Jump to content

Kaworu Nagisa

This is a good article. Click here for more information.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from 渚 カヲル)

Kaworu Nagisa
Neon Genesis Evangelion character
First appearanceNeon Genesis Evangelion episode 24: "The Beginning and the End, or "Knockin' on Heaven's Door"" (1996)
Created byGainax
Voiced by
In-universe information
AliasesAdam
Tabris
SpeciesAngel
GenderMale
TitleFifth Child

Kaworu Nagisa (Japanese: 渚 カヲル, Hepburn: Nagisa Kaworu), real name Tabris (タブリス, Taburisu), is a fictional character from the Neon Genesis Evangelion franchise created by Gainax. In the series, he is the pilot of a giant mecha named Evangelion Unit 02 for the special agency Nerv. Kaworu is the seventeenth and final member of the Angels which threaten humanity. When he arrives at Nerv, he meets Eva-01 pilot Shinji Ikari, showing great affection towards him. After revealing his nature as an Angel to Shinji, he asks him to kill him to allow humanity to survive. Kaworu appears in the franchise's animated feature films and related media, video games, the original net animation Petit Eva: Evangelion@School, the Rebuild of Evangelion films, and the manga adaptation by Yoshiyuki Sadamoto. He also has a prominent role in Evangelion: 3.0 You Can (Not) Redo, the third film of the Rebuild saga.

The character, originally conceived by Gainax as a cat controlling a boy, was supposed to appear in the series' twenty-second episode. After several changes, director Hideaki Anno and screenwriter Akio Satsukawa decided on him being the last Angel, and he was included in the twenty-fourth episode.

Although Kaworu only appeared in one episode, he was popular with audiences and animation enthusiasts and topped popularity polls. Some critics disliked his ambiguity and the undertones of his relationship with Shinji; others praised his personality, finding him to be open, affectionate and sociable. His role in the film Evangelion 3.0 also attracted the attention of critics, with reviewers generally appreciating his relationship with Shinji. Merchandise, particularly action figures, based on Kaworu have been released.

Conception

[edit]
Sketches of Kaworu and a cat
Kaworu was originally conceived as a cat-like Angel who possesses a boy.

Akio Satsukawa, a screenwriter who contributed to writing for the series' twenty-fourth episode, "The Beginning and the End, or 'Knockin' on Heaven's Door'", chose Kaworu's name. He opted for the surname Nagisa (Japanese for "shore") as a homage to Japanese director Nagisa Ōshima.[1] The choice of a term related to the sea allowed him to connect to the names of other series' characters inspired by Imperial Japanese Navy ships and nami (波, lit. "wave") in the surname of Rei Ayanami.[2] The name Kaworu was not written with the contemporary spelling カオル (Kaoru) with the katakana オ (o), but with the archaic character ヲ (wo). The kanji nagisa (渚) was chosen for its connection with the katakana shi (シ) and the kanji sha (者), a detail referring to the Japanese title of the episode: "The Final Messenger" (最後のシ者, Saigo no shisha).[3][4] Satsukawa then created a pun with the phoneme shisha, which can mean "messenger" (使者) or "dead" (死者).[5]

Two years before the series began broadcasting, Gainax published a presentation about the series entitled New Century Evangelion (tentative name) Proposal (新世紀エヴァンゲリオン (仮) 企画書, Shinseiki Evangelion (kari) kikakusho). Kaworu was originally going to appear in the twenty-second episode of the series as a "bishōnen constantly accompanied by a cat".[6][7] Nerv would have allowed the boy to enter its laboratories and, after a clash in which his fellow pilot Shinji Ikari found himself "in the dilemma of having to fight against an anthropomorphic enemy", "the greatest secret of the organization" would be revealed.[6][8]

In the first drafts, the Angel would have been a cat controlling a boy; however, this idea was abandoned, and elements of it were merged into Kaworu.[9] In preliminary proposals, he had an organ characteristic of Angels named core and the ability to modify his appearance through metamorphosis, ideas which were set aside during the series' production.[10] Anno conceived him as an "ideal male"; and according to him, "The plan was that the 'unconscious Shinji' would be Ayanami Rei, the Shinji who appears on the surface would be Ikari Shinji, and the 'ideal Shinji' would be Nagisa Kaworu".[11] Character designer Yoshiyuki Sadamoto conceived him as "more elegant and more refined" than Shinji, and compared to him he would be "taller, thinner and with a smaller face". For the somatic features of his face, he decided to combine those of Rei, Shinji, and Asuka Langley Soryu.[12] Following a personal request from the director, colorist Harumi Takaboshi made his eyes red to be analogous with Rei's and give him "a distinct impression".[13] In one of the drafts of the twenty-fourth episode, he is described as a blond-haired boy.[14] Although he was conceived to appear only in the final episodes, during the making of the opening theme the main staff decided to depict him with a sketch by Sadamoto;[9] in the editing phase, the sketch was inserted before a frame depicting Rei Ayanami and the caption "Angels".[15] While designing him, Sadamoto envisioned him with a "younger" voice than in the final version.[16]

In the early stages of production, scriptwriter Akio Satsukawa wrote some drafts of the twenty-fourth episode's script, in which Kaworu's relationship with Shinji would have been expanded upon and presented with less ambiguity. Some of his ideas included Kaworu and Shinji swimming naked in a river at night, Kaworu proposing to Shinji to play piano and cello together and a kiss scene between them.[17][14] Anno originally gave him an outline that Satsukawa greatly expanded upon, something that struck Sadamoto.[18] Though Anno did not dissuade Satsukawa and the homoerotic tone of his draft, at one point he considered it "above my tolerance level". The Evangelion staff and producers also rejected these proposals.[9] Episode director and animator Masayuki refused to work on them and threatened to resign.[19] The drafts underwent several modifications before being accepted as the definitive script.[20] However, they did not change or alter the essence of Kaworu's character; Anno said the draft's "atmosphere" was preserved in the script. Anno explained he wanted to hold on to the idea of an Angel "conversing in human language", mentioning it as a progression from Shinji's conversation with the Angel Leliel in the sixteenth episode. He also considered expanding Kaworu's role in the expanded director's cut version of the episode, but decided to prioritize clarifying Kaworu's connection to Seele instead.[9]

Staff indicated they did not expect Kaworu to provoke a strong sexual impression, nor how popular he would become. They attributed their unawareness of this to the short time they had to produce the later episodes,[21] and mentioned that Kaworu was not supposed to hold Shinji's hand in the bath scene. This was an animation error; he was supposed to touch it instead.[19] Like other characters in the series, Anno conceived Kaworu based on his own personality. He described Rei and Kaworu as part of his unconscious, and Kaworu specifically as his shadow—the dark and unconscious side of the psyche.[22] According to some fans, he may have used Kunihiko Ikuhara, the director of the animated series Sailor Moon and his friend, as a model. In an interview, Ikuhara denied the rumors, comparing Kaworu's cynical personality to Anno himself, while stating he was not involved in the creation of the character. He also said he had close correspondence with Anno, with whom he was on good terms since the early design stages of Neon Genesis Evangelion. During the production of Sailor Moon, the staff went on a trip to the spa, and Ikuhara chatted all night with Anno, who also worked as an animator for some of the series' episodes. When watching the episode, Ikuhara noticed how the situation with the bath was the same as the conversation he had with Anno.[23]

Voice

[edit]
Photograph of Gage Skidmore
Photograph of Clifford Chapin
Jerry Jewell (left) and Clifford Chapin (right) voiced Kaworu for the Rebuild of Evangelion saga and the Netflix series' dub, respectively.

Akira Ishida voices Kaworu Nagisa in his appearance in the original series,[24] as well as the later films, spin-offs, video games,[25][26] and the Rebuild of Evangelion saga. In 1997, when The End of Evangelion was released, Ishida said he found the role "very difficult", and felt "a lot of pressure" during the dubbing of the film version. His emotional tension grew exponentially when he learned that there would be two feature movies, but he was satisfied with his performance.[27] During the recording of Evangelion: 1.0 You Are (Not) Alone (2007), the first chapter of the Rebuild of Evangelion cinematic tetralogy, Anno explained in detail the role played by Kaworu in the new theatrical version and his relationship with Shinji. During the dubbing sessions for Evangelion: 3.0 You Can (Not) Redo (2012) he felt tense, but with the director's support, he overcame his performance anxiety and reprised the role.[28] For the final installment, Evangelion: 3.0+1.0 Thrice Upon a Time, Ishida noted he had trouble saying the character's "complex" lines.[29]

In English, he is voiced by Kyle Sturdivant in the original series;[30] Greg Ayres in the director's cut version,[31] Aaron Krohn in the 1997 film duology,[32] Clifford Chapin in the Netflix' dub,[33][34] Jerry Jewell in the first dub of Rebuild of Evangelion[35][36] and Daman Mills in the Amazon Prime Video's dub.[37]

In the Netflix dub, one of Kaworu's lines to Shinji was changed from ADV DVD's "I love you" to "I like you".[38] This was a controversial choice among some fans, who felt it altered their relationship and contributed to queer erasure. Dan Kanemitsu, studio Khara's in-house translator[39] responsible for the updated Evangelion subtitles, production assistance, and other official Gainax and Khara translations, including the Rebuild of Evangelion films, explained in an interview that he consults the original creator when the meaning is unclear or ambiguous. He defended the importance of ambiguity, citing Anno's commentaries on Evangelion's ambiguity and open-endedness,[40] his commitment to accuracy,[41][42] and conveying the text's intended nuances across a cultural gap.[43][44] Shinji's voice actress, Megumi Ogata, also agreed with the translation for the Netflix/Khara release, saying she originally interpreted Kaworu's lines as "like", and that she is glad the new version is closer to the original Japanese version.[45]

Appearances

[edit]

Neon Genesis Evangelion

[edit]

