Viberti (12 June 1991). "Chioccioli aguanta a la 'banda de los cuatro'" [Chioccioli hold the 'Gang of Four']. El País (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 3 July 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  44. ^ a b c d Paolo Viberti (14 June 1991). "Martinello gana una etapa de transición en el Giro" [Martinello wins a transitional stage in Giro]. El País (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 20 August 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  45. ^ a b Paolo Viberti (15 June 1991). "Gastón se aseguró el triunfo en el premio de la montaña del Giro" [Gaston secured victory in the mountain prize Giro]. El País (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 3 July 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  46. ^ a b c Paolo Viberti (16 June 1991). "Martinello gana una etapa de transición en el Giro" [Martinello wins a transitional stage in Giro]. El País (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 3 July 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  47. ^ a b "Franco, Franco, Franco!" [Franco, Franco, Franco!] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish). June 1991. p. 47. Archived (PDF) from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  48. ^ ""Coppino" se convirtió en Chioccioli" ["Coppino" became Chioccioli] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish). 17 June 1991. p. 34. Archived (PDF) from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  49. ^ ""Coppino" se convirtió en Chioccioli" ["Coppino" became Chioccioli] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish). 17 June 1991. p. 35. Archived (PDF) from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  50. ^ "Lejarreta: ¡Por fin llegó el relax!" [Lejarreta: relax finally arrived!] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish). 17 June 1991. p. 49. Archived (PDF) from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  51. ^ "Un bostezo de 231km" [A yawn of 231km] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish). May 1991. p. 41. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  52. ^ "Lejarreta, solo cerca del rosa" [Lejarreta, only about pink] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish). 6 June 1991. p. 45. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 May 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  53. ^ "Gianni Bugno: más vale tarde..." [Gianni Bugno: better late ...] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish). 15 June 1991. p. 48. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 May 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  54. ^ "Un Marino que corta el bacalao" [A Marine who calls the shots] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish). 8 June 1991. p. 44. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 May 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  55. ^ "Chioccioli, cada día más cerca" [Chioccioli, each day closer] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish). 12 June 1991. p. 44. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 May 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  56. ^ "Chioccioli, a imagen de Merckx" [Chioccioli, the image of Merckx] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish). 11 June 1991. p. 42. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 May 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  57. ^ a b ""Coppino" Chioccioli sentencia" ["Coppino" Chioccioli sentence] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish). 13 June 1991. p. 41. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 May 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  58. ^ "Y dale con Chioccioli!" [And give to Chioccioli!] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish). 16 June 1991. p. 54. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 May 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  59. ^ "Con la cabeza en los Dolomitas" [Head in the Dolomites] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish). 10 June 1991. p. 62. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 May 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  60. ^ "Frío y lluvia en el Terminillo" [Cold and rain in Terminillo] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish). 2 June 1991. p. 52. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 May 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  61. ^ "Todos reservan fuerzas" [All reserve forces] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish). 5 June 1991. p. 46. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 May 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  62. ^ "Greg LeMond arroja la toalla" [Greg LeMond throws in the towel] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish). 4 June 1991. p. 50. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 May 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  63. ^ "Boyer, victoria de color rosa" [Boyer, win pink] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish). May 1991. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 May 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  64. ^ "Más que Marino, almirante" [More than Marino, Admiral] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish). 1 June 1991. p. 33. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 May 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  65. ^ "Maravilla de Chozas en los Alpes" [Wonder huts in the Alps] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish). 9 June 1991. p. 56. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 May 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  66. ^ "El "gafe" de Iñaki Gastón" [The "jinx" Iñaki Gastón] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish). 14 June 1991. p. 49. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 May 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  67. ^ a b c d e f Laura Weislo (13 May 2008). "Giro d'Italia classifications demystified". Cycling News. Future Publishing Limited. Archived from the original on 8 May 2013. Retrieved 13 July 2013.
  68. ^ a b c d e "Numeri e soldi per un ragioniere curvo sul manubrio" [Numbers and money to an accountant curved handlebar] (PDF). l'Unità (in Italian). PCI. 24 May 1991. p. 36. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 May 2020. Retrieved 22 June 2012.
  69. ^ a b c d e f "Clasificaciones" [Classifications] (PDF) (in Spanish). El Mundo Deportivo. 17 June 1991. p. 48. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 April 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
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