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100 metres hurdles

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Athletics
100 metres hurdles
A 100 m hurdles race at Atlanta 1996
World records
WomenNigeria Tobi Amusan 12.12 (2022)
Olympic records
WomenPuerto Rico Jasmine Camacho-Quinn 12.26 (2021)
World Championship records
WomenNigeria Tobi Amusan 12.12 (2022)
Athletics Women's 100m hurdles Final – 27th Summer Universiade 2013 – Kazan (RUS)

The 100 metres hurdles, or 100-meter hurdles, is a track and field event run mainly by women (the male counterpart is the 110 metres hurdles). For the race, ten hurdles of a height of 33 inches (83.8 cm) are placed along a straight course of 100 metres (109.36 yd). The first hurdle is placed after a run-up of 13 metres from the starting line. The next 9 hurdles are set at a distance of 8.5 metres from each other, and the home stretch from the last hurdle to the finish line is 10.5 metres long. The hurdles are set up so that they will fall over if bumped into by the runner, but weighted so this is disadvantageous. Fallen hurdles do not count against runners provided that they do not run into them on purpose. Like the 100 metres sprint, the 100 m hurdles begins with athletes in starting blocks.

The fastest 100 m hurdlers run the distance in a time of around 12.5 seconds. The world record set by Tobi Amusan stands at 12.12 seconds.

History

[edit]
Cornelia Oschkenat (nearest camera), Heike Theele, and Kerstin Knabe (1986)

The race started back in the 1830s in England where wooden barriers were placed along a 100-yard stretch. The hurdles event was included as part of the inaugural Women's World Games in 1922, and made its first appearance in the Olympic Games in 1932 as 80m hurdles.

Starting with the 1972 Summer Olympics, the women's race was lengthened to 100m hurdles.[1]

The hurdles sprint race has been run by women since the beginning of women's athletics, just after the end of World War I. The distances and hurdle heights varied widely in the beginning. While the men had zeroed in on the 110 m hurdles, the International Women's Sport Federation had registered records for eight different disciplines by 1926 (60 yards/75 cm height, 60 yards/61 cm, 65 yards/75 cm, 83 yards/75 cm, 100 yards/75 cm, 100 yards/61 cm, 120 yards/75 cm, 110 metres/75 cm). At the first Women's World Games in 1922, a 100 m hurdles race was run.

From 1926 until 1968, the distance was 80 metres: women had to clear eight hurdles placed at a distance of 8 metres from each other and a height of 30 inches (76.2 cm).

Just like with the men's races, until 1935 no more than three hurdles could be knocked over, or the runner was disqualified, and records were only officially registered if the runner had cleared all her hurdles clean.

In 1935, this rule was abandoned, and L-shaped hurdles were introduced that fell over forward easily and greatly reduced the risk of injury to the runner. Hurdles are weighted, so when properly set for the height (for women, closer to the fulcrum of the "L"), they serve as a consistent disadvantage to making contact with the barrier.

Comparison of 80 m and 100 m hurdles
Distance Number
of hurdles
Height Distance made up of
Runup Intervals Home stretch
80 m 8 76.2 cm 12 m 8.0 m 12.0 m
100 m 10 83.8 cm 13 m 8.5 m 10.5 m

The 80 m hurdles was on the list of women's sports demanded by the International Women's Sport Federation for the Olympic Summer Games in 1928, but was not included as an Olympic discipline until 1932. Starting with 1949, the 80 m hurdles was one of the disciplines included in the women's pentathlon.

During the 1960s, some experimental races were run over a distance of 100 metres using hurdles with a height of 30 inches (76.2 cm). During the 1968 Summer Olympics, a decision was made to introduce the 100 m hurdles from 1969, using hurdles with a height of 33 inches (83.8 cm).

The first international event in the 100 m hurdles occurred at the European Athletics Championships, which were won by Karin Balzer of the GDR.

The modern 100 m race has an extra two hurdles compared to the 80 m race, which are higher and spaced slightly further apart. The home stretch is shorter by 1.5 m.

Currently, women run 110 m hurdles at the World Athletics Relays, a mixed team event, which was instituted in 2019.