Kaworu appears in the twenty-fourth episode of Neon Genesis Evangelion. A secret sect called Seele and a group called Commission for the Instrumentality of Mankind sent him to the headquarters of the special agency Nerv to carry out a mission[46] as the Fifth Child and the replacement for Asuka Langley Soryu, who became unable to pilot Eva-02 following her breakdown. Soon after arriving in Tokyo-3, he meets with Shinji Ikari, who is the Third Child and Eva-01's pilot.[47] He befriends him,[48] showing unconditional and sincere sympathy towards him.[49] His position as a pilot allows him to enter Nerv, but Misato Katsuragi, a major in the organization's operations department, becomes suspicious of him.[50] He is subjected to a synchronicity test with Eva-02, and his high results astound the organization's staff,[51][52] since he can arbitrarily vary his rate of synchronization with the mecha.[53] All data about his past is erased to conceal his true identity, but Misato discovers that he was born on September 13, 2000: the day the first of the Angels caused a calamity called the Second Impact to occur at the South Pole.[54][55] He is revealed to be Tabris, the seventeenth Angel and the "last sacrificial messenger",[56][57] who has the soul of the first Angel, Adam, implanted in him.[49] Seele, who captured Tabris when he was still in an embryonic state, "recovered" it.[58] Unlike the other Angels, he can develop human-like feelings[58] and communicate with them.[59] Once in the headquarters, he comes into contact with Rei Ayanami,[60] the pilot of Eva-00, in which the soul of another Angel is implanted, and confesses to her he is also a hybrid.[61][62]

Using his Angel abilities, Kaworu manipulates the movements of Eva-02[63] to enter the Terminal Dogma of Nerv's headquarters and contact the angel Adam, who is supposedly being guarded within the structure.[64][65] Despite his anthropomorphic features, he possesses several anomalous abilities,[66] including levitation and an AT Field, a powerful forcefield that is characteristic of Angels and Evangelions.[50][67] Upon arriving at his destination, he discovers that the second Angel Lilith is being kept inside the base rather than Adam.[49] Upon seeing Lilith, he interrupts his attempt at contact and decides to preserve her lineage, which humankind is descended from, rather than cause their extinction.[68] He allows himself to be killed by Eva-01 and Shinji to allow humanity to survive.[69]

In the ending film of the series, Neon Genesis Evangelion: The End of Evangelion (1997), the souls of humanity unite into a collective consciousness, and during a process called Human Instrumentality, Shinji argues symbolically with Kaworu and Rei Ayanami.[70] Akira Ishida said that the Kaworu who appears in The End of Evangelion is not real or concretely present;[27] in the film, he and Rei say they represent the "hope that people will one day be able to understand each other".[71][72] He also appears when Gendo Ikari dies, along with Rei and Shinji's mother Yui Ikari.[73]

Rebuild of Evangelion

[edit]

In the Rebuild of Evangelion saga, Kaworu has a prominent role[74][75] and he is aware of details of Shinji's life even before meeting him.[76] He is introduced in the final sequence of the first film, Evangelion: 1.0 You Are (Not) Alone (2007), in which he awakens on the surface of the Moon to converse with a member of Seele.[77] During the scene, he rises from a coffin placed on a lunar sea, with eight coffins next to him: four already open and four still closed. Behind him, a white giant is framed, similar to the Angel Lilith.[78] He is completely naked, and somehow can breathe on the Moon. He addresses commander Gendo Ikari, who is visiting a place named Tabgha Base, as "father".[79] In Evangelion: 2.0 You Can (Not) Advance (2009), the second installment of the saga, when Shinji tries to save Rei and unwittingly starts Third Impact, he descends aboard an Evangelion unit known as Mark.06.[80] He stops the Third Impact, addressing Shinji with the phrase: "At least this time I will be able to make you happy."[81] Originally, Kaworu would have said the line with the light-hearted smile of the original series; however, during production it was decided to give him a troubled expression. Kazuya Tsurumaki, the assistant director of the original series and its movies, described him as a man who takes his wife back by force. He also said: "[We thought it would be] more interesting if Kaworu looked like [he was thinking]: 'You've been with a woman while I've been away? How dare you...!'".[82] Staff initially wanted to give him a "showier entrance", and originally give him a scene talking to Asuka when Eva 03 is possessed the ninth Angel.[83]

In the third movie, Evangelion: 3.0 You Can (Not) Redo (2012), set fourteen years after the previous film, he works for Nerv and is designated to pilot Eva-13 with Shinji on behalf of Gendo,[84] who he calls "king of Lillith". He shows Shinji, who is alone and scared of the new world, the consequences of his actions on planet Earth. Shinji is initially reluctant, but Kaworu offers him an opportunity to revert the damage done by Third Impact. To train, the two boys practice piano on the same a quatre mains musical base. Having reached good harmony, the two board Eva-13 and head to the Terminal Dogma of the Nerv base. Asuka and Mari Makinami confront them, but Kaworu falls for a trap set by Gendo and accidentally causes Shinji to start the Fourth Impact. He reveals he is the first Angel, but was demoted to thirteenth, and dies telling Shinji that "We will meet again."[85] Akira Ishida, Kaworu's voice actor, was asked if the sequence of the two boys united in the same Evangelion could be interpreted as a "love scene"; Ishida replied he "could not make that interpretation", and left it up to what the director said or the fans' speculation, saying: "But, at the very least, them getting in the same unit is different, as they both pursue the same goal together. It seems representative of the depth of their connection.".[28]

Manga

[edit]

In the Neon Genesis Evangelion manga, written by the series' character designer Yoshiyuki Sadamoto, Kaworu is introduced in advance in a narrative arc roughly corresponding to the nineteenth episode of the series.[86] In the 57th chapter of the comic, he meets Shinji in the ruins of a church during a piano solo.[87] In his first appearance, he kills a stray cat in front of Shinji,[88] arguing this would spare the cat further pain. He is later brought into Nerv to replace the Fourth Child, Toji Suzuhara, who died while fighting alongside Rei Ayanami against the Angel Armisael. His role as an Angel also changes, being presented as the twelfth instead of the seventeenth. In this version of events, Shinji has strong suspicions of the Fifth Child,[89] and he accuses Kaworu of violating his personal space.[86] Following Rei's death, Shinji temporarily moves to his apartment, heartbroken by the loss he has just suffered.[90] Shinji has a nightmare and starts to hyperventilate, and Kaworu uses this opportunity to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation by kissing Shinji, which angers him.[91] Over time, their relationship becomes increasingly cold and tormented, until they take two different paths.[92]

Unlike the original series, in which their relationship is ambiguous and up to speculation, for the manga Sadamoto changed Kaworu's characterization, leaving less margin for interpretation. According to him, Kaworu feels "a reflection of Rei's feelings" for Shinji, but he fails to understand them.[93] Irritated by his behavior, after killing Kaworu, Shinji admits he felt "drawn to him", but in the end rejects him "because he is not Rei".[94] Before his death, the Third Child imagines himself strangling Kaworu at the same time and place he met him. For this scene, the author took inspiration from the film Betty Blue, directed by Jean-Jacques Beineix, which is tormented story of two young lovers in which he ultimately strangles her out of love.[94] Sadamoto created Kaworu to represent "a situation in which Shinji has to confront liking someone"; according to him, he is the person who understands Shinji the most. In an interview, Sadamoto compared his death to a "contradictory fumi-e", an ancient Japanese ritual consisting of the trampling of Christian icons, in which Tabris would ask Shinji to prove he liked him by killing him.[95] According to Sadamoto, in this particular moment of his life Shinji "does not want the affection of a girl, but the approval of another boy".[18] Unlike Hideaki Anno, who wanted to give Kaworu the image of an "ideal man", Sadamoto, who believes that human beings are the last evolutionary stage of Angels, tried to represent him as a "pre-human", who is innocent and naive. He was inspired by his own experiences, particularly by a classmate in elementary school who was a charming transfer student from Tokyo, and which he felt great admiration for. "I secretly thought it was very cool. It was not romance ... It is a delicate feeling in a delicate age".[18]

In other media

[edit]

After the conclusion of Neon Genesis Evangelion's first airing, a self-parody audio track written by Anno called After the End was released. On it the series' characters, played by their original voice actors, jokingly discuss and prepare a new ending just before the production schedule deadline, breaking the fourth wall. Kaworu appears; when Asuka calls him "homoboy", he tells her, "I wish you wouldn't make statements when you lack evidence for them." Nagisa, along with Eva's other pilots, joins a super sentai-style superhero group named Shin sentai Evangelion.[96] In the movie Neon Genesis Evangelion: Death and Rebirth (1997) there are sequences in which four children from the third middle school of the city of Tokyo-2, with their respective instruments, practice a string quartet in the school's auditorium. Among them is a violinist who looks like Kaworu; according to what is indicated by the superimposed writings, however, the event would take place eighteen months before his appearance in Tokyo-3. From the script, it is clear that, despite the similarity with the protagonists of the series, the four children should still be interpreted as actors in an imaginary sequence.[97]

