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1990–1998 Indonesian military operations in Aceh

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1990–1998 Indonesian military operations in Aceh
Part of the insurgency in Aceh

Location of Aceh in Indonesia
Dateearly 1990 – 22 August 1998
Location
Aceh, Indonesia
Result Withdrawal of all ABRI personnel from Aceh
Belligerents
 Free Aceh Movement
Commanders and leaders
Suharto
Try Sutrisno
Sutiyoso		 Hasan di Tiro
Abdullah Syafi'i
Casualties and losses
9.000—12.000 died mostly civilians[1]

The 1990–1998 Indonesian military operations in Aceh, also known as Operation Red Net (Indonesian: Operasi Jaring Merah) or Military Operation Area (Indonesian: Daerah Operasi Militer/DOM) was launched in early 1990 until 22 August 1998, against the separatist movement of Free Aceh Movement (GAM) in Aceh. During that period, the Indonesian army practiced large-scale and systematic human rights abuses against the Acehnese.[2] The war was characterised as a "dirty war" involving arbitrary executions, kidnapping, torture, mass rape, disappearances, and the torching of villages.[3] Amnesty International called the military operations response as a "shock therapy" for GAM.[4] Villages that were suspected of harboring GAM operatives were burnt down and family members of suspected militants were kidnapped and tortured.[4] Between 9,000 and 12,000 people, mostly civilians, were killed between 1989 and 1998 in the operation.[5][6]

This operation ended with the withdrawal of almost all ABRI personnel involved on the orders of Indonesian newly president BJ Habibie on 22 August 1998 after the fall of President Suharto and the end of the era of New Order regime.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Conflict and Peacemaking in Aceh: A Chronology | Worldwatch Institute". Archived from the original on 2019-07-10.
  2. ^ Rizal Sukma (26 February 2004). Security operations in Aceh: goals, consequences, and lessons. East-West Center Washington. ISBN 978-1-932728-04-0. Retrieved 12 April 2013.
  3. ^ Harriet Martin (15 August 2006). Kings of Peace Pawns of War: The Untold Story of Peacemaking. Continuum International Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-8264-9057-5. Retrieved 12 April 2013.
  4. ^ a b Amnesty International report (27 July 1993). "INDONESIA: "SHOCK THERAPY": RESTORING ORDER IN ACEH 1989-1993". Amnesty International. Retrieved 2013-04-11.
  5. ^ "Conflict and Peacemaking in Aceh: A Chronology | Worldwatch Institute". Archived from the original on 2019-07-10.
  6. ^ "Document". www.amnesty.org. Retrieved 2020-06-13.
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