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Yurii Shukhevych

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Yurii-Bohdan Romanovych Shukhevych
Юрій-Богдан Романович Шухевич
Shukhevych in 2010
Head of Ukrainian National Assembly – Ukrainian National Self Defence
In office
December 1990 – August 1994
In office
October 2006 – October 2014
People's Deputy of Ukraine
8th convocation
In office
27 November 2014[1] – 29 July 2019
ConstituencyRadical Party, No.5[2]
Personal details
Born(1933-03-28)28 March 1933
Ohladów, Lwów Voivodeship, Second Polish Republic (now Ukraine)
Died22 November 2022(2022-11-22) (aged 89)
Munich, Germany
Resting placeLychakiv Cemetery, Lviv
Political partyRadical Party
Other political
affiliations		Ukrainian National Assembly – Ukrainian National Self Defence (December 1990 till October 2014)
AwardsHero of Ukraine Order of the State

Yurii-Bohdan Romanovych Shukhevych (Ukrainian: Ю́рій-Богда́н Рома́нович Шухе́вич, 28 March 1933 – 22 November 2022)[3] was a Ukrainian far-right politician. A member of the Ukrainian Helsinki Group, he was a political prisoner and the son of Roman Shukhevych. He was a long-serving leader of the Ukrainian National Assembly – Ukrainian National Self Defence.[4] Shukhevych spent over 30 years in the Soviet prisons and concentration camps.[5] In the 2014 Ukrainian parliamentary election Shukhevych was elected into the Ukrainian parliament for Radical Party.[6]

Early life

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Yurii Shukhevych was born on 28 March 1933, in the town of Ohladów, Lwów Voivodeship, Poland (now Ohliadiv, Lviv Oblast of Ukraine).[4] He is the son of Roman Shukhevych, a commander of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army.[7] In 1944, when the West Ukraine was re-occupied by the Red Army, he was arrested with his mother and sent to Siberia. In 1946 Shukhevych was taken away from his mother to an orphanage for children of enemies of the people in Donets Basin. He ran away twice back home, but later was taken back again.

Arrested when he was 15 years old, Shukhevych was accused of being a member of the OUN-UPA, the nationalist underground organization that his father commanded. After he turned 16, in 1949, he was sentenced to 10 years in the Vladimir Central Prison.[7][8] When his father was killed in action, in 1950, Yuri, now aged 17, was taken from Vladimir prison to Lviv to identify the corpse.[9] He was released under an amnesty in 1954, after the death of Joseph Stalin, but the USSR Procurator General ordered that he be sent back to prison to complete his sentence. On the day of his release, in 1958, he was rearrested, charged with having conducted "anti-soviet agitation" in prison, and sentenced to another ten years, in a labor camp in Mordovia.

After his release in August 1968, he was forbidden to live in Ukraine. He settled in Nalchik, in the North Caucasus, married, had two children, worked as an electrician, and wrote an account of his 20 years in prison. In February 1972, he was arrested in Nalchik after anti-soviet literature was discovered during a police raid on his rooms and handed over to the KGB in Kyiv, then sent back to Nalchik, and sentenced to another nine years in labor camps, followed by five in exile.[10] In 1973, he wrote a letter to the UN from a labor camp in Mordovia, for which another year was added to his sentence. He was held in Vladimir Prison, then transferred to the Tatar prison. During his time as a prisoner, Shukhevych went blind.

After he had completed his prison sentence, in 1983, he was exiled to Siberia, and kept in a nursing home in Tomsk. He was allowed to return to his native Lviv in 1988, at the age of 55, after 44 years of absence.[9]

Political career

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In December 1990 Shukhevych was elected as head of far-right paramilitary organization Ukrainian National Assembly which itself was renamed Ukrainian National Assembly – Ukrainian National Self Defence (UNA-UNSO) in September 1991.[11][8]

Shukhevych failed to register as a candidate in the 1991 Ukrainian presidential election because of a failure to collect 100,000 signatures.[11][12]

Yuri Shukhevych with his father Roman Shukhevych, 1940

In the 1994 Ukrainian parliamentary election Shukhevych failed to win after receiving no more than 7.44% of the votes in single-member districts in Zolochiv.[4]