He appears in video games dedicated to Neon Genesis Evangelion and is available as a romantic option in Neon Genesis Evangelion: Girlfriend of Steel 2nd,[98][99] Neon Genesis Evangelion 2,[100] and Neon Genesis Evangelion: Shinji Ikari Raising Project.[101][102][103] He's also present in Raising Project manga adaptation as an agent sent by Seele[104] at Ritsuko's behest.[105] In the manga Neon Genesis Evangelion: Angelic Days he knows Shinji's father, Gendo, years before the main events without having changed his appearance.[106] In the chibi parody series Petit Eva: Evangelion@School Kaworu is president of the school student council particularly popular among the students at his school who tends to protect Shinji, whom he loves.[107] In the manga Evangelion - Detective Shinji Ikari, written by Takumi Yoshimura, Ryōji Kaji and Kaworu are portrayed as two private investigators to whom Shinji is forced to turn.[108][109] In Neon Genesis Evangelion: Campus Apocalypse, his personality is similar to that of the original series.[110] At the beginning of the manga, Kaworu is seen by Shinji near a vending machine running away from the scene of an explosion with Rei Ayanami, with whom he has an unspecified bond. Like the original series, he immediately shows great interest in Shinji, making him uncomfortable.[111] He is also present in Neon Genesis Evangelion: Legend of the Piko Piko Middle School Students.[112] Kaworu is one of the main characters of a pachinko entitled CR Shinseiki Evangelion: Saigo no shisha (ＣＲ新世紀エヴァンゲリオン ～最後のシ者～, "CR Neon Genesis Evangelion: The Last Messenger"), released in Japan in April 2009.[113] During the game, Nagisa intervenes during Operation Yashima against Ramiel with his Eva-04.[114]

In addition to video games based on the original animated series, Kaworu has also appeared in media not related to the Evangelion franchise, such as Million Arthur,[115] Hortensia Saga,[116] Keri hime sweets, Summons Board,[117][118] Divine Gate,[119] Monster Strike,[120] Final Gear,[121] Puzzle & Dragons,[122] Puyopuyo!! Quest.,[123] and The Battle Cats.[124] Kaworu briefly assists Shinji in Neon Genesis Evangelion: Anima, which also features a "Dark Kaworu" who hates humans and music;[125] he is also present in the crossover franchise Super Robot Wars.[126]

Characterization and themes

[edit]

I wanted to make Kaworu someone that could be loved by anyone, an incredibly good person. Almost as though, by the time Shinji saw him, there was nothing he could do but get a complex.

—Hideaki Anno[9]

Kaworu is an erudite boy with an easy-going, straightforward and honest personality,[49] particularly with Shinji Ikari.[127] From the beginning, he shows great interest in Shinji, who is the first person he meets after arriving in Tokyo-3.[128] Following the death, departure, or alienation of all his peers, Shinji is isolated until he meets Kaworu. However, Kaworu's esoteric way of communicating confounds Shinji.[129] Kaworu also shows great interest in humanity, describing their music, particularly the "Ode to Joy", as the highest achievement of their culture, and often reflects on their fragility and nature. He is very direct in his interactions and seemingly does not know of or is interested in social conventions. He shows sympathy for Rei, who shares his hybrid nature.[49] Kaworu seeks active contact with Shinji as a friend.[55][58] Talking with Shinji, Kaworu says he thinks was "born to meet him".[130] Although Shinji emotionally distances himself from others, Kaworu helps him to open up and express his feelings.[131] Kaworu shows he feels spontaneous sympathy and affection towards Shinji despite his goals as the seventeenth Angel.[49] After they meet, Shinji accepts the friendly and unreserved nature of his actions and lets him approach.[49] He captivates Shinji with his charm.[132] Despite the short time they spend together, Kaworu and Shinji became interested in each other and build a relationship based upon mutual appreciation.[47] Kaworu is the first person to tell Shinji he loves him and the first person that Shinji opens his heart to.[133] When Kaworu takes over Eva-02, Shinji expresses disbelief in him not revealing his nature as an Angel before and says that Kaworu has betrayed him, "just like my father". Shortly before dying, Kaworu maintains his feelings of affection for Shinji, saying that meeting him made him happy.[134] After being forced to kill Kaworu, Shinji falls back into a state of profound affliction.[135][136] As he is grieving, Misato fails to console Shinji.[137]

Painting of a Japanese woman in traditional dress
Painting entitled Cristo crucificado
Misato and Rei's voice actresses described Kaworu as Shinji's Orihime, a mythological weaver, lover of cowherd Hikoboshi. Critics also compared him to Jesus Christ, since he sacrifices himself for humanity's sake.

Over time, controversies have arisen over the nature of Shinji and Kaworu's relationship, as has the nature of Kaworu's character.[138] Their relationship is depicted in an ambiguously worded manner,[139] as Kaworu uses the phrase suki tte koto sa (好きってことさ) to express his feelings for Shinji; it can be used to denote various types of intimacy or friendship to love. He also states that Shinji deserves koui (好意, sympathy).[140] In his book Anime Explosion!, writer Patrick Drazen expresses the view that Kaworu's offer of apparent love for Shinji is a tactic that he uses as the last Angel to disarm Shinji. Drazen reports that some believe that whether Kaworu as an Angel has any concept of sexuality is unclear because of the way he is presented in the series.[141]

Lynzee Loveridge of Anime News Network interpreted Kaworu as a negative figure, saying that "Kaworu's kindness has a nefarious side", seeing him as an Angel who deceives and uses Shinji for his own purposes.[142] For Mike Crandol he "is representative of blind, total and unconditional love and acceptance, but like those things Kaoru turns out to not be real at all".[143] Their colleague Zac Bertschy has a mixed opinion in his review of Rebuild 3.0. While not interpreting him as an antagonist or a negative figure, according to Bertschy, his presence demonstrates Shinji's emotional fragility and the difficulty of his long path to self-acceptance. He describes Kaworu as a loving, considerate partner who cares deeply for Shinji's happiness, refuses to leave him behind, and even takes Shinji's terrible burden as his own; he notes: "Shinji has misinterpreted Kaworu's love not as evidence that he himself is worth loving and thus his motivation can be entirely his own, but that Kaworu's love itself makes him worthwhile [...] But he's still just fooling himself. He's still making catastrophic decisions motivated by self-hatred – Kaworu's love doesn't make him a complete person."[144]

Kentaro Takekuma, the editor of a book of interviews with Evangelion staff named Parano Evangelion, believes that for Shinji, Kaworu turns out to be the first friend he can trust and a homosexual romantic interest.[145] Japanese scholar and writer Yūya Satō compared his role to that of the male characters of the yaoi, as well as that of the characters of the shōjo genre; for Sato, the appearance of Kaworu is more important on a thematic than narrative level, and would have the purpose of deepening the psychological aspects of Shinji. She compares his role to shōjo manga, where the process and the relational dynamics of the protagonists have more weight than the conclusion or the fights.[146] Japanator writer Elliot Gay described Kaworu as a positive figure, as for Shinji he "represents hope; the hope that maybe he can redo things".[147] For Kunihiko Ikuhara, director of Sailor Moon and a friend of Hideaki Anno: "Shinji is bullied by his father, slapped by Ayanami, called stupid by Asuka and Misato yells at him to behave like a man; he doesn't receive much compassion from others, and I believe that in this situation the only one to tell him that it's okay as it is, is Kaworu."[23] Kotono Mitsuishi and Megumi Hayashibara, Japanese voice actresses of Misato Katsuragi and Rei Ayanami, compared the two to Orihime and Hikoboshi, two legendary lovers of the Japanese tanabata myth.[148] Megumi Ogata, Shinji's voice actress, rejected the notion of Kaworu as his lover, or that he is someone he can depend on, but instead sees him as a friend that is his equal.[149] She pointed out that Shinji is more clingy in the original series, while in the Rebuild saga he has a more active role and his relationship with Kaworu is consequently different: "I feel like, this time, it's more than his attraction to Kaworu or what he learns from him – they're depicted more as friends gradually closing the distance between each other."[150]

In Apollonius of Tyana's Nuctemeron, Tabris is the Angel of free will and freedom.[151][152] In Neon Genesis Evangelion, connecting to the Judeo-Christian tradition, Tabris chooses to be killed by Shinji, finding absolute freedom in death.[153][154] Apollonius' Nuctemeron also mentions a demon named Cahor, spelled in Japanese as Kahoru (カホル), referred to as the Angel of lies and deceit, a detail that guidebook Evangelion Chronicle relates to his deceptive anthropomorphic features.[65] Writer Aaron Ploof compared Kaworu to Jesus Christ for his compassionate character and his sacrifice.[72] Conversely, Carl Horn, editor of the Evangelion manga in English, compared his comic version to the character Satan in Mark Twain's novella The Mysterious Stranger, for acting with indifference to human morality,[86] while French website Du9 likened the image of Kaworu killed by Eva-01 to Francisco Goya's Saturn Devouring His Son.[155] Wired also speculated that Kaworu is inspired by Satan, also known as Ryo Asuka, the main antagonist of Gō Nagai's Devilman.[156] According to Yūichirō Oguro, who curated contents of the home video editions of Neon Genesis Evangelion, he presents affinities with Lalah Sune, a female character from the Mobile Suit Gundam franchise. For Oguro, their relationship with the story's male protagonist traces an analogy between the characters: both appear in the last episodes of the series and seem to be able to understand the feelings of the male main character, dying by his own hand.[157]

Reviewer Toji Aida compared Kaworu to a ghost of the Noh theatre who disrupt the events of the story in the tripartite Jo-ha-kyū structure of the Rebuild series.[158] Los Angeles Times's Inkoo Kang also saw in his dialogues with Shinji, in which he tells him that all sins can be expiated, a reference to Christianity.[159] Furthermore, in the Rebuild saga, Kaworu claims that his name is written on the Book of Life (生命の書, seimei no sho), which would allow him to die and be reborn forever; he subsequently added to his name the name of Shinji, thus managing to meet him several times. According to critic Mario Pasqualini, the Book of Life cited by Kaworu is a reference to a concept of the same name in Christianity, according to which it is a text in which God would have listed in his hand the people destined to go to Heaven on the Last Judgment. The reviewer also compared the Rebuild to the science fiction movie Summer Vacation 1999 (1988). The film introduces a character named Kaoru, a new student at a boys' boarding school who has a love affair with fellow student Kazuhiko. Kaoru turns out to be the reincarnation of Yū, a boy who died by suicide shortly before, who was resurrected to try to win Kazuhiko over, change the story, and give him a new ending.[160][161]

Cultural impact

[edit]

Popularity

[edit]

