User:Wiki the Octopus/Sandbox/Sonclatish language

Standard Sonclatish
Farunglish
Sonklátiˈʃ (Common Sonclatish) Sonklátˈʃ (Sea Sonclatish)
Region	The Sonclate (Sea Sonclatish in coastal areas)
Speakers	L1: ~30,000 (2030 census) L2: ~100,000 (2030 UN census)
Language family	Indo-European Indo-Iranian Iranian Western Iranian Southwestern Iranian Old Persian Middle Persian Khuzestani dialect Kavusic Sonclatish Archaic Sonclatish Old Sonclatish Middle Sonclatish Standard Sonclatish
Early form	Middle Persian dialects of Khuzestan
Dialects	Common Sonclatish Sea Sonclatish Ecclesiastical Sonclatish (dead)
Writing system	Latin (Sonclatian) Sonclatian Braille Pahlavi scripts (Proto-Sonclatish and Archaic Sonclatish)
Sources	Many, particularly Farsi, Russian, English, Latin, and Esperanto
Official status
Recognised minority language in	Netherlands
Regulated by	National Linguistics Academy of the Sonclate, Council of Experts on Linguistics of the Most Serene Republic of the Sonclate
Language codes
ISO 639-3	Snt

Sonclatish (also known as Farunglish or by its native name Sonklátiˈʃ) is the primary language of the Most Serene Republic of the Sonclate. Standard Sonclatish is an aggregate of the dialects: Common Sonclatish and Sea Sonclatish.

Classification

Sonclatish was a member of the Western Iranian group of the Iranian languages, which make up a branch of the Indo-Iranian languages, as it is largely based on Persian. Later on, however, the language increasingly got more influences from Russian, Latin, and eventually, English and Esperanto. Because it has so many influences, it has now become somewhat of a "pan-Indo-European" language. In modern terms, this makes it an international auxiliary language (specifically an A posteriori language) without a strict classification.

History and Dialects

History

Proto-Sonclatish

The earliest forms of the Sonclatish language began with the writings and poems of the Persian polymath Kavus (who is considered the progenitor of the idea of an artificial floating island among Iranians, which the Sonclate is). This dialect was called Kavusic Sonclatish for this reason, although today it is also called Proto-Sonclatish (Fārsink). It was influenced strongly by Kavus's home dialect of Middle Persian, Khuzestani. It was spoken from c. 500 to 900, which was the time when construction of the artificial island began near Khuzestan. Because of this, this dialect had many words relating to building or craftsmanship.

Archaic Sonclatish

Archaic Sonclatish (Flārsink) was the form of the Sonclatish language spoken between the time when building of the island was completed (877) to 1400 CE. It was the first time when the Arabic script would be introduced to represent sounds rather than the traditional Pahlavi scripts, as this was the time when Islam (particularly Shia Islam) supplanted Zoroastrianism as the primary religion of Iran.

Old Sonclatish

Old Sonclatish (Inklārs) was the form of the Sonclatish language that was most common from the time when the Sonclate became autonomous (1423) within Iran to the time when it gained independence from Iranian administration (1549). Although initially going under the radar, the dialect had many words pertaining to Islamic doctrine and culture, leading Shia Muslim clerics to revive the dialect around 1750. However, today, Old Sonclatish is only used in the mosque and generally religious contexts. For this reason, it is also known as Ecclesiastical Sonclatish.

Middle Sonclatish and the emergence of the modern dialects

Middle Sonclatish (Sinklārtʃ) was the version of the Sonclatish language spoken during the Captaincy period (c. 1500-1800). Because of this, it is also called Captaincy Sonclatish. Since the Captaincy era of Sonclatish history saw increased trade with other countries, as well as philosophers debating what was the best government system, many new words emerged relating to politics and economics (such as teknokrasé, meaning "technocracy"). Middle Sonclatish used the Reformed Persian alphabet (a script with Persian sounds but Latin letters, as trade with Romance-speaking countries got higher). However, Sonclatians were also introduced to Cyrillic and the regular Latin alphabet as trade with countries that used these scripts became a very profitable venture. Because there was much trade with the Dutch Republic, Dutch loanwords are found frequently in this dialect and Sonclatish became a recognized minority language in the Netherlands. Around this time was when lower-classes (particularly farmers) got their own dialect, which is today Common Sonclatish, the dominant dialect, and has been so since 1900. On the other hand, Sea Sonclatish was the dialect spoken by tradesmen and diplomats who were internationally minded, and as they lived near the coast, this dialect got its name. Sea Sonclatish was the dominant dialect of the Sonclate before the Reform Era (specifically the Sonclate National Language Laws of 1848-1851, which guaranteed that no dialect or language generally would be declared official in the Sonclate). Since then, it is a recognized minority dialect, while the majority of the country speaks Common Sonclatish (or Modern Sonclatish).

