User:Uanfala/sandbox/glt/test85

DIR:directional INN:Innit? GENR:Gryt

Comment above

first

second

line

goes

is

right

here

below

first line is here

second goes right below

(1)

E

GENR

leai

not exist

ni

ART(NSP.PL)

taavale,

car

aua

because

e

GENR

lei

not yet

oo

reach

atu

DIR

i

LD

ai

ANAPH

ala

road(SP.PL)

taavale

car

E leai ni taavale, aua e lei oo atu i ai ala taavale

GENR {not exist} ART(NSP.PL) car because GENR {not yet} reach DIR LD ANAPH road(SP.PL) car

'There were not any cars, because the roads did not reach there.'

first

second

line

goes

is

right

here

below

comment1

 

first line is here

second goes right below

first

second

line

goes

is

right

here

below

comment1

comment2

first line is here

second goes right below

first

second

line

goes

is

right

here

below

 

comment2

first line is here

second goes right below

(3) Locative Trigger

Kaen-an

eat-LT

nu

ERG

Cau

man

Semay

rice

Rumaq.

house

Kaen-an nu Cau Semay Rumaq.

eat-LT ERG man rice house

"The man is eating rice in the house."

(or "The house is being eaten rice in by the man.")

1

አልማዝን

almazǝn

Almaz-ACC

አየኋት

ayyähʷ-at

I saw her

አልማዝን አየኋት

almazǝn ayyähʷ-at

Almaz-ACC {I saw her}

'I saw Almaz.'

ʔok-ʃe-n-ʃku-k

stick.on-HEARSAY-IMPERFECT-AUXILIARY-CONNECTIVE

ʔok-ʃe-n-ʃku-k

stick.on-HEARSAY-IMPERFECT-AUXILIARY-CONNECTIVE

"and he was sticking them on himself (they say)"

Ram

Ram

kitab

book

parh-e-ga

read-3sg-FUT.M

Ram kitab parh-e-ga

Ram book read-3sg-FUT.M

|first {line1 one} |{oi-ACC-ey} gloss

first

oi-ACC-ey

line¹ one

gloss

first {line1 one}

{oi-ACC-ey} gloss

nga-nawu-ndi

1sgA.3sgO-give-PST

wahan

water

nung

3sg.ACC

nga-nawu-ndi wahan nung

1sgA.3sgO-give-PST water 3sg.ACC

'I gave the water to him/her.'

sa-duu

3SG-blow

rá-viimú

INN-into

sa-duu rá-viimú

3SG-blow INN-into

"He blows into it." (valence = 1)

sa-duu

3SG-blow

rá-viimú

INN-into

hg

 

sa-duu rá-viimú hg

3SG-blow INN-into

"He blows into it." (valence = 1)

I

already

see-EXP

Zhang San

RES.

wǒ yǐjing jiàn-guò {Zhāng Sān} le.

I already see-EXP {Zhang San} RES.

(Tagalog) sulat, susulat, sumulat, sumusulat (verbal declensions)

sulat&#x²⁷E⁸;

write⟨

su~sulat

contemplative mood~write≠SG

s&#x²⁷E⁸;um&#x²⁷E⁹;ulat

⟨AT.past⟩write

s&#x²⁷E⁸;um&#x²⁷E⁹;u~sulat

⟨AT⟩contemplative~write}

sulat⟨ su~sulat s⟨um⟩ulat s⟨um⟩u~sulat

write⟨ contemplative mood~write≠SG ⟨AT.past⟩write ⟨AT⟩contemplative~write}

wǒ

I

yǐjing

already

jiàn-guò

see-EXP

Zhāng Sān

Zhang San

le.

RES.

wǒ yǐjing jiàn-guò {Zhāng Sān} le.

I already see-EXP {Zhang San} RES.

sa-duu

3SG-blow

rá-viimú

INAN-into

sa-duu rá-viimú

3SG-blow INAN-into

"He blows into it." (valence = 1)

 

Transcription:

Gloss:

張三

Zhāng Sān

Zhang San

我

wǒ

I

已經

yǐjing

already

見過

jiàn-guò

see-EXP

了。

le.

RES

{} 張三 我 已經 見過 了。

Transcription: {Zhāng Sān} wǒ yǐjing jiàn-guò le.

Gloss: {Zhang San} I already see-EXP RES

Translation: "(As for) Zhang San, I've seen (him) already."

→

Usual order*:

Transcription:

Gloss:

我

wǒ

I

已經

yǐjing

already

見過

jiàn-guò

see-EXP

張三

Zhāng Sān

Zhang San

了。

le.

.

{Usual order*:} 我 已經 見過 張三 了。

Transcription: wǒ yǐjing jiàn-guò {Zhāng Sān} le.

Gloss: I already see-EXP {Zhang San} RES.

"I've already seen Zhang San."

Mandarin Chinese sentences are predominantly SVO, but the language allows the object to be promoted to the topic of the sentence, resulting in an apparently OSV word order.

(a.)