Despite his one-episode appearance, Kaworu became popular among the series' fans, and is just as popular as the female protagonists of Neon Genesis Evangelion, Rei Ayanami and Asuka Langley Soryu.[157] He ranked high in popularity polls about the best anime male characters,[162][163][164][165] the strongest anime pilots,[166][167] most memorable anime deaths[168] and best Angels in Evangelion.[169][170] In 1997 and 1998, Kaworu took second and sixth place among the most popular male characters of the moment in two polls conducted by Animage magazine.[171][172] He also appeared in the monthly surveys of the magazine, remaining in the top twenty in 1997 polls.[173][174][175][176][177] In 1998 Animage ranked him twenty-third among the most popular anime characters of the moment,[178] and 43rd in 1999.[179]

In August and September 2009, after the release of the Evangelion 2.0 movie, he emerged in sixth and third place among the most popular characters of Newtype magazine;[180][181] in October he ranked fourth.[182] In March of the following year, Newtype included him among the most popular male characters of the 1990s, giving him second place after Shinji.[183] In February 2015, nearly twenty years after the series first aired, he emerged seventh on Newtype charts.[184] He also ranked in Evangelion popularity polls, usually in the top three.[185][186][187] In June 2021, after the 3.0+1.01 re-release of the final Rebuild film, he finished second most popular male character in another Newtype poll.[188]

Critical reception

[edit]

The only one who tells [Shinji] that he's fine just the way he is, is Kaworu. "You don't have to try to so hard." Perhaps because of that, after Kaworu appeared, the girls who had been watching Eva and who found it interesting but didn't feel the kind of enthusiasm that the boys felt about it were able to finally connect emotionally with Shinji. Perhaps because of that everyone loves Kaworu.

—Kunihiko Ikuhara[23]

Criticism of Kaworu's character and his relationship with Shinji in the original series has been positive. According to the website Otaquest, detractors have labeled him as a "yaoi fuel", "while others see him as a vital piece of the Evangelion puzzle".[189] For Caleb Bailey of Comic Book Resources the hot spring scene "blazed the trail" on homosexual relationships in Japanese animation, being "ahead of its time".[190] Anthony Gramuglia cited Shinji and Kaworu among the best queer representations in Japanese animation, but criticized Kaworu's degrading role in some spin-offs.[191]

LGBT-oriented portal Pride.com praised Kaworu and his relationship with Shinji, "especially during a time where LGBTQ representation was almost nonexistent in many forms of media".[192][193] Lyznee Loveridge of Anime News Network praised its development, finding it "refreshing".[194] Her colleague Kenneth Lee criticized Kaworu as "an enigmatic figure that further adds fuel to the fire of confusion, but he just manages to raise even more questions that remain unanswered".[195] Lee considers their relationship to be "disturbing, gratuitous, and unnecessary".[195] According to Lee, the openness Shinji shows towards Kaworu is implausible and "irrational": "Ultimately, the homosexuality issue seems nothing more than cheap shock value tactics to stun Generation X".[195]

Screen Rant[196][197] and Comic Book Resources[198] listed him among the best characters in the series. The twenty-fourth episode is considered one of the best of the series,[199][200] and his fight with Shinji was also received positively by critics.[201][202] For Comic Book Resources' Reuben Baron, in particular, his defeat is "the most dramatic example" of the narrative seriousness of Neon Genesis Evangelion later episodes.[203] Screen Rant's Jack Cameron feels his confrontation with Shinji is, "Perhaps the most heartbreaking of fights in the whole series".[204] Kaworu's last scenes were also appreciated by anime critic Chris Beveridge.[205] According to the Asiascape site, his last scene, in which he's trapped in the hands of Shinji's Eva-01 and marked by a long sixty-second freeze-frame, represents one of the more prominent uses of creative visual motifs in the series.[206]

Carlo Santos of Anime News Network appreciated the character of Kaworu and the role he played in Sadamoto's manga; he wrote, "the tension between the two boys soon becomes one of the most intriguing subplots".[207] Zac Bertschy, reviewing Evangelion 3.0, praised the development of their relationship, describing it as the film's highlight.[144] Anime Reign magazine expressed a similar opinion, considering it one of the few merits of characterization in the movie.[208] Nicole MacLean of THEM Anime Reviews found Kaworu's personality and relationship with Shinji in 3.0 effective, but wordy and rushed,[209] while Los Angeles Times's Inkoo Kang considered Kaworu's interactions with Shinji melodramatic.[159]

Legacy

[edit]

Kaworu Nagisa has been used for advertising campaigns[210][211] and a wide range of merchandise, including action figures,[212][213] nendoroids,[214] backpacks,[215] perfumes,[216] sweets,[217][218] cosmetics,[219][220] clothing,[221] toys,[222][223] key rings,[224] watches[225] and jewelry.[226][227]

On 22 May 1997, Kadokawa Shoten published a book dedicated to him entitled Kaworu - Evangelion Photograph (ＫＡＷＯＲＵ－カヲル－ 新世紀エヴァンゲリオン文庫写真集).[228] In August of the same year, Japanese yaoi magazine June published a volume entitled Zankoku na tenshi no yō ni (残酷な天使のように, lit. "Like a cruel angel"), dedicated to Shinji and Kaworu. The book, whose title is taken from the first verse of the show's theme song, contains two long interviews with Hideaki Anno, the discarded drafts for the twenty-fourth episode, and dojinshi by mangaka from the shonen ai scene, such as Reku Fuyanagi (Gundam Wing: Ground Zero) and Takamure Tamotsu (Umi ni nita sora no iro).[229] In 2005, to celebrate the tenth anniversary of the series release, mangaka Mine Yoshizaki designed an action figure of a female version of Angel Tabris named Tabris-XX.[230] As a promotion for its 10th Anniversary Special Edition of Evangelion, ADV Films published a humorous bumper sticker which reads "Kaworu died for your sins".[231] Kaworu's popularity is also parodied in a spin-off manga entitled It's A Miraculous Win (奇跡の勝ちは, Kiseki no kachi wa), released in fourteen volumes from 2006 to 2015, in which a parody of him works in a pachinko parkour and dates an obsessive Evangelion female fan named Sakura Mogami.[232]

In 2008 Kadokawa published a fanbook entitled All About Nagisa Kaworu: A Child of the Evangelion, a collection of fan letters, poems, reprinted manga pages, erotic dōjinshi, and interviews with gravure idols.[233] In 2015 Kadokawa published a third book dedicated to him, entitled Kaworu 2015: Nagisa Kaworu shashin-shū (KAWORU 2015 －渚カヲル写真集－), containing unpublished illustrations, information and interviews with staff.[234][235] In the same year the 7-Eleven chain put on the market a 166 centimetres (65 in) life-size statue of the character, auctioned and sold for over 1,728,000 Japanese yen.[236] In 2017 the official Evangelion Store inaugurated a summer festival dedicated to Kaworu, offering unreleased merchandising.[237] In 2018 it was used for features of the 500 Type Eva, a high-speed train dedicated to Evangelion.[238] In 2019 Bandai announced a card game dedicated to Evangelion titled Evangelion Card Game; one of the two sets of the game, called Ev02, is dedicated to the characters of Kaworu and Asuka.[239]

