The 1934 Turkish Football Championship was the fifth edition of the competition. It was held in October. Beşiktaş won their first national championship title by defeating Altay 3–1 in the final after overtime.[1][2] For Altay it was the club's first appearance in the championship final, with one more to follow in 1951.
The various regional champions competed in a group stage of five groups of three to six teams each, with the group winners advancing to the Final Phase.