Dialects

The currently existing dialects of Sonclatish (also known as the Sonclatic dialects) are Common Sonclatish (the majority dialect), and Sea Sonclatish (the minority dialect which is spoken in seaside areas). Both use the Sonclatian alphabet.

SONCLATIC DIALECTS

Dialect of Sonclatish	Dates	Status	Characteristics	Native name (Romanized)	Linguistic influences	Script
Proto-Sonclatish (Kavusic Sonclatish)	c. 500-900	Extinct	Influenced by the poetry and writings of Kavus; Words relating to construction, as this was spoken when the Sonclate was being built	Fārsink	Middle Persian	Pahlavi scripts
Archaic Sonclatish	c. 900-1400	Extinct	Arabic script overtook Pahlavi; Strong Khuzestani influences	Flārsink		Pahlavi scripts, Arabic script
Old Sonclatish (Ecclesiastical Sonclatish)	c. 1400-1550	Dead	Many words related to Islam and its religious principles: Arabic loanwords	Inklārs	Arabic	Perso-Arabic alphabet
Middle Sonclatish (Captaincy Sonclatish)	c. 1450-1800	Extinct	Many words relating to trade and government systems; Dutch loanwords	Sinklārtʃ	Latin, Russian, English, Dutch	Reformed Persian alphabet, Cyrillic script, Latin script
Sea Sonclatish	since 1800 (upper class dialect 1800-1900)	Minority dialect	Vocabulary that gets specific in regards to sea- or water-related things (e.g. species of octopus have their own names)	Sonklátˈʃ	Esperanto, Interlingua	Sonclatian alphabet, International Phonetic Alphabet (since 1888)
Common Sonclatish (Modern Sonclatish)	since 1500 (minority dialect 1500-1850)	Majority dialect	Vocabulary that gets specific in regards to industry- or farming-related things (e.g. every metal has its own name)	Sonklátiˈʃ		Sonclatian alphabet

Orthography

Sonclatian alphabet Farunglic
Script type	Alphabet – partially featural
Time period	1893-
Direction	Left-to-right
Related scripts
Parent systems	Egyptian hieroglyphs Proto-Sinaitic Phoenician Greek Old Italic Old Latin Latin script Lepsius Standard Alphabet Palaeotype alphabet, English Phonotypic Alphabet Romic alphabet International Phonetic Alphabet Sonclatian alphabet

The Sonclatian alphabet is a phonetic alphabet loosely based on the Latin, Cyrillic, Farsi, and International Phonetic scripts. It was formed in 1893 and has been the primary alphabet used by both Common Sonclatish and Sea Sonclatish since then. The script has 35 letters (8 vowels and 27 consonants) and three signs that indicate a sound change with a letter.

Sonclatian Alphabet

Uppercase Sonclatian alphabet	A	Ā	E	I	O	Ö	U	Ŭ	Y	W	V	B	P	F	D	T	ϴ	Ð	S	Š	Z	C	Ʒ	Ĝ	Č	H	Ĥ	K	G	Q	L	R	Ř	M	N	◌́	◌̃	ˈ
Lowercase Sonclatian alphabet	a	ā	e	i	o	ö	u	ŭ	y	w	v	b	p	f	d	t	θ	ð	s	ʃ	z	c	ʒ	ĝ	č	h	x	k	g	q	l	r	ř	m	n
Purpose	Vowel								Consonant																											Denotes long vowels (e.g. Á = eɪ or Ŭ ́ = uː)	Adds a voiced palatal approximant sound after the letter below it	Denotes stress on what came before it
IPA value	æ	ɑ	ɛ	ɪ	ɒ	ə	ʌ	ʊ	j	w	v	b	p	f	d	t	θ	ð	s	ʃ	z	t͜s	ʒ	d͜ʒ	t͜ʃ	h	x	k	ɡ	q	l	r	ɾ	m	n	N/A