Tony Takezaki paid homage to him in his comic Tony Takezaki's Evangelion, in which he is parodied by Keroro, the protagonist of Keroro Gunso.[240] References and homages to the character of Kaworu are present in Spider-Verse,[241] and in the dorama The Full-Time Wife Escapist.[242] Japanese singer and voice actress Chiaki Kuriyama stated that she developed interest in dubbing after Kaworu and Rei Ayanami.[243] Comic Book Resources's Kristen Lopez also compared Albedo from Genshin Impact to Kaworu, speculating that the latter character may have been an influence for the former.[244]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Anno, Hideaki (2 November 2000). "Essay" (in Japanese). Gainax. Archived from the original on 20 February 2007. Retrieved 12 June 2017.
  2. ^ "CASTから一声". EVA友の会 (in Japanese). Vol. 12. 1997.
  3. ^ "『エヴァンゲリオン』カヲルは何者？正体と意味深なセリフを解説！" (in Japanese). 6 July 2017. Archived from the original on 29 January 2021. Retrieved 3 February 2021.
  4. ^ "Episode Commentaries". Neon Genesis Evangelion Platinum Edition Booklet. Vol. 7. A.D. Vision. 2005.
  5. ^ Neon Genesis Evangelion Film Book (in Japanese). Vol. 9. Kadokawa Shoten. p. 54.
  6. ^ a b Gainax, ed. (1997). Neon Genesis Evangelion Newtype 100% Collection (in Japanese). Kadokawa Shoten. p. 88. ISBN 4-04-852700-2.
  7. ^ Evangelion Chronicle (in Japanese). Vol. 19. Sony Magazines. p. 26.
  8. ^ Evangelion Chronicle (in Japanese). Vol. 1. Sony Magazines. p. 26.
  9. ^ a b c d e "庵野秀明 - Part I". 新世紀エヴァンゲリオン残酷な天使のように (in Japanese). Magazine Magazine. 1997. ISBN 4-906011-25-X.
  10. ^ Gainax, ed. (1997). Neon Genesis Evangelion Newtype 100% Collection (in Japanese). Kadokawa Shoten. p. 146. ISBN 4-04-852700-2.
  11. ^ "庵野秀明" (in Japanese). Archived from the original on 23 February 2010. Retrieved 3 February 2021.
  12. ^ ALL ABOUT 渚カヲル A CHILD OF THE EVANGELION (in Japanese). Kadokawa Group Publishing. 2008. p. 146.
  13. ^ Neon Genesis Evangelion Film Book (in Japanese). Vol. 9. Kadokawa Shoten. p. 46.
  14. ^ a b 別冊JUNE (in Japanese). Magazine Magazine. September 1996.
  15. ^ Platinum Edition Booklet. Vol. 2. A.D.Vision.
  16. ^ Mizutama, Keinojo (24 January 2000). "第９回「貞本義行」篇". SFオンライン. Archived from the original on 2 October 2000. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
  17. ^ Neon Genesis Evangelion Film Book (in Japanese). Vol. 9. Kadokawa Shoten. p. 52.
  18. ^ a b c "Interview: Yoshiyuki Sadamoto". ALL ABOUT 渚カヲル A CHILD OF THE EVANGELION (in Japanese). Kadokawa Group Publishing. 2008. pp. 146–155.
  19. ^ a b From the interview in Shinseiki Evangerion e conte shū = Neon genesis Evangelion. Gainax (Shohan ed.). Tōkyō: Fujimi Shobō. 1997. ISBN 4-8291-7350-5.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  20. ^ Evangelion Original〈3〉. Hideaki Anno, 秀明 庵野. 富士見書房. 1996. Foreword. ISBN 4-8291-7323-8. OCLC 674428440. Archived from the original on 24 March 2021. Retrieved 11 February 2021.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  21. ^ Ōizumi Mitsunari, ed. (1997). "Part Two: Hideaki Anno "tried in absentia" by the staff of Evangelion (First Part)". Anno Hideaki sukizo, Evangerion. Tōkyō: Ōta Shuppan. pp. 172–177. ISBN 4-87233-315-2. OCLC 46717139. Archived from the original on 24 March 2021. Retrieved 11 February 2021.
  22. ^ "ＥＶＡ ＳＰＥＣＩＡＬ ＴＡＬＫ ｗｉｔh 庵野秀明＋上野俊哉". Newtype (in Japanese). Kadokawa Shoten. November 1996.
  23. ^ a b c ALL ABOUT 渚カヲル A CHILD OF THE EVANGELION (in Japanese). Kadokawa Group Publishing. 2008. pp. 54–55.
  24. ^ "声優・石田彰『昭和元禄落語心中』の七変化ーー青年、老人、女役までこなす"神業"に迫る" (in Japanese). 24 January 2017. Archived from the original on 4 April 2017. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  25. ^ "鋼鉄のガールフレンド 2nd - Report". Gainax.co.jp (in Japanese). Gainax. Archived from the original on 9 October 2007. Retrieved 18 April 2020.
  26. ^ "惣流・アスカ・ラングレー役の声優 宮村優子さんへのアフレコインタビュー！". Broccoli.co.jp (in Japanese). Broccoli. Archived from the original on 22 April 2016. Retrieved 31 March 2017.
  27. ^ a b "ゲルゲトショッキングセンター - 1997.06.10". Usagi. Archived from the original on 22 November 2019. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  28. ^ a b ヱヴァンゲリヲン新劇場版:Q 記録集 (in Japanese). 17 November 2012. pp. 47–49.
  29. ^ "Akira Ishida as Kaworu Nagisa". Evangelion 3.0+1.0 Theatrical Pamphlet. Japan. 2021. p. 46. ASIN B08Y85RJ9Q.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  30. ^ "Kyle Sturdivant". Behind The Voice Actors. Archived from the original on 14 February 2021. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  31. ^ "Anime Midwest Announces Greg Ayres". Anime News Network. 8 June 2014. Archived from the original on 5 July 2018. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  32. ^ "Aaron Krohn". Behind The Voice Actors. Archived from the original on 6 November 2019. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  33. ^ "How Evangelion's Netflix Dub Compares to the ADV Original". Comic Book Resources. 23 June 2019. Archived from the original on 8 February 2021. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  34. ^ "Netflix Reveals Neon Genesis Evangelion's New English Dub Cast". Comic Book. 21 June 2019. Archived from the original on 8 February 2021. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  35. ^ Beveridge, Chris (15 November 2016). "Anime Limited Details 'Evangelion: 1.11 You Are (not) Alone' Release". Fandom Post. Archived from the original on 2 April 2017. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  36. ^ Green, Scott (5 October 2013). ""Evangelion 3.33" English Dub Cast Announced". Crunchyroll. Archived from the original on 29 October 2018. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  37. ^ "Amazon Prime Video Lists New English Dub Cast for 1st 3 Rebuild of Evangelion Films". Anime News Network. 7 August 2021. Archived from the original on 9 August 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2021.
  38. ^ "I like you" also appeared in the VHS subtitles
  39. ^ "Kanemitsu's website". translativearts.com. Archived from the original on 1 November 2020. Retrieved 9 February 2021.
  40. ^ Romano, Aja (24 June 2019). "Netflix's re-translation of Neon Genesis Evangelion is drawing backlash for queer erasure". www.vox.com. Archived from the original on 1 July 2019. Retrieved 9 February 2021.
  41. ^ "Japanese Fans, Official Translator Weigh in on Netflix Evangelion English Subtitle Debate". Anime News Network. Archived from the original on 27 June 2019. Retrieved 27 June 2019.
  42. ^ 兼光ダニエル真 (21 June 2019). "While I am not in a position to refer specifically to the decision involved in the scene you described, in all my translation of any title, I have tried my best to be faithful to the original source material. Bar none". @dankanemitsu. Archived from the original on 27 June 2019. Retrieved 28 June 2019.
  43. ^ Dalbey, Alex (27 June 2019). "Why did Netflix erase the queerness of 'Evangelion'?". The Daily Dot. Archived from the original on 7 November 2020. Retrieved 9 February 2021.
  44. ^ "The De-Queering of 'Neon Genesis Evangelion'". GeekDad. 27 June 2019. Archived from the original on 15 February 2021. Retrieved 9 February 2021.
  45. ^ "Original Neon Genesis Evangelion Actor Reveals Their Interpretation Of Controversial Scene". comicbook.com. Archived from the original on 15 February 2021. Retrieved 9 February 2021.
  46. ^ Porori 2010, pp. 78–79.
  47. ^ a b Porori 2010, pp. 80–81.
  48. ^ "The Seventeenth Angel". Platinum Edition Booklet. Vol. 7. A.D. Vision. 2005.
  49. ^ a b c d e f g Porori 2010, pp. 18–19.
  50. ^ a b Poggio, Alessandra (2008). Neon Genesis Evangelion Encyclopedia (in Italian). Dynit. pp. 94–95.
  51. ^ Neon Genesis Evangelion Film Book (in Japanese). Vol. 9. Kadokawa Shoten. p. 48.
  52. ^ Evangelion Chronicle (in Japanese). Vol. 16. Sony Magazines. p. 19.
  53. ^ Sadamoto, Yoshiyuki (31 March 2011). 新世紀エヴァンゲリオン 公式ガイドブック (in Japanese). Kadokawa Shoten. p. 29. ISBN 978-4-04-715671-5. The reason why Kaworu could set his synchro rate with Eva-02 at will is because like Eva-02 he was born from Adam. Had the Eva not had a soul already, he could have merged into the Eva. He could also control the Eva without piloting from inside. The reason why reconfiguration of core is not necessary is because he had the same soul as the Eva. Because the soul inside the Eva was closed inside its shell, he could control the Eva at his will.
  54. ^ "新世紀エヴァンゲリオン - Character" (in Japanese). Archived from the original on 18 September 2015. Retrieved 3 February 2021.
  55. ^ a b Gainax, ed. (1997). "登場人物". Death & Rebirth Program Book (in Japanese).
  56. ^ Fujie & Foster 2004, p. 38.
  57. ^ Neon Genesis Evangelion Film Book (in Japanese). Vol. 9. Kadokawa Shoten. p. 59.
  58. ^ a b c "用語集". Neon Genesis Evangelion: The End of Evangelion pamphlet (in Japanese). 1997.
  59. ^ Evangelion Chronicle (in Japanese). Vol. 23. Sony Magazines. p. 19.
  60. ^ Poggio, Alessandra (2008). Neon Genesis Evangelion Encyclopedia (in Italian). Dynit. p. 97.
