Örskär
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|
 Örskär Lighthouse | |
 | |
| Location | Örskär, north of Gräsö Östhammar Sweden |
|---|---|
| Coordinates | 60°31′35″N 18°22′24″E / 60.526368°N 18.373346°E |
| Tower | |
| Constructed | 1687 (first) |
| Foundation | stone |
| Construction | stone tower |
| Automated | 1978 |
| Height | 32 metres (105 ft) |
| Shape | massive two-stage tower: octagonal prism lower section, cylindrical upper section with balcony and lantern |
| Markings | white tower with a black band on each stage |
| Power source | rapeseed oil, kerosene, acetylene, electricity  |
| Operator | Swedish Maritime Administration (Sjöfartsverket)[1] |
| Heritage | governmental listed building complex, governmental listed building |
| Light | |
| First lit | 1740 (current) |
| Focal height | 36.5 metres (120 ft) |
| Lens | mirrors (original), 4th order fresnel lens (current) |
| Range | 16 nautical miles (30 km; 18 mi) |
| Characteristic | Fl (2) W 10s. |
| Sweden no. | SV-2125 |
Örskär, is a Swedish island and lighthouse station located north of Gräsö on the Uppland coastline. A large part of the island is a nature reserve and it is rich of unusual flowers such as wild orchids. The island is also noted to be a good place for birding. A very small hostel exists on the island.
History
[edit]Örskär was one of the first lightstations to be built in Sweden. The first lighthouse was constructed of wood in 1684, but was burned down in 1738 when it was hit by the lightning. The present tower was constructed by the royal architect Carl Hårleman. The flame in the lantern ran on colza oil lamps, and mirrors collected the light. Kerosene lamps replaced the colza oil lamps in the 1870s. It was finally electrified in 1954. Today the lighthouse is owned and remote-controlled by the Swedish Maritime Administration.
Climate
[edit]Örskär has a humid continental climate (Dfb) with maritime influence. Its exterior position from the Swedish mainland renders in smaller seasonal variations than nearby locations. Although it is a maritime microclimate, it is more prone to extremes in temperatures than other outlying weather stations.
| Climate data for Örskär (2002–2015; precipitation 1961–1990; extremes since 1937) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 9.1 (48.4) |
10.5 (50.9) |
15.9 (60.6) |
22.0 (71.6) |
28.0 (82.4) |
34.5 (94.1) |
32.5 (90.5) |
30.6 (87.1) |
26.0 (78.8) |
20.2 (68.4) |
12.1 (53.8) |
10.5 (50.9) |
34.5 (94.1) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 0.4 (32.7) |
0.0 (32.0) |
2.9 (37.2) |
8.0 (46.4) |
12.7 (54.9) |
17.1 (62.8) |
20.9 (69.6) |
20.2 (68.4) |
15.8 (60.4) |
9.6 (49.3) |
5.4 (41.7) |
2.4 (36.3) |
9.6 (49.3) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −1.3 (29.7) |
−1.8 (28.8) |
0.4 (32.7) |
4.7 (40.5) |
9.4 (48.9) |
13.9 (57.0) |
17.8 (64.0) |
17.3 (63.1) |
13.3 (55.9) |
7.6 (45.7) |
3.8 (38.8) |
0.7 (33.3) |
7.1 (44.8) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −3.1 (26.4) |
−3.6 (25.5) |
−2.1 (28.2) |
1.5 (34.7) |
6.1 (43.0) |
10.6 (51.1) |
14.7 (58.5) |
14.5 (58.1) |
10.7 (51.3) |
5.7 (42.3) |
2.1 (35.8) |
−1.0 (30.2) |
4.6 (40.3) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −26.0 (−14.8) |
−28.9 (−20.0) |
−22.1 (−7.8) |
−15.8 (3.6) |
−5.2 (22.6) |
2.4 (36.3) |
7.1 (44.8) |
5.5 (41.9) |
−0.4 (31.3) |
−3.4 (25.9) |
−10.5 (13.1) |
−17.3 (0.9) |
−28.9 (−20.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 30.5 (1.20) |
22.8 (0.90) |
22.2 (0.87) |
25.5 (1.00) |
26.0 (1.02) |
30.5 (1.20) |
44.6 (1.76) |
60.3 (2.37) |
48.6 (1.91) |
39.5 (1.56) |
46.8 (1.84) |
34.9 (1.37) |
432.0 (17.01) |
| Source 1: SMHI[2] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: SMHI Monthly Data 2002–2015[3] | |||||||||||||
See also
[edit]
References
[edit]- ^ Rowlett, Russ. "Lighthouses of Sweden: Southern Bothnia". The Lighthouse Directory. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Retrieved 6 April 2016.
- ^ "Precipitation Normals 1961–1990 (Swedish)" (in Swedish). Swedish Metereological and Hydrological Institute (Örskär code 10 832). Archived from the original on 1 January 2016. Retrieved 28 June 2016.
- ^ "Monthly and Yearly Statistics (Swedish)" (in Swedish). SMHI. 28 June 2016. Archived from the original on 20 February 2015. Retrieved 28 June 2016.
- Rowlett, Russ. "Lighthouses of Sweden: Southern Bothnia". The Lighthouse Directory. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Retrieved 13 May 2009.
External links
[edit]- Örskär in Lighthouse Digest's Lighthouse Explorer Database
- Sjofartsverket Archived 8 April 2016 at the Wayback Machine (in English)
- The Swedish Lighthouse Society
- Örskärs fyr Archived 13 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine (in English)
| Authority control databases: Örskär lighthouse |
|---|
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