Masters athletics

[edit]

A version of the 100 metres hurdles is also used for 50- to 59-year-old men in Masters athletics. They run the same spacing as women, which coordinates with existing markings on most tracks, but run over 36-inch (0.914 m) hurdles. In the 60-69 age range, the spacings are changed. Women over age 40 and men over age 70 run 80 metre versions with different heights and spacings.[2][3]

Milestones

[edit]

100 m hurdles:

  • First official time registered with hurdles of reduced height of 30 inches (76.2 cm): Pamela Kilborn, AUS, 26 November 1961
  • First official time with hurdles of standard height of 33 inches (83.8 cm): 15.1 seconds, Connie Pettersson, USA, 28 May 1966
  • First official world record: 13.3 seconds, Karin Balzer, GDR, 20 June 1969
  • First runner under 13 seconds: 12.9 seconds, Karin Balzer, GDR, 5 September 1969
  • First runner under 12.5 seconds:
  • First runner under 12.3 seconds: 12.29 seconds, Yordanka Donkova BUL, 17 August 1986
  • First runner under 12.2 seconds: 12.12 seconds, Tobi Amusan NGR, 24 July 2022. 12.06 seconds (wind aided) Tobi Amusan NGR, 24 July 2022.
  • First country to win gold, silver, and bronze in the women's 100 m hurdles in one Olympics: USA (Brianna Rollins, Nia Ali and Kristi Castlin), 2016; this was also the first time American women achieved such a sweep in any Olympic event[4]

All-time top 25

[edit]
Table shows data for two definitions of "Top 25" - the top 25 100m hurdles times and the top 25 athletes:
- denotes top performance for athletes in the top 25 100m hurdles times
- denotes lesser performances, still in the top 25 100m hurdles times, by repeat athletes
- denotes top performance (only) for other top 25 athletes who fall outside the top 25 100m hurdles times
  • Correct as of August 2024.[5]
Ath.# Perf.# Time (s) Wind (m/s) Reaction (s) Athlete Nation Date Place Ref.
1 1 12.12 +0.9 0.144 Tobi Amusan  Nigeria 24 July 2022 Eugene [6][7]
2 2 12.20 +0.3 0.149 Kendra Harrison  United States 22 July 2016 London [8]
3 3 12.21 +0.7 Yordanka Donkova  Bulgaria 20 August 1988 Stara Zagora
4 12.24 +0.9 Donkova #2 28 August 1988 Stara Zagora
+0.7 Harrison #2 28 May 2016 Eugene
+0.1 0.155 Harrison #3 22 August 2023 Budapest [9]
4 4 12.24 −0.4 0.153 Ackera Nugent  Jamaica 30 August 2024 Rome [10]
5 8 12.25 +1.4 Ginka Zagorcheva  Bulgaria 8 August 1987 Drama
+0.7 Masai Russell  United States 30 June 2024 Eugene [11]
10 12.26 +1.5 Donkova #3 7 September 1986 Ljubljana
7 10 12.26 +1.7 Ludmila Narozhilenko  Russia 6 June 1992 Seville
+1.2 Brianna Rollins  United States 22 June 2013 Des Moines [12]
−0.2 0.172 Jasmine Camacho-Quinn  Puerto Rico 1 August 2021 Tokyo [13][14]
14 12.27 −1.2 Donkova #4 28 August 1988 Stara Zagora
+0.9 0.155 Harrison #4 24 July 2022 Eugene [6][15]
+0.1 0.166 Camacho-Quinn #2 2 September 2022 Brussels [16][17]
17 12.28 +1.8 Narozhilenko #2 11 July 1991 Kyiv
+0.9 Narozhilenko #3 6 June 1992 Seville
10 17 12.28 +1.1 0.145 Sally Pearson  Australia 3 September 2011 Daegu [18]
17 12.28 +0.1 0.152 Harrison #5 4 July 2017 Székesfehérvár [19]
+0.5 Nugent #2 30 June 2024 Kingston [20]
22 12.29 −0.4 Donkova #5 17 August 1986 Cologne
−0.3 0.163 Amusan #2 8 September 2022 Zürich [21][22]
−0.5 0.147 Nugent #3 25 August 2024 Chorzów [23]
25 12.30 −0.2 0.126 Amusan #3 7 August 2022 Birmingham [24]
11 25 12.30 +0.6 0.153 Nia Ali  United States 21 July 2023 Monaco [25]
25 12.30 +0.6 0.140 Nugent #4 25 August 2024 Chorzów [26]
12 12.31 +0.3 0.143 Britany Anderson  Jamaica 24 July 2022 Eugene [6][27]
+0.8 0.150 Cyréna Samba-Mayela  France 8 June 2024 Rome [28]
+0.7 Alaysha Johnson  United States 30 June 2024 Eugene [11]
+0.7 Grace Stark  United States 30 June 2024 Eugene [11]
16 12.32 +0.8 0.119 Danielle Williams  Jamaica 20 July 2019 London [29][30]
17 12.33 −0.3 Gail Devers  United States 23 July 2000 Sacramento
18 12.34 +1.9 Sharika Nelvis  United States 26 June 2015 Eugene [31]
19 12.35 +0.9 Jasmin Stowers  United States 15 May 2015 Doha [32]
20 12.36 +1.9 Grażyna Rabsztyn  Poland 13 June 1980 Warsaw
+1.0 Tonea Marshall  United States 29 June 2024 Eugene [33]
+1.6 Nadine Visser  Netherlands 14 July 2024 La Chaux-de-Fonds [34][35]
23 12.37 +1.5 Joanna Hayes  United States 24 August 2004 Athens
−0.2 Dawn Harper  United States 7 August 2012 London
+1.6 Pia Skrzyszowska  Poland 14 July 2024 La Chaux-de-Fonds [34][35]

