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Pallithode

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Pallithode is a village [1] of Alappuzha [2] District in the state of Kerala, India on the shores of the Arabian Sea. Pallithode comes under Kuthiathode Panchayat [nb 1] and Pattanakad Block[4] in Cherthala Taluk.

History

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Pallithode village [nb 2] is in the coastal region of Kerala. The alluvial coastal plains of Kerala have been subject to many changes and geographical modifications by natural phenomena. [6] The coastal land masses are formed or modified by action of the sea currents & tides, and the rainwater flow through the estuaries from the rivers and backwater systems supplying sediments.[7] Deposition or recession of coastal area are common and dynamic. [8] Sea Erosion claims land in some areas with land being deposited in other areas.[9] Severe floods and tidal changes have caused more abrupt and drastic transformations at times. [10] In the past Pallithode was a village on the southern border of the state of Travancore(Thiruvithamkur) adjacent to Chellanam of the State of Cochin(Kochi).[11] There were border posts demarcating the state boundaries and controlling trade exchanges across the borders.[nb 3] At present these villages form the borders of Alappuzha and Ernakulam districts of Kerala. Chellanam is a contiguous strip of land with Pallithode, on its northern border. It extends from St. George's Church at the Pallithode border to Kattiparambu (near Thoppumpady) in the north. There was a channel known as Andhakaranazhi passing through this landmass to the sea between Pallithode and Chellanam at the current location of the St.George’s Church. [13] It connected Pallithode Pozhi to the sea. [nb 4] This channel closed later naturally and reformed at more southern location and came to be known as the present Andhakaranazhi. Pallithode Pozhi is no longer an estuary but a kayal[nb 5] but the name remains. It is no longer connected directly to the sea but through canals. [nb 6] [17] The Manakkodam fishing Harbor is at the Andhakaranazhi and designated as minor port and a greenfield site.[18]

Demography

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Pallithode is in the Assembly Constituency of Aroor and Parliamentary Constituency of Alappuzha(Alleppey). The population is mainly Christian with a minority of Hindus. The local employment is mainly in the fishing industry or agriculture. [nb 7] Pallithode has a local post office and the pin code is 688584.[20] St.Sebastian’s High School and St.Thomas L.P. School in Pallithode are run by the Catholic Diocese of Alappuzha.[21] Pallithode has a primary health center.[22]. St.Sebastin's Catholic Church is in Central Pallithode and St.Antony's Chapel in South Pallithode.[23]

Geography

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Pallithode Village is a narrow land mass with the Arabian Sea on its west and a lake(kayal) the Pallithode Pozhi on its east. Extensive stretches of paddy fields lie to the east of the Pozhi. Valiathode, Parayakad, Chavadi and Thuravoor and are regions to the east of Pallithode. Chellanam in the north and Azheekal & Ottamassery in the south are regions adjacent to Pallithode. Banks of Pallithode Pozhi are lined with Chinese fishing nets (cheenavala). The Pozhi has canals joining it to Arabian Sea at Andhakaranazhi. Andhakaranazhy is at the south of Pallithode and between it and Ottamassery. It is located 4-km west from the National Highway 47 at Pattanakkad. Mechanized shutters at the isthmus where the backwaters merge into the Arabian Sea regulate the flow of seawater entering into the paddy fields of Pallithode, Thuravoor, Pattanakad, and Ezhupunna. They also prevent flooding of paddy fields during heavy rainfalls. There is a lighthouse at Andhakaranazhy. Chappakadavu beach in South Pallithode provides local fishing boats access to the sea.[24] Remaining beach areas are protected from sea erosion with sea walls. There is a fishing harbor in Chellanam.

Places of Interest

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Palllithode Pozhi

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The Pallithode Pozhi is a backwater lake. It is connected to the sea at the Andhakaranazhi and the Kerala Backwater system through canals. Kuthiathode canal connects it to Vembanad Kayal. It is linked to Kochi backwater system through other channels. The Pozhi and the neighboring paddy fields [25] are important sources of freshwater fish. The Pallithode Pozhy is a scenic lake and a source of income for inland fishermen .[26]

