Yeden
Yeden, in Turkish makam theory, is the note preceding the tonic note (Durak) as the leading tone within a makam.[1]
History
[edit]The term Yeden has been first introduced into Turkish makam theory by Rauf Yekta Bey, he considered the Yeden a complementary feature of a makam.[1]
Melodic function
[edit]The Yeden, as with the leading tone in Western classical music, leads to the resolution of a makam. While the Yeden note is generally octave equivalent with the 7th tone within the scale, sometimes it may be a different note. When it is a different note, sometimes its octave equivalent counterpart can be used in the scale, even if it is normally not in the scale.
There are three different intervals that a Yeden can have in the 53 Tone Equal Temperament in Turkish makam theory, developed by and named after the Arel-Ezgi-Uzdilek notation.
1. Bakiye
[edit]The Bakiye is equivalent to 4 Holdrian Commas (90.57 cents), which as a leading tone is slightly sharper than the 100 cent Western leading note.
A scale that uses this Yeden is Mahur.[2]
2. Küçük Mücennep
[edit]The Küçük Mücennep is equivalent to 5 Holdrian Commas (113.21 cents), which as a leading tone is slightly flatter than the 100 cent Western leading note.
A scale that uses this Yeden is Rast.[2]
3. Tanini
[edit]The Tanini is equivalent to 9 Holdrian Commas (203.77 cents), which is very slightly flatter than the 200 cent Western subtonic.
The Yeden being either Bakiye or Küçük Mücennep away from the tonic provide for a stronger resolution. If the Yeden is a Tanini away from the tonic, it's a weaker resolution.[1]
A scale that uses this Yeden is Uşşak.[2]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b c Öztürk, Selçuk. "KÜRDÎLİHİCAZKÂR MAKAMI KURAMINDA YEDEN KAVRAMININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ". Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Elektronik Dergisi.
- ^ a b c "Türk Müziği Sertifika Eğitim Programı" (PDF). İstanbul University.