  61. ^ Porori 2010, p. 95.
  62. ^ Evangelion Chronicle (in Japanese). Vol. 27. Sony Magazines. pp. 15–16.
  63. ^ Evangelion Chronicle (in Japanese). Vol. 29. Sony Magazines. pp. 9–12.
  64. ^ Porori 2010, p. 99.
  65. ^ a b Evangelion Chronicle (in Japanese). Vol. 13. Sony Magazines. pp. 3–4.
  66. ^ Fujie & Foster 2004, p. 54.
  67. ^ ALL ABOUT 渚カヲル A CHILD OF THE EVANGELION (in Japanese). Kadokawa Group Publishing. 2008. p. 195.
  68. ^ Poggio, Alessandra (2008). Neon Genesis Evangelion Encyclopedia (in Italian). Dynit. p. 99.
  69. ^ Porori 2010, p. 97.
  70. ^ Porori 2010, p. 90.
  71. ^ Kaiser, Vrai (28 June 2019). "Evangelion Neon Genesis Ending Explained". IGN. Archived from the original on 2 January 2021. Retrieved 2 February 2021.
  72. ^ a b Ploof, Aaron (6 June 2019). "Neon Genesis Evangelion: Rei and Kaworu". Archived from the original on 20 January 2021. Retrieved 2 February 2021.
  73. ^ Hideaki Anno, Kazuya Tsurumaki, Masayuki (directors) (1997). Neon Genesis Evangelion: The End of Evangelion (Film). Studio Gainax.
  74. ^ "New Trials". Newtype USA. Vol. 5, no. 11. February 2007. p. 63.
  75. ^ "Rebuilding it right". Newtype USA. Vol. 5, no. 12. March 2007. p. 50.
  76. ^ Evangelion 1.01 Booklet (in Japanese). 2007.
  77. ^ Hideaki Anno, Kazuya Tsurumaki, Masayuki (directors) (2007). Evangelion: 1.0 You Are (Not) Alone (Film). Studio Khara.
  78. ^ Evangelion Chronicle (in Japanese). Vol. 37. Sony Magazines. p. 10.
  79. ^ Evangelion Chronicle (in Japanese). Vol. 36. Sony Magazines. pp. 3–4.
  80. ^ Evangelion 2.22 : You Can (Not) Advance Booklet (in Japanese). Khara. 2010.
  81. ^ Hideaki Anno, Kazuya Tsurumaki, Masayuki (directors) (2009). Evangelion: 2.0 You Can (Not) Advance (Film). Studio Khara.
  82. ^ "鶴巻 和哉 interview". ヱヴァンゲリヲン新劇場版：破 全記録全集 (in Japanese). Ground Works. 2010. pp. 323–351. ISBN 978-4-905033-00-4.
  83. ^ "樋口 真嗣 interview". ヱヴァンゲリヲン新劇場版：破 全記録全集 (in Japanese). Ground Works. 2010. ISBN 978-4-905033-00-4.
  84. ^ Collins, Hannah (19 June 2019). "Shinji Get In The Robots: The 10 Most Powerful Evas In Evangelion, Ranked". Comic Book Resources. Archived from the original on 26 January 2021. Retrieved 26 July 2020.
  85. ^ Hideaki Anno, Kazuya Tsurumaki, Masayuki (directors) (2013). Evangelion: 3.0 You Can (Not) Redo (Film). Studio Khara.
  86. ^ a b c Horn, Carl Gustav (3 November 2004). "The Mysterious Stranger". Neon Genesis Evangelion. Vol. 9. Viz Media. ISBN 978-1-59116-707-5.
  87. ^ ALL ABOUT 渚カヲル A Child of the Evangelion (in Japanese). Kadokawa Group Publishing. 2008. p. 73.
  88. ^ Gramuglia, Anthony (29 April 2020). "The Best Version of Evangelion's Story Isn't Animated". CBR. Archived from the original on 6 May 2020. Retrieved 17 November 2013.
  89. ^ ALL ABOUT 渚カヲル A CHILD OF THE EVANGELION (in Japanese). Kadokawa Group Publishing. 2008. p. 130.
  90. ^ ALL ABOUT 渚カヲル A CHILD OF THE EVANGELION (in Japanese). Kadokawa Group Publishing. 2008. p. 85.
  91. ^ Sadamoto, Yoshiyuki (2004). Neon Genesis Evangelion. GAINAX. San Francisco, CA: Viz Communications. Stage 57. ISBN 978-1-56931-294-0. OCLC 41088584. Archived from the original on 10 August 2020. Retrieved 23 February 2021.
  92. ^ Evangelion Chronicle (in Japanese). Vol. 40. Sony Magazines. p. 21.
  93. ^ "Yoshiyuki Sadamoto commentary". Neon Genesis Evangelion. Vol. 11. Viz Media. 18 November 2008. ISBN 978-1-4215-2029-2.
  94. ^ a b "Milano Manga Festival: Reportage dei Sadamoto Days" (in Italian). 11 July 2013. Archived from the original on 12 July 2014. Retrieved 3 February 2021.
  95. ^ "貞本 義行". CUT (in Japanese). Rockin'On. December 2014. pp. 54–59.
  96. ^ Anno, Hideaki (12 December 1996). Neon Genesis Evangelion: Addition [終曲の続き] (audio) (in Japanese). King Records.
  97. ^ "Neon Genesis Evangelion: Versione integrale cinematografica". Neon Genesis Evangelion: The Feature Film - DTS Collector's Edition (in Italian). Dynit Italia. 2009. p. 6.
  98. ^ "鋼鉄のガールフレンド 2nd" (in Japanese). Gainax. Archived from the original on 3 February 2014. Retrieved 2 February 2021.
  99. ^ 新世紀エヴァンゲリオン鋼鉄のガールフレンド２ｎｄ公式ビジュアルブック (in Japanese). Kadokawa Shoten. February 2005. pp. 53, 82. ISBN 4-04-707175-7.
  100. ^ "カヲルの対人評価". 新世紀エヴァンゲリオン2 ザ・コンプリートガイド (電撃プレイステーション) (in Japanese). Media Works. March 2004. ISBN 978-4-8402-2642-4.
  101. ^ "碇シンジ育成計画" (in Japanese). Archived from the original on 21 November 2015. Retrieved 2 February 2021.
  102. ^ "碇シンジ育成計画 -Game" (in Japanese). Archived from the original on 8 October 2007. Retrieved 2 February 2021.
  103. ^ "碇シンジ育成計画 - Story" (in Japanese). Archived from the original on 8 October 2007. Retrieved 2 February 2021.
  104. ^ Takahashi, Osamu (2009–2016). Neon Genesis Evangelion : The Shinji Ikari Raising Project. Vol. 2. Michael Gombos, Carl Gustav Horn, GAINAX (1st ed.). Milwaukie, OR: Dark Horse Manga. ISBN 978-1-59582-321-2. OCLC 428684625. Archived from the original on 12 August 2017. Retrieved 21 February 2021.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  105. ^ Takahashi, Osamu (2009–2016). Neon Genesis Evangelion : The Shinji Ikari Raising Project. Vol. 3. Michael Gombos, Carl Gustav Horn, GAINAX (1st ed.). Milwaukie, OR: Dark Horse Manga. ISBN 978-1-59582-321-2. OCLC 428684625. Archived from the original on 31 August 2017. Retrieved 21 February 2021.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  106. ^ "角川書店 あすかコミックス「新世紀エヴァンゲリオン 鋼鉄のガールフレンド 2nd」 5巻（林ふみの著）". Evastore.jp (in Japanese). Evangelion Store. Archived from the original on 1 December 2020. Retrieved 30 April 2021.
  107. ^ Evangelion Chronicle (in Japanese). Vol. 37. Sony Magazines. pp. 15–16.
  108. ^ "Dark Horse Adds Trigun Anthology, Evangelion Detective Manga". Anime News Network. 30 September 2012. Archived from the original on 5 June 2019. Retrieved 2 February 2021.
  109. ^ "新世紀エヴァンゲリオン 碇シンジ探偵日記" (in Japanese). Archived from the original on 3 March 2010. Retrieved 2 February 2021.
  110. ^ Pattillo, Lissa (15 September 2010). "Neon Genesis Evangelion Campus Apocalypse Review". Anime News Network. Archived from the original on 27 March 2019. Retrieved 14 February 2021.
  111. ^ "That phenomenon that is Neon Genesis Evangelion". Dark Horse. 25 August 2010. Archived from the original on 2 July 2017. Retrieved 2 February 2021.
  112. ^ "Neon Genesis Evangelion: Legend of the Piko Piko Middle School Students Volume 1 TPB :: Profile :: Dark Horse Comics". www.darkhorse.com. Archived from the original on 26 February 2021. Retrieved 21 February 2021.
  113. ^ Evangelion Chronicle (in Japanese). Vol. 31. Sony Magazines. p. 21.
  114. ^ Evangelion Chronicle (in Japanese). Vol. 31. Sony Magazines. p. 24.
  115. ^ "【乖離性MA】『エヴァ』コラボで騎士と使徒が合体！？ドロップカード7枚を評価" (in Japanese). 17 May 2016. Archived from the original on 4 December 2020. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  116. ^ "Hortensia Saga Smartphone Game Collaborates With Evangelion". 22 October 2017. Archived from the original on 25 January 2021. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  117. ^ "『ケリ姫スイーツ』と『エヴァンゲリオン』コラボが復活！「第13号機 疑似シン化」などの新キャラクターが登場" (in Japanese). 25 November 2016. Archived from the original on 9 December 2017. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  118. ^ "『サモンズボード』に使徒、再び！『エヴァンゲリオン』コラボ情報まとめ" (in Japanese). 19 October 2016. Archived from the original on 9 December 2017. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  119. ^ "『ディバインゲート』 アニメ「エヴァンゲリオン」とのコラボイベントを復活して実施。コラボエリアに新たなボス登場" (in Japanese). 11 November 2016. Archived from the original on 15 November 2016. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  120. ^ "【モンスト】「エヴァンゲリオン」コラボ第3弾が開催！限定ガチャや「葛城ミサト」も新登場" (in Japanese). 5 October 2017. Archived from the original on 12 June 2018. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  121. ^ "《重裝戰姬》x《新世紀福音戰士》第二彈卡池開跑 聯動機師「真理」、「薰」登場" (in Chinese). 16 July 2020. Archived from the original on 7 August 2020. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  122. ^ Martin, Matt (20 February 2014). "Evangelion characters and dungeons to feature in Puzzle & Dragons update". Archived from the original on 26 July 2020. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  123. ^ "セガゲームス、『ぷよぷよ!!クエスト』で「エヴァンゲリオン」コラボを開始！ 「葛城ミサト」役・三石琴乃さんナレーションのテレビCMも放映中" (in Japanese). 10 August 2018. Archived from the original on 11 September 2018. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  124. ^ "Evangelion Returns to The Battle Cats With All-new Content". Anime News Network. 1 May 2021. Archived from the original on 2 August 2023. Retrieved 31 July 2023.
  125. ^ Yamashita, Ikuto (2020). Neon Genesis Evangelion : Anima. Vol. 4. Los Angeles: Seven Seas Entertainment. ISBN 978-1-64505-770-3. OCLC 1222778755. Archived from the original on 24 March 2021. Retrieved 14 February 2021.
  126. ^ "「スーパーロボット大戦X-Ω」進撃イベント「想いを翔ける翼」が開催！イベント支援フェスにはアッカナナジンとオウカオーが参戦" (in Japanese). 17 December 2020. Archived from the original on 20 December 2020. Retrieved 14 February 2021.