Andhakaranazhi

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Andhakaranazhi is an Azhi [nb 8] of the Kerala backwater system at the Arabian Sea.[28] There are sandy beaches at Andhakaranzhi. The area is developed by the Kerala Government Tourism Development Corporation into a tourist spot. There are Restaurants and an arial walk way. [29] The port at Andhakaranazhi is called Manakkodam Harbor.[30] It is a natural harbor rated as a minor port by the Central Port Authority. The Kerala Government,the Indian Port Authority and the Inland Waterways Authorities are planning its development jointly. [31]

Chappakadavu

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Chappakadavu[nb 9] is the mainstay of the fishing industry in area. [33] Earlier it was a unique place close to the sea with a canal having quick and easy access to the backwater system and thence to the consumers. [34] Now the transport is mainly overland. But the prominence of this fish processing area and market has sustained. The provision of the fishing gap [35] has helped to retain the importance of Chappakadavu.

Transport

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Roads

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Pallithode village is connected to the nearest towns by NH-47, Thuravoor-Ezhupunna road and the Pallithode-Chellanam-Kochi beach road (State Highway 66 (Kerala)). [36] One can reach Andhakaranazhy via the Kadakkarapally-Thanky-Andhakaranazhy-Pallithode beach road or divert towards west at Padmakshi-Kavilpalli junction on NH 47 near Pattanakkad.

Rail

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The Alapuzha-Ernakulam Railway has a crossing station at Thuravoor providing access to the national railways.[37]

Inland Waterways

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Inland water way Canals [38] and Backwaters with chains of lakes connect Pallithode with Kochi in the north and by Kuthiathode canal to Vembanad Lake and to Allapuzha (Alleppey) and the south through National_Waterway_3_(India).[39] The Kuthiathode canal connects the Vembanad lake with the Tazhappu backwaters. Tazhappu lakes are connected with Valiathode by canals . Valiathode is connected by river streams to Pallithode Pozhi . A canal links Pallithode Pozhi to Chappakadvu.

Climate

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Pallithode is a village on Kerala’s coast, with a wet and maritime tropical climate. Temperatures differ very minimally through the year, with average maximum highs between 29ºC and 33ºC. Monsoon is long; most rain occurs from May through November. The winter season in Coastal Kerala begins from the end of November until the middle of February. [40] During the winter months temperatures are slightly lower than the summer months. Winter in Kerala also sees less rainfall and humidity. Summers in Kerala start towards the end of February where temperature starts climbing, marking the general beginning of summer. Relatively higher temperatures, low rainfall and slightly humid weather are the characteristics of the summer months. Erratic rain accompanied by lightening and thunder is also another common feature of the season. The Monsoons: The wet and maritime tropical climate is influenced by the seasonal heavy rains of the southwest summer monsoon and northeast winter monsoon. The southwest monsoon is the major rainy season of Kerala. This season begins by the end of May or early June with the onset of the southwest monsoon winds, resulting in periods of heavy rain for the next three months on average.

Contents

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Postal Code & Telephone code

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Pin Code 688584 Telephone code 0478

Churches

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St. Sebastian’s Church, Pallithode St.Antony’s Chapel, South Pallithode

Govt.offices

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Pallithode Post Office

Banks

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Pallithode Service Co-operative Bank

Schools

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St.Sebastian’s High School St.Thomas L.P.School

Hospitals & Clinics

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Govt.Primary Health Center

Time Zone

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UTC +5.30

Geographical co-ordinates

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Latitude 9.69603 Longitude 76.30154

Notes

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  1. ^ politically organised local administrative units.[3]
  2. ^ Census villages are more numerous and heterogenous than political units(gram panchayats).[5]
  3. ^ The borderstones called “KothiKallu” (because “Thi” and “Ko” were written on their sides) are seen along Pallithode Chellanam borders. [12]
  4. ^ Pozhi means an estuary.[14]
  5. ^ Kayal means a lake.[15]
  6. ^ There is a spot at the old location known as Azhikkal as a remainder of the past. Azhikkal means by the Azhi.[16]
  7. ^ Pallithode has both marine and and inland fishing industries. Agriculture is mainly coconut farming and paddy cultivation. [19]
  8. ^ Azhi means a bar, a sand bar in this context.[27]
  9. ^ Kadavu means landing place.[32]

References

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  1. ^ Director, census operations (1981). Census of India Volume 3. Kerala,India: Controller of Publications.
  2. ^ http://alappuzha.nic.in/home/default.htm
  3. ^ http://www.panchayat.gov.in/.
  4. ^ G.R., Madan (1990). India’s