Assisted marks

[edit]

Any performance with a following wind of more than 2.0 metres per second does not count for record purposes. Below is a list of all wind-assisted times equal or superior to 12.31:

  • Tobi Amusan (NGR) ran 12.06 (+2.5) in Eugene, Oregon on 24 July 2022.
  • Jasmine Camacho-Quinn (PUR) ran 12.17 (+3.5) in Devonshire, Bermuda on 21 May 2023, 12.23 (+2.5) in Eugene, Oregon on 24 July 2022, and 12.27 (+2.4) on 8 August 2022 in Székesfehérvár.
  • Britany Anderson (JAM) ran 12.23 (+2.5) in Eugene, Oregon on 24 July 2022.
  • Cornelia Oschkenat (GDR) ran 12.28 (+2.7) in Berlin on 25 August 1987.
  • Yordanka Donkova (BUL) ran 12.29 (+3.5) in Lausanne on 24 June 1988.
  • Gail Devers (USA) ran 12.29 (+2.7) in Eugene, Oregon on 26 May 2002.
  • Lolo Jones (USA) ran 12.29 (+3.8) in Eugene, Oregon on 6 July 2008.
  • Kendra Harrison (USA) ran 12.29 (+2.8) in New York City on 24 June 2023
  • Brianna Rollins (USA) ran 12.30 (+2.8) in Des Moines, Iowa on 22 June 2013.
  • Alaysha Johnson (USA) ran 12.30 (+2.8) in New York City on 24 June 2023.
  • Alia Armstrong (USA) ran 12.31 (+2.5) in Eugene, Oregon on 24 July 2022.

Most successful athletes

[edit]
  • Shirley Strickland (AUS): two Olympic victories, 1952 and 1956 in the 80 m hurdles.
  • Ludmila Narozhilenko-Engquist (URS)/(RUS)/(SWE): Olympic victory, 1996, two World Championship victories, 1991 and 1997.
  • Gail Devers (USA): three World Championships, 1993, 1995, 1999, as well as runner-up at the 1991 and 2001 World Championships.[36]
  • Sally Pearson (AUS): Olympic victory in 2012, as well as runner-up in 2008.[37] World Championship victories in 2011 and 2017, as well as runner-up in 2013.[38]
  • Brianna Rollins (USA): Olympic victory in 2016, World Championships 2013.
  • Danielle Williams (JAM): Two World Championships victories, 2015 and 2023.