(Turkish) Odadan hızla çıktım.

oda-dan

room-ABL

room-from

hız-la

speed-COM

speed-with

çık-tı-m

go.out-PFV-1SG

go_out-perfective-I

oda-dan hız-la çık-tı-m

room-ABL speed-COM go.out-PFV-1SG

room-from speed-with go_out-perfective-I

'I left the room quickly.'

(a.)

sa-duu

3SG-blow

rá-viimú

INAN-into

sa-duu rá-viimú

3SG-blow INAN-into

"He blows into it." (valence = 1)

napparsima-vit?

be.sick-you/INTERR

napparsima-vit?

be.sick-you/INTERR

"Are you sick?" (interrogative mood)

edna

one

duma

word(F)

edna duma

one word(F)

Kathryn

Kathryn

gʲà

'she-it'

kwút

write.

gɔ

and.DS

Esther-àl

Esther-too

gʲà

'she-it'

kwút

write.

Kathryn gʲà kwút gɔ Esther-àl gʲà kwút

Kathryn 'she-it' write.PF and.DS Esther-too 'she-it' write.PF

Kathryn wrote a letter and Esther wrote one, too.

goa2

I

iau2-boe7

not-yet

koat4-teng7

decide

tang1-si5

when

boeh4

want

tng2-khi3.

return.

goa2 iau2-boe7 koat4-teng7 tang1-si5 boeh4 tng2-khi3.

I not-yet decide when want return.

"I have not yet decided when I shall return."

DS DAT

Uanfala's sock – Uanfala 00:47, 25 November 2017 (UTC)

2

single

single

word

word

single word

single word

• |italics1=yes|italics2=yes|glossing2=no|italics3=yes

1.

2.

3.

4.

goá

goa¹

goa²

I

iáu-boē

iau¹-boe³

iau²-boe⁷

not-yet

koat-tēng

koat²-teng³

koat⁴-teng⁷

decide

tang-sî

tang⁷-si⁵

tang¹-si⁵

when

boeh

boeh²

boeh⁴

want

tńg-khì

tng¹-khi³.

tng²-khi³.

return.

1. goá iáu-boē koat-tēng tang-sî boeh tńg-khì

{2.} goa1 iau1-boe3 koat2-teng3 tang7-si5 boeh2 tng1-khi3.

3. goa2 iau2-boe7 koat4-teng7 tang1-si5 boeh4 tng2-khi3.

4. I not-yet decide when want return.

5. "I have not yet decided when I shall return."

• | glossing3 = yes

My

1PL

we

s

COM

with

Marko

Marko

Marko

poexa-l-i

go-PST-PL

go-PST-PL

avtobus-om

bus-INS

bus-by

v

ALL

to

Peredelkino.

Peredelkino.

Peredelkino.

My s Marko poexa-l-i avtobus-om v Peredelkino.

1PL COM Marko go-PST-PL bus-INS ALL Peredelkino.

we with Marko go-PST-PL bus-by to Peredelkino.

'Marko and I went to Perdelkino by bus.'

• |glossing2 = no| glossing3 = yes

My

1PL

we

s

COM

with

Marko

Marko

Marko

poexa-l-i

go-PST-PL

go-PST-PL

avtobus-om

bus-INS

bus-by

v

ALL

to

Peredelkino.

Peredelkino.

Peredelkino.

My s Marko poexa-l-i avtobus-om v Peredelkino.

1PL COM Marko go-PST-PL bus-INS ALL Peredelkino.

we with Marko go-PST-PL bus-by to Peredelkino.

'Marko and I went to Perdelkino by bus.'

• |glossing2 = yes| glossing3 = link

My

1PL

we

s

COM

with

Marko

Marko

Marko

poexa-l-i

go-PST-PL

go-PST-PL

avtobus-om

bus-INS

bus-by

v

ALL

to

Peredelkino.

Peredelkino.

Peredelkino.

My s Marko poexa-l-i avtobus-om v Peredelkino.

1PL COM Marko go-PST-PL bus-INS ALL Peredelkino.

we with Marko go-PST-PL bus-by to Peredelkino.

'Marko and I went to Perdelkino by bus.'

• |italics1=no

Gila

now

aburun

their

ferma

farm

hamišaluǧ

forever

güǧüna

behind

amuqʼdač

won't.stay

Gila aburun ferma hamišaluǧ güǧüna amuqʼdač

now their farm forever behind won't.stay

'Now their farm will not stay behind forever.'

• |italics=no

Gila

now

aburun

their

ferma

farm

hamišaluǧ

forever

güǧüna

behind

amuqʼdač

won't.stay

Gila aburun ferma hamišaluǧ güǧüna amuqʼdač

now their farm forever behind won't.stay

'Now their farm will not stay behind forever.'

• |italics=2

Gila

now

aburun

their

ferma

farm

hamišaluǧ

forever

güǧüna

behind

amuqʼdač

won't.stay

Gila aburun ferma hamišaluǧ güǧüna amuqʼdač

now their farm forever behind won't.stay

'Now their farm will not stay behind forever.'