In August 1994 Shukhevych retired from active political life because of health problems and relationships with other leaders of the party had finally deteriorated.[4]

Early 2006 Shukhevych returned to politics and entered in the electoral list of the UNA-UNSO for the March 2006 Ukrainian parliamentary election at number 1.[4] The party, however, lost the election and gained no more than 0.06% of the total votes.[4][13] The party did not participate in the 2007 elections.[13]

On 19 August 2006, Shukhevych was awarded the title Hero of Ukraine "for civil courage, long-term social, political and human rights activities in the name of independence of Ukraine".[4]

In October 2006 UNA-UNSO re-elected Shukhevych as its chairman.[4] And again did so in June 2010.[14]

In February 2014 Shukhevych signed a petition that asked to respect the Russian language and Russian-speaking citizens of Ukraine lifestyle "so they do not feel like strangers in Ukraine".[4]

In October 2014 Shukhevych was removed from his post as UNA-UNSO chairman due to the fact that he had agreed to run for the parliamentary elections for Radical Party of Oleh Liashko.[4] In the 2014 Ukrainian parliamentary election Shukhevych as a candidate (placed 5th on the party list) of Radical Party was elected into the Ukrainian parliament.[6][15]

In 2015 he was instrumental in the drafting and passing of the Ukrainian decommunization laws.[7]

He died in Munich in the night of 21 to 22 November 2022, where he was undergoing medical treatment.

References

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  1. ^ CEC registers 357 newly elected deputies of 422 Archived 4 December 2014 at the Wayback Machine, National Radio Company of Ukraine (25 November 2014)
    Parliament to form leadership and coalition on November 27, UNIAN (26 November 2014)
  2. ^ "People's Deputy of Ukraine of the VIII convocation". Official portal (in Ukrainian). Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
  3. ^ Умер Герой Украины Юрий Шухевич (in Russian)
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j (in Ukrainian) Short bio Archived 19 November 2015 at the Wayback Machine, LB
  5. ^ Ukrainian Nationalism in the 1990s: A Minority Faith by Andrew Wilson, Cambridge University Press, 1996, ISBN 0521574579 (page 276)
  6. ^ a b Olszański, Tadeusz A. (16 October 2014), Before the parliamentary elections in Ukraine, OSW—Centre for Eastern Studies
  7. ^ a b c "Laws 2558 and 2538-1: On Critical Inquiry, the Holocaust, and Academic Freedom in Ukraine". Політична Критика. Retrieved 8 March 2018.
  8. ^ a b Rudling, Per Anders (2016). "The Cult of Roman Shukhevych in Ukraine: Myth Making with Complications". Fascism. 5 (1): 29. doi:10.1163/22116257-00501003. ISSN 2211-6249. The award ceremony for Shukhevych was preceded by a march of UPA veterans through Kyiv. Shukhevych's son Iuryi, the leader of the far-right paramilitary organization UNA-UNSO, accepted the medal on his father's behalf. Uniformed members of this, and other radical right-wing groups, dressed in brownshirts and black ties joined the UPA veterans.
  9. ^ a b "Юрий-Богдан Шухевич: политзаключенный, националист и депутат". my.рейтинги. Retrieved 1 November 2022.
  10. ^ A Chronicle of Current Events (27): 283–84. 15 October 1972. {{cite journal}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  11. ^ a b The radical right in Central and Eastern Europe since 1989 by Sabrina Ramet, Pennsylvania University Press. 1999 ISBN 0-271-01810-0 (page 290 and continuing from there)
  12. ^ Ukrainian Nationalism in the 1990s: A Minority Faith by Andrew Wilson, Cambridge University Press, 1996, ISBN 0521574579 (page 130)
  13. ^ a b (in Ukrainian) Results of elections of 1998, 2002, 2006 and 2007 for UNA-UNSO, DA-TA
  14. ^ Shukhevych re-elected as UNA-UNSO leader, Kyiv Post (30 June 2010)
  15. ^ Ukraine's Radical Party of Oleh Lyashko: Facts and Details, RIA Novosti (25 October 2014)
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