  127. ^ Neon Genesis Evangelion Film Book (in Japanese). Vol. 9. Kadokawa Shoten. p. 63. Nagisa constantly has her hands thrust into her pockets. Psychologically, people who do this want to hide their feelings. So you have to pay more attention to the hands kept in view when she converses with Shinji.
  128. ^ "Story" (in Japanese). Archived from the original on 18 September 2015. Retrieved 30 January 2021.
  129. ^ Evangelion Chronicle (in Japanese). Vol. 11. Sony Magazines. p. 6.
  130. ^ Evangelion Chronicle (in Japanese). Vol. 11. Sony Magazines. p. 8.
  131. ^ Evangelion Chronicle (in Japanese). Vol. 28. Sony Magazines. p. 13.
  132. ^ Neon Genesis Evangelion Film Book (in Japanese). Vol. 9. Kadokawa Shoten. p. 4.
  133. ^ Gainax, ed. (1997). "死に至る病". Death & Rebirth Program Book (in Japanese) (Special ed.).
  134. ^ Evangelion Chronicle (in Japanese). Vol. 28. Sony Magazines. p. 16.
  135. ^ Gainax, ed. (1997). "最後の使徒が、死んだ". Death & Rebirth Program Book (in Japanese).
  136. ^ Porori 2010, p. 88.
  137. ^ Gainax, ed. (1997). Neon Genesis Evangelion Newtype 100% Collection (in Japanese). Kadokawa Shoten. p. 84. ISBN 4-04-852700-2.
  138. ^ Drazen 2014, p. 98.
  139. ^ "Some thoughts on Netflix's Evangelion anime translation controversy, like, and love". SoraNews24 -Japan News-. 2 July 2019. Archived from the original on 12 February 2021. Retrieved 9 February 2021.
  140. ^ "The Beginning and the End, or 'Knockin' on Heaven's Door'". Neon Genesis Evangelion. Episode 24 (in Japanese). 13 March 1996.
  141. ^ Drazen 2014, p. 300.
  142. ^ Loveridge, Lynzee (8 October 2016). "7 Devilish Angels". Anime News Network. Archived from the original on 22 January 2021. Retrieved 30 January 2021.
  143. ^ Crandol, Mike (11 June 2002). "Understanding Evangelion". Anime News Network. Archived from the original on 18 May 2019. Retrieved 30 January 2021.
  144. ^ a b Bertschy, Zac (2 February 2016). "Evangelion 3.33: You Can (Not) Redo". Anime News Network. Archived from the original on 29 September 2019. Retrieved 30 January 2021.
  145. ^ Kentaro Takekuma, ed. (March 1997). 庵野秀明パラノ・エヴァンゲリオン (in Japanese). Ōta Shuppan. p. 107. ISBN 4-87233-316-0.
  146. ^ Kaichiro Morikawa, ed. (1997). The Evangelion Style (in Japanese). Daisan Shokan. pp. 84–85. ISBN 4-8074-9718-9.
  147. ^ Gay, Elliot (19 November 2012). "Review: Evangelion: 3.0 You Can (Not) Redo". Japanator. Archived from the original on 7 June 2013. Retrieved 30 January 2021.
  148. ^ Evangelion Symphony (エヴァンゲリオン交響楽映像版), VHS, April 3, 1998, KIVA-339.
  149. ^ "『エヴァンゲリオン』 緒方恵美×田中刑事 スペシャル対談 序". 季刊エス・SS公式サイト. 12 September 2021. Archived from the original on 18 April 2021. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
  150. ^ ヱヴァンゲリヲン新劇場版:Q 記録集 (in Japanese). 17 November 2012. pp. 42–46.
  151. ^ "これを読めば、エヴァが百倍楽しくなる！ 新世紀エヴァンゲリオン" (in Japanese). Archived from the original on 8 January 2009. Retrieved 30 January 2021.
  152. ^ Evangelion Chronicle (in Japanese). Vol. 30. Sony Magazines. pp. 22–23.
  153. ^ Evangelion Chronicle (in Japanese). Vol. 17. Sony Magazines. p. 23.
  154. ^ Raus, Will (27 February 2007). "Neon Genesis Evangelion - An Angelic Vision". Archived from the original on 25 August 2014. Retrieved 30 January 2021.
  155. ^ "L'influence de l'art occidental dans les mangas" (in French). Du9. Archived from the original on 12 May 2021. Retrieved 17 February 2022.
  156. ^ "5 opere che hanno ispirato Neon Genesis Evangelion" (in Italian). Wired. 21 June 2019. Archived from the original on 2 January 2021. Retrieved 30 January 2021.
  157. ^ a b Oguro, Yūichirō. "第57回 エヴァ雑記「第弐拾四話 最後のシ者」" (in Japanese). Archived from the original on 1 September 2013. Retrieved 30 January 2021.
  158. ^ Aida, Toji (29 January 2021). "【考察】『ヱヴァンゲリヲン新劇場版：Q』──答えを出すのではなく、問いつづけること。（QJWeb クイック・ジャパン ウェブ）". Yahoo! Japan (in Japanese). Archived from the original on 1 May 2021. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  159. ^ a b Kang, Inkoo (9 January 2014). "Review: 'Evangelion: 3.0 You Can (Not) Redo' a sleek anime mess". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on 12 February 2021. Retrieved 9 February 2021.
  160. ^ Pasqualini, Mario (5 September 2016). "Cinemanga – 1999 nen no natsu yasumi". Dimensione Fumetto. Archived from the original on 28 April 2021. Retrieved 23 October 2021.
  161. ^ Pasqualini, Mario (12 August 2021). "La visione di Evangelion da vicino – La lingua di Evangelion: parole, numeri, simboli e il "Libro della vita"". Dimensione Fumetto. Archived from the original on 12 August 2021. Retrieved 23 October 2021.
  162. ^ "Ranking". Newtype (in Japanese). Kadokawa Shoten. October 2010.
  163. ^ "歴代人気作品BEST26". Animedia (in Japanese). Gakken. July 2007.
  164. ^ "歴代人気作品BEST31". Animedia (in Japanese). Gakken. July 2012.
  165. ^ "歴代人気作品BEST32". Animedia (in Japanese). Gakken. July 2013.
  166. ^ "7 Female Anime Directors Worth Checking Out". Anime News Network. 1 October 2016. Archived from the original on 6 May 2019. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  167. ^ Stimson, Eric (23 September 2016). "Anime Fans Choose the Strongest Robot Pilots". Anime News Network. Archived from the original on 22 July 2020. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  168. ^ "10,000 Anime Fans Pick Which Character's Death Left the Biggest Impact". Anime News Network. 11 December 2014. Archived from the original on 22 February 2021. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  169. ^ "エヴァンゲリオンで一番カッコ良い使徒ランキング" (in Japanese). 22 December 2016. Archived from the original on 10 July 2017. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  170. ^ "エヴァンゲリオンで一番カッコ良い使徒といえば？ 2位「ラミエル」" (in Japanese). 11 January 2017. Archived from the original on 14 January 2017. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  171. ^ "第19回アニメグランプリ［1997年6月号］". Tokuma Shoten. Archived from the original on 19 October 2010.
  172. ^ "第20回アニメグランプリ［1998年6月号］". Tokuma Shoten. Archived from the original on 19 October 2010.
  173. ^ Animage (in Japanese). Tokuma Shoten. March 1997. p. 233.
  174. ^ "BEST 10". Animage (in Japanese). Tokuma Shoten. April 1997.
  175. ^ "BEST 10". Animage (in Japanese). Tokuma Shoten. August 1997.
  176. ^ "BEST 10". Animage (in Japanese). Tokuma Shoten. September 1997.
  177. ^ "BEST 10". Animage (in Japanese). Tokuma Shoten. November 1997.
  178. ^ "あけましてベスト100!". Animage (in Japanese). Tokuma Shoten. February 1998.
  179. ^ "あけましてベスト100!". Animage (in Japanese). Tokuma Shoten. February 1999.
  180. ^ "MONTHLY LINE UP". Newtype (in Japanese). Kadokawa Shoten. August 2009. p. 172.
  181. ^ "MONTHLY LINE UP". Newtype (in Japanese). Kadokawa Shoten. September 2009. p. 148.
  182. ^ "MONTHLY LINE UP". Newtype (in Japanese). Kadokawa Shoten. October 2009. p. 136.
  183. ^ "新世紀エヴァンゲリオン". Newtype (in Japanese). Kadokawa Shoten. March 2010. pp. 24–25.
  184. ^ "Rei Ayanami Kills "Fate/stay night" Servants in Latest "Newtype" Character Rankings". 12 January 2015. Archived from the original on 19 July 2020. Retrieved 28 January 2021.
  185. ^ McNaught, Shannon (13 February 2019). "Evangelion Store popularity contest reveals surprising results for a former fan favorite". SoraNews24. Archived from the original on 24 February 2021. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  186. ^ "女子が好きな『新世紀エヴァンゲリオン』キャラクターTOP3/ 1位はなんとあの脇役！" (in Japanese). 24 July 2019. Archived from the original on 30 September 2019. Retrieved 30 September 2019.
  187. ^ "Ranking" (in Japanese). Archived from the original on 4 August 2020. Retrieved 13 September 2020.
  188. ^ "Ranking". Newtype (in Japanese). Kadokawa Shoten. July 2021. p. 114.
  189. ^ Carley Garcia (29 January 2021). "8 Minutes, 32 Seconds: The Emotional Impact of Kaworu Nagisa". Otaquest.com. Otaquest. Archived from the original on 11 December 2021. Retrieved 11 December 2021.
  190. ^ Bailey, Caleb (18 November 2019). "Neon Genesis Evangelion: 5 Ways The Anime Was Ahead Of Its Time (& 5 Ways It Wasn't)". Comic Book Resources. Archived from the original on 11 January 2021. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  191. ^ Gramuglia, Anthony (6 June 2020). "The Best (and Worst) Anime Starring Queer Guys". Comic Book Resources. Archived from the original on 27 November 2020. Retrieved 26 July 2020.
  192. ^ "It's always a good time for LGBTQ+ anime!". Pride.com. 27 May 2020. Archived from the original on 26 July 2020. Retrieved 26 July 2020.
  193. ^ Ermac, Raffy (26 June 2019). "Queer Fans Aren't Happy With Netflix's Neon Genesis Evangelion Dub". Pride.com. Archived from the original on 30 July 2020. Retrieved 26 July 2020.
  194. ^ Loveridge, Lynzee (27 October 2012). "8 Alternative Couples Sure to Touch Your Heart". Anime News Network. Archived from the original on 5 April 2017. Retrieved 4 April 2017.
  195. ^ a b c Lee, Kenneth (8 September 1998). "The Thin Veneer Known as "Evangelion"". Anime News Network. Archived from the original on 24 July 2017. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  196. ^ Shaddock, Chris (19 January 2021). "Neon Genesis Evangelion: Best & Worst Characters, Ranked". Screen Rant. Archived from the original on 1 February 2021. Retrieved 28 January 2021.