Olympic medalists

[edit]
Games Gold Silver Bronze
1972 Munich
details
Annelie Ehrhardt
 East Germany
Valeria Bufanu
 Romania
Karin Balzer
 East Germany
1976 Montreal
details
Johanna Schaller
 East Germany
Tatyana Anisimova
 Soviet Union
Natalya Lebedeva
 Soviet Union
1980 Moscow
details
Vera Komisova
 Soviet Union
Johanna Klier
 East Germany
Lucyna Langer
 Poland
1984 Los Angeles
details
Benita Fitzgerald
 United States
Shirley Strong
 Great Britain
Michèle Chardonnet
 France
Kim Turner
 United States
1988 Seoul
details
Yordanka Donkova
 Bulgaria
Gloria Siebert
 East Germany
Claudia Zaczkiewicz
 West Germany
1992 Barcelona
details
Voula Patoulidou
 Greece
LaVonna Martin
 United States
Yordanka Donkova
 Bulgaria
1996 Atlanta
details
Ludmila Engquist
 Sweden
Brigita Bukovec
 Slovenia
Patricia Girard
 France
2000 Sydney
details
Olga Shishigina
 Kazakhstan
Glory Alozie
 Nigeria
Melissa Morrison
 United States
2004 Athens
details
Joanna Hayes
 United States
Olena Krasovska
 Ukraine
Melissa Morrison
 United States
2008 Beijing
details
Dawn Harper
 United States
Sally Pearson
 Australia
Priscilla Lopes-Schliep
 Canada
2012 London
details
Sally Pearson
 Australia
Dawn Harper
 United States
Kellie Wells
 United States
2016 Rio de Janeiro
details
Brianna Rollins
 United States
Nia Ali
 United States
Kristi Castlin
 United States
2020 Tokyo
details
Jasmine Camacho-Quinn
 Puerto Rico
Kendra Harrison
 United States
Megan Tapper
 Jamaica
2024 Paris
details
Masai Russell
 United States
Cyréna Samba-Mayela
 France
Jasmine Camacho-Quinn
 Puerto Rico

World Championships medalists

[edit]
Championships Gold Silver Bronze
1983 Helsinki
details
 Bettine Jahn (GDR)  Kerstin Knabe (GDR)  Ginka Zagorcheva (BUL)
1987 Rome
details
 Ginka Zagorcheva (BUL)  Gloria Uibel (GDR)  Cornelia Oschkenat (GDR)
1991 Tokyo
details
 Ludmila Narozhilenko (URS)  Gail Devers (USA)  Nataliya Grygoryeva (URS)
1993 Stuttgart
details
 Gail Devers (USA)  Marina Azyabina (RUS)  Lynda Tolbert-Goode (USA)
1995 Gothenburg
details
 Gail Devers (USA)  Olga Shishigina (KAZ)  Yuliya Graudyn (RUS)
1997 Athens
details
 Ludmila Engquist (SWE)  Svetla Dimitrova (BUL)  Michelle Freeman (JAM)
1999 Seville
details
 Gail Devers (USA)  Glory Alozie (NGR)  Ludmila Engquist (SWE)
2001 Edmonton
details
 Anjanette Kirkland (USA)  Gail Devers (USA)  Olga Shishigina (KAZ)
2003 Saint-Denis
details
 Perdita Felicien (CAN)  Brigitte Foster-Hylton (JAM)  Miesha McKelvy (USA)
2005 Helsinki
details
 Michelle Perry (USA)  Delloreen Ennis-London (JAM)  Brigitte Foster-Hylton (JAM)
2007 Osaka
details
 Michelle Perry (USA)  Perdita Felicien (CAN)  Delloreen Ennis-London (JAM)
2009 Berlin
details
 Brigitte Foster-Hylton (JAM)  Priscilla Lopes-Schliep (CAN)  Delloreen Ennis-London (JAM)
2011 Daegu
details
 Sally Pearson (AUS)  Danielle Carruthers (USA)  Dawn Harper (USA)
2013 Moscow
details
 Brianna Rollins (USA)  Sally Pearson (AUS)  Tiffany Porter (GBR)
2015 Beijing
details
 Danielle Williams (JAM)  Cindy Roleder (GER)  Alina Talay (BLR)
2017 London
details
 Sally Pearson (AUS)  Dawn Harper-Nelson (USA)  Pamela Dutkiewicz (GER)
2019 Doha
details
 Nia Ali (USA)  Kendra Harrison (USA)  Danielle Williams (JAM)
2022 Eugene
details
 Tobi Amusan (NGR)  Britany Anderson (JAM)  Jasmine Camacho-Quinn (PUR)
2023 Budapest
details
 Danielle Williams (JAM)  Jasmine Camacho-Quinn (PUR)  Kendra Harrison (USA)

