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Holland IV , also called the Zalinski Boat in 1885
History
United States
NameHolland Boat No. IV
NamesakeJohn Philip Holland
BuilderJohn Philip Holland
LaunchedSeptember 4, 1885
FateSold for scrap after testing at the end of 1886
NotesWooden hull with iron supports
General characteristics
TypeSubmarine
Length50 ft (15 m)
Beam8 ft (2.4 m)
Propulsion
  • 1 × 4 hp (3 kW) Brayton petroleum engine
  • 1 screw
Speed7.8 knots (14.4 km/h; 9.0 mph)
Crew1

The Holland IV , also called the Zalinski Boat, was an experimental submarine built by John Philip Holland and financed by United States Army Lieutenant Edmund Zalinski in 1885. For the project Holland and Zalinski founded the Nautilus Submarine Boat Company (1885-1886).[1][2][3]

History

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Edmund Zalinski wanted a vessel for the Zalinski dynamite gun. John Philip Holland was a submarine engineer and inventor. Edmund Zalinski and some of his friends and employees put in the funds for the prototype submarine. Holland designed a one-man submarine 50 feet long and 8 feet in diameter built with a wooden hull on an iron frame. On September 4, 1885, the Holland IV was seriously damaged during a launch. The launch wood ship way broke as the sub was being launched. Holland IV then smashed into pier pilings. The Holland IV was raised, reapaired and taken to Fort Hamilton in Brooklyn, New York. The operator of the Holland IV would stand in the center of the vessel and was able to look out glass windows to maneuver the submarine. The submarine has a single propeller powered by a Brayton cycle gasoline engine. To dive and surface the sub had vertical and horizontal rudders movable by the operator. The Holland IV had compressed air to surface the submarine. Holland IV has a top speed of 9 mph. Initial tests at Hendrick's Reef, near Fort Lafayette, New York, were good as the submarine was able to successfully drive and surfaces. For safety, Holland had designs so the operator could depart the submarine.[1][2]

    • The Holland IV was designed to have three modes of attacking other vessels:[1][2]
  • Zalinski dynamite gun, to be placed at the bow of the submarine.
  • Maneuver the submarine under a vessel and detach buoyant cartridges charge. Then move the submarine away from the charge and exploded the explosive charge electricity over wires.
  • Fire a steel-pointed cartridge explosive charge into the bottom of a vessel. Then move the submarine away from the charge and exploded the explosive charge electricity over wires.

Background

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Holland's first submarine was the Holland I built and tested in 1878. Holland's second submarine was the Fenian Ram also called the Holland II, built and tested in 1881.[4] The Holland III was built and tested in 1883. The most successful submarine Holland VI, was launched May 17, 1897, later sold to the United States Navy and renamed USS Holland (SS-1).[5][6] The Holland Torpedo Boat Company was founded 1893.[7]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c "The Zalinski Boat". militaryhonors.sid-hill.us.
  2. ^ a b c Scientific American on August 7, 1886
  3. ^ "Submarines On Stamps". www.submarinesonstamps.co.il.
  4. ^ "John Holland Father of the Modern Submarine". navy.mil. 2006. Archived from the original on 21 October 2012. Retrieved 28 August 2012.
  5. ^ "First modern submarine built in Paterson and launched in the Passaic River, January 13, 2021".
  6. ^ 'The Holland Submarine Torpedo Boat', The Engineer, vol. 85, 13 May 1898, p. 461.
  7. ^ Profile Archived 6 October 2013 at the Wayback Machine, United States Navy. Retrieved 21 December 2015.
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