  197. ^ Mitra, Ritwik (16 January 2021). "Neon Genesis Evangelion: The Main Characters, Ranked From Worst To Best By Character Arc". Screen Rant. Archived from the original on 7 February 2021. Retrieved 28 January 2021.
  198. ^ Ajay Aravind (2 December 2020). "Neon Genesis Evangelion: Every Main Character, Ranked By Likability". Comic Book Resources. Archived from the original on 21 January 2021. Retrieved 28 January 2021.
  199. ^ Covill, Max (17 June 2019). "Every Episode of 'Neon Genesis Evangelion' Ranked". Film School Rejects. Archived from the original on 8 January 2021. Retrieved 24 March 2021.
  200. ^ Walker, Alex (19 June 2019). "The Best Neon Genesis: Evangelion Episodes". Kotaku. Archived from the original on 8 January 2021. Retrieved 24 March 2021.
  201. ^ Covill, Max (19 June 2019). "The Perfect Shots of 'Neon Genesis Evangelion'". Archived from the original on 8 January 2021. Retrieved 24 March 2021.
  202. ^ Luquin, Eduardo (17 November 2019). "Evangelion: 5 Times We Sympathized With Shinji (& 5 When We Didn't)". Archived from the original on 8 January 2021. Retrieved 24 March 2021.
  203. ^ Baron, Reuben (2 December 2018). "10 Reasons Everyone Must Watch Evangelion (And 10 Aspects That Don't Quite Hold Up)". Comic Book Resources. Archived from the original on 12 November 2020. Retrieved 26 July 2020.
  204. ^ Cameron, Jack (7 July 2019). "Every Battle in Neon Genesis Evangelion Ranked". Comic Book Resources. Archived from the original on 17 November 2020. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  205. ^ Beveridge, Chris (24 January 2002). "Neon Genesis Evangelion Collection 0:8". Mania.com. Archived from the original on 12 January 2011. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  206. ^ Li, Carl; Nakamura, Mari; Roth, Martin (April 2013). "Japanese Science Fiction in Converging Media: Alienation and Neon Genesis Evangelion" (PDF). Asiascape Ops. 6. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 October 2014.
  207. ^ Santos, Carlo (28 June 2013). "Neon Genesis Evangelion [Omnibus]". Anime News Network. Archived from the original on 26 January 2021. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  208. ^ "Neon Genesis Evangelion 3.0". Anime Reign Magazine. 1 (2). World Anime Club: 32. 2013.
  209. ^ MacLean, Nicole (March 2016). "THEM Anime Reviews 4.0 - Evangelion 3.0: You Can (Not) Redo". www.themanime.org. Archived from the original on 7 March 2019. Retrieved 9 February 2021.
  210. ^ "Evangelion's Kaworu Promotes Beauty Salon's Perfect Skin Campaign". Anime News Network. 10 September 2015. Archived from the original on 26 January 2021. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  211. ^ "Gendo Gets A Clean Shave With Schick's New Evangelion Campaign". Anime News Network. 12 May 2015. Archived from the original on 14 February 2021. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  212. ^ Evangelion: The Essential Evangelion Chronicle: Side A (in French). Glénat Editions. 2009. p. 119. ISBN 978-2-7234-7120-6.
  213. ^ Porori 2010, pp. 103, 105.
  214. ^ "Une Nendoroid pour Kaworu Nagisa" (in French). Manga News. 27 December 2019. Archived from the original on 24 November 2020. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  215. ^ "SuperGroupies' Evangelion Lingerie Collection Gets Shinji, Kaworu-Themed Sets". Anime News Network. 15 July 2016. Archived from the original on 8 October 2018. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  216. ^ "30 Evangelion-Branded Things That Have No Reason to Be Evangelion-Branded". Anime News Network. 21 October 2013. Archived from the original on 5 February 2017. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  217. ^ "Next Round of Evangelion Cakes Previewed". Anime News Network. 3 September 2012. Archived from the original on 30 November 2020. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  218. ^ Li, Nicolaus (17 June 2020). "Evangelion Themed Bikkuri Man Packages Are Set to Release". Hype Beast. Archived from the original on 30 October 2020. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  219. ^ "Treat Yourself With An Evangelion". Anime News Network. 12 October 2014. Archived from the original on 7 December 2018. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  220. ^ Wong, Germaine (4 June 2020). "Sante FX Wants To Awaken Humanity With Its Evangelion Eye Drops". Geek Culture. Archived from the original on 13 February 2021. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  221. ^ "Evangelion Characters Get Their Own Clothing Lines". Anime News Network. 15 June 2014. Archived from the original on 14 February 2021. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  222. ^ Vincent, Brittany (14 February 2015). ""Eva Micro Macro" Merchandise Line Includes Plush Dolls". Crunchyroll. Archived from the original on 24 March 2021. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  223. ^ "エヴァンゲリオンよりぬいミニ／渚カヲル 制服ver(ムービック)". Eva Store. Archived from the original on 25 February 2021. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  224. ^ "エヴァンゲリオン つままれ(付属パーツ付)/カヲル(COSPA)[お届け予定：2020年9月中旬]" (in Japanese). Archived from the original on 18 January 2021. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  225. ^ "With an Evangelion watch on your wrist, "all is right with the world."". Sora News 24. 13 December 2015. Archived from the original on 18 February 2021. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  226. ^ "【エヴァ×THE KISSコラボ】第13号機 クロッシングシルバーリング Ver.カヲル" (in Japanese). Archived from the original on 17 February 2021. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  227. ^ "【エヴァ×THE KISSコラボ】第13号機 ダブルクロス シルバーネックレス Ver.カヲル 40cm" (in Japanese). Archived from the original on 29 September 2020. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  228. ^ "ＫＡＷＯＲＵ－カヲル－ 新世紀エヴァンゲリオン文庫写真集" (in Japanese). Archived from the original on 27 July 2020. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  229. ^ Horn, Carl Gustav (2004). "Eight books from Evangelion". Neon Genesis Evangelion. Vol. 8. Viz Media. ISBN 978-1-59116-415-9.
  230. ^ Porori 2010, p. 105.
  231. ^ Neon Genesis Evangelion - 10th Anniversary Set (DVD/R1). ADV Films. 22 October 2006.
  232. ^ Kiseki no kachi wa : Mogami sakura no dedama hokan keikaku. Kibohen. Yoshida, Kome., 吉田, 小梅. Tokyo: Sogo tosho. 2015. ISBN 978-4-86298-165-3. OCLC 930362334. Archived from the original on 24 March 2021. Retrieved 11 February 2021.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  233. ^ "ＡＬＬ ＡＢＯＵＴ 渚カヲル Ａ ＣＨＩＬＤ ＯＦ ＴＨＥ ＥＶＡＮＧＥＬＩＯＮ". Kadokawa.it (in Japanese). Kadokawa. Archived from the original on 2 May 2021. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
  234. ^ "An Art Book of That Good-Looking Character is Coming Out!!". Otaku Mode. 26 February 2015. Archived from the original on 9 December 2017. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  235. ^ "角川書店 「KAWORU 2015 －渚カヲル写真集－」" (in Japanese). Archived from the original on 3 December 2020. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  236. ^ "Sharp Officially Unveils Evangelion Phone". Anime News Network. 21 October 2015. Archived from the original on 25 January 2021. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  237. ^ "Kaworu Summer Fair Means More Angelic Goodies". Anime News Network. 12 July 2017. Archived from the original on 14 February 2021. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  238. ^ Vincent, Brittany (6 February 2018). "The Evangelion Bullet Train Will Pull Into The Station One Final Time This May". Anime News Network. Archived from the original on 25 September 2018. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  239. ^ "Evangelion il gioco di carte annunciato da Bandai" (in Italian). 9 November 2019. Archived from the original on 1 December 2020. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  240. ^ Takahashi, Osamu (6 January 2015). "Misato's Fan Service Center". Neon Genesis Evangelion: the Shinji Ikari Raising Project. Vol. 15. Dark Horse Comics. ISBN 9781616556075.
  241. ^ "Spider-Man Made Neon Genesis Evangelion Marvel Comics Canon". 22 September 2021. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  242. ^ "新垣結衣の"元彼"「シンジくん」の前は「カヲルくん」 再びのエヴァネタが話題に" (in Japanese). 15 November 2016. Archived from the original on 12 January 2021. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  243. ^ "栗山千明、漫画好きでも「絵がすごいヘタなんです」- 小学生で才能に見切り" (in Japanese). 2 April 2017. Archived from the original on 15 November 2017. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  244. ^ Kristen Lopez (27 November 2021). "Did Neon Genesis Evangelion's Kaworu Inspire Genshin Impact's Albedo?". Comic Book Resources. Archived from the original on 28 November 2021. Retrieved 2 November 2021.

Further reading

[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kaworu_Nagisa&oldid=1257005606"