Season's bests

[edit]
Year Time Athlete Place
1970 12.93  Chi Cheng (ROC) Munich
1971 12.6h  Karin Balzer (GDR) East Berlin
1972 12.59  Anneliese Ehrhardt (GDR) Munich
1973 12.68  Anneliese Ehrhardt (GDR) Dresden
1974 12.66  Anneliese Ehrhardt (GDR) Rome
1975 12.91  Bożena Świerczyńska (POL) Zielona Góra
1976 12.69  Grażyna Rabsztyn (POL) Bydgoszcz
1977 12.87  Lyubov Kononova (URS) Düsseldorf
1978 12.48  Grażyna Rabsztyn (POL) Fürth
1979 12.48  Grażyna Rabsztyn (POL) Warsaw
1980 12.36  Grażyna Rabsztyn (POL) Warsaw
1981 12.68  Tatyana Anisimova (URS) Tbilisi
1982 12.44  Yordanka Donkova (BUL) Sofia
1983 12.42  Bettine Jahn (GDR) Berlin
1984 12.43  Lucyna Kalek (POL) Hanover
1985 12.42  Ginka Zagorcheva (BUL) Sofia
1986 12.26  Yordanka Donkova (BUL) Ljubljana
1987 12.25  Ginka Zagorcheva (BUL) Dráma
1988 12.21  Yordanka Donkova (BUL) Stara Zagora
1989 12.60  Cornelia Oschkenat (GDR) Barcelona
1990 12.53  Nataliya Grygoryeva (URS) Kyiv
1991 12.28  Ludmila Narozhilenko (URS) Kyiv
1992 12.26  Ludmila Narozhilenko (RUS) Seville
1993 12.46  Gail Devers (USA) Stuttgart
1994 12.53  Tatyana Reshetnikova (RUS) Linz
 Svetla Dimitrova (BUL) Stara Zagora
1995 12.44  Olga Shishigina (KAZ) Lucerne
1996 12.47  Ludmila Engquist (SWE) Atlanta
1997 12.50  Ludmila Engquist (SWE) Athens
1998 12.44  Glory Alozie (NGR) Monaco
1999 12.37  Gail Devers (USA) Seville
2000 12.33  Gail Devers (USA) Sacramento
2001 12.42  Anjanette Kirkland (USA) Edmonton
2002 12.40  Gail Devers (USA) Lausanne
2003 12.45  Brigitte Foster-Hylton (JAM) Eugene
 Gail Devers (USA) Monaco
2004 12.37  Joanna Hayes (USA) Athens
2005 12.43  Michelle Perry (USA) Carson
2006 12.43  Michelle Perry (USA) Lausanne
2007 12.44  Michelle Perry (USA) Rome
2008 12.43  Lolo Jones (USA) Beijing
2009 12.46  Brigitte Foster-Hylton (JAM) Zürich
2010 12.52  Priscilla Lopes-Schliep (CAN) London
2011 12.28  Sally Pearson (AUS) Daegu
2012 12.35  Sally Pearson (AUS) London
2013 12.26  Brianna Rollins (USA) Des Moines
2014 12.44  Dawn Harper-Nelson (USA) Paris
2015 12.34  Sharika Nelvis (USA) Eugene
2016 12.20  Kendra Harrison (USA) London
2017 12.28  Kendra Harrison (USA) Székesfehérvár
2018 12.36  Kendra Harrison (USA) London
2019 12.32  Danielle Williams (JAM) London
2020 12.68  Nadine Visser (NED) Turku
2021 12.26  Jasmine Camacho-Quinn (PUR) Tokyo
2022 12.12  Tobi Amusan (NGR) Eugene
2023 12.24  Kendra Harrison (USA) Budapest
2024 12.24  Ackera Nugent (JAM) Rome
[edit]

References

[edit]
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