Phylogenetic classification of bony fishes

The phylogenetic classification of bony fishes is a phylogenetic classification of bony fishes and is based on phylogenies inferred using molecular and genomic data for nearly 2000 fishes. The first version was published in 2013 and resolved 66 orders. The latest version (version 4) was published in 2017 and recognised 72 orders and 79 suborders.

Phylogeny

The following cladograms show the phylogeny of the Osteichthyes down to order level, with the number of families in parentheses.

Osteichthyes

Sarcopterygii Actinista Coelacanthiformes (1) — coelacanths Dipnotetrapodomorpha Dipnomorpha Ceratodontiformes (3) — lungfishes Tetrapodomorpha — tetrapods (lobe‑finned fishes) Actinopterygii Cladistia Polypteriformes (1) — bichirs Chondrostei Acipenseriformes (2) — paddlefishes and sturgeons Neopterygii Holostei Amiiformes (1) — bowfins Lepisosteiformes (1) — gars Teleostei Elopomorpha Elopiformes — tenpounders (ladyfishes), tarpons Anguilliformes — eels Notacanthiformes — halosaurs and deep-sea spiny eels Albuliformes — bonefishes Osteoglossocephalai Osteoglossomorpha Hiodontiformes (1) — mooneyes Osteoglossiformes (5) — bonytongues, butterflyfishes, elephantfishes, abas Clupeocephala Otomorpha Clupeiformes (5) — herrings (including anchovies, sardines, etc) Alepocephali Alepocephaliformes (2) — slickheads, tubeshoulders Ostariophysi Gonorynchiformes (3) — milkfishes, beaked sandfishes, knerias and snake mudheads Otophysa Cypriniformes (24) — carps, loaches, minnows, and relatives Characiformes (23) — characins (including tetras and piranhas) Gymnotiformes (5) — Neotropical knifefishes Siluriformes (41) — catfishes (=Otophysi) (=Otocephala) Euteleosteomorpha Lepidogalaxiiformes (1) — salamanderfishes Protacanthopterygii Argentiniformes (4) — marine smelts Galaxiiformes (1) — galaxids Esociformes (2) — pikes, mudminnows Salmoniformes (1) — trout, salmon, and whitefish Stomiati Osmeriformes (4) — freshwater smelts Stomiiformes (4) — dragonfishes Neoteleostei Ateleopodiformes (1) — jellynose fishes Eurypterygii Cyclosquamata Aulopiformes (17) — lizardfishes Ctenosquamata Myctophiformes (2) — lanternfishes, blackchins Acanthomorphata spiny-rayed fishes (43 orders, see below) (=Acanthomorpha) (=Euteleostei) (ray‑finned fishes)

The 43 orders of spiny-rayed fishes are related as follows:

Acanthomorphata

Lampriformes (6) — opahs (velifers, opahs, crestfishes, tapertails, ribbonfishes, oarfishes) Paracanthopterygii Percopsiformes (3) — trout-perches, pirate perches, cavefishes Zeiformes (6) — dories Stylephoriformes (1) — tube-eyes or thread-tails Gadiformes (12) — cods and hakes Polymixiipterygii Polymixiiformes (1) — beardfishes Acanthopterygii Trachichthyiformes (5) — roughies Beryciformes (8) — alfonsinos, whalefishes, etc Holocentriformes (1) — squirrelfishes Percomorphaceae Ophidiaria Ophidiiformes (1) — cusk-eels Batrachoidaria Batrachoidiformes (1) — toadfishes Pelagiaria Scombriformes (17) — mackerels Syngnatharia Syngnathiformes (10) — pipefishes and seahorses Gobiaria Kurtiformes (2) — nurseryfishes and cardinalfishes Gobiiformes (9) — gobies Anabantaria Synbranchiformes (4) — swamp eels Anabantiformes (7) — labyrinth fishes Carangaria Carangiformes* (5) — jacks Istiophoriformes (2) — barracudas, swordfishes and billfishes Pleuronectiformes (14) — flatfishes incertae sedis (Lactariidae, Menidae, Polynemidae) Carangiformes 1 (Nematistiidae, Rachycentridae, Coryphaenidae, Echeneidae) incertae sedis (Sphyraenidae) incertae sedis (Leptobramidae, Toxotidae) Istiophoriformes Carangiformes 2 (Carangidae) incertae sedis (Centropomidae) Pleuronectiformes (7 families incertae sedis) Ovalentaria Cichlomorphae Cichliformes (2) — cichlids Atherinomorphae Beloniformes (5) — needlefishes Cyprinodontiformes (10) — killifishes Atheriniformes (10) — silversides Mugilomorphae Mugiliformes (1) — mullets Blenniimorphae Gobiesociformes (1) — clingfishes Blenniiformes (6) — blennies (9 families incertae sedis) Eupercaria Gerreiformes (1) — Uranoscopiformes (4) — Labriformes (1) — wrasses and relatives Ephippiformes (2) — Chaetodontiformes (2) — butterflyfishes and ponyfishes Acanthuriformes (3) — surgeonfishes and relatives Lutjaniformes (2) — snappers and grunts Lobotiformes (3) — Spariformes (3) — breams and porgies Priacanthiformes (2) — bigeyes and bandfishes Caproiformes (1) — boarfishes Lophiiformes (18) — anglerfishes Tetraodontiformes (10) — plectognaths Pempheriformes (17) — Centrarchiformes (19) — Perciformes (61) — perches, mail-cheeked fishes (includes former Scorpaeniformes, Cottiformes, and Trachiniformes) (14 families incertae sedis) (=Percomorpha)

(spiny‑rayed fishes)

External links

• www.deepfin.org - Phylogeny of all Fishes (redirects to https://sites.google.com/site/guilleorti/home)