Phonology

Vowels

Sonclatish short vowel chart

	Front	Central	Back
Close	ɪ	ɨ	ʊ
Mid	ɛ	ə	ʌ
Open	æ		ɑ/ɒ

Sonclatish long vowel chart

	Front	Dipthong	Back
Close	iː	eɪ/aɪ/oʊ	u
Mid	e̞		o̞
Open

Consonants

	Labial	Alveolar	Post-alv./ Palatal	Velar	Uvular	Glottal
Nasal	m	n
Stop	p/b	t/d	t͡ʃ/d͡ʒ/t͜s	k/ɡ	(q)
Fricative	f/v	s/z/θ/ð	ʃ/ʒ	x		h
Tap		ɾ
Approximant	w	l/r	j

Vocabulary

Morphology

Sonclatish is an agglutinative language, where many words are created by combining morphemes into one word. Sonclatish uses agglutination to merge morphemes into words. Historically, in Common Sonclatish, it was only land- or farming-related morphemes that were used, and in Sea Sonclatish, it was only sea- or trade-related morphemes, but recently the roots used in both dialects became much more generalized. In addition, both dialects often include Greek, Latin, Persian, or Russian roots in words. Examples include:

• Ráˈdéókróméˈum (romanized: radiochromium; combination of the prefix ráˈdéó, meaning radioactive, and króméˈum, meaning chromium; from Common Sonclatish)
• Polˈéokrasé (romanized: polyocracy; combination of the Greek prefix polˈéo, meaning many, and krasé, meaning rule or power; from Common Sonclatish)
• Ĥeyˈvos̃epod (romanized: kheyvosepod; combination of the Persian prefix Ĥeyˈlé, meaning many or often, the Russian root word vos̃e, meaning eight, and the Greek suffix pod, meaning leg; from Sea Sonclatish)

Loanwords

When Middle Sonclatish was commonly spoken, due to trade with the Dutch, many Dutch loanwords were present in the dialect (such as the word ko̞phāndol deriving from the Dutch word koophandel). Old Sonclatish also has many Arabic loanwords.

Numbers

Numerical prefix	Meaning
Nole-	x0
Ye-	x1
Dova-	x2
Tre-	x3
Čata-	x4
Fénj-	x5
Šé-	x6
Haʃ-	x7
Vo-	x8
Nohe-	x9
De-	x10

Most number words are derived from a combination of Persian and Russian names.

Number	Sonclatish name	Romanization
0	Noˈl	Nol
1	Yeˈnk	Yenck
2	Doˈva	Dova
3	ϴre	Thre
4	Čahˈtar	Chahtar
5	Fénˈj	Finj
6	Šéˈʃt	Shisht
7	Haʃˈem	Hashem
8	Voˈs̃em	Vosyem
9	Noˈhem	Nohem
10	Deˈxt	Dekht
15	Deˈxtfén	Dekhtfin
20	Dodˈext	Dodekht
50	Fénˈdext	Findekht
100	Dovaˈdext	Dovadekht
500	Fénˈdovadext	Findovadekht
1000	Tréˈdext	Tridekht

Grammar

Parts of Speech and Absence of Gender

The 8 parts of speech in the language include:

• Nouns, which name things or ideas (which includes it)
• Articles, which denote how definite a noun is (ranging from a to θe)
• Adjectives, which describe nouns
• Verbs, which denote certain events that are done by nouns
• Adverbs, which denote certain qualities of verbs
• Adpositions, which denote where a noun is or where a verb is happening
• Conjunctions, which connect different words and phrases
• Interjections, which denote strong feeling or emotion

Genered pronouns are absent from the language. The only words that are gendered are māˈtār (meaning "mother"), pāˈtār (meaning "father"), aˈme (meaning "aunt"), aˈmŭ (meaning "uncle"), beˈséˈk (meaning "boy"), devˈečkāˈ (meaning "girl"), and the words for grandparents and distant family members (created using the prefix of Russo-Persian origin sgāmĩ, meaning "old," followed by whatever filial relation is extended). This is a rule in the Sonclatish language due to carryover from Persian, which has the same rule.

Syntax

Sonclatish, like Russian, does not have a defined word order. Instead, language users are free to use both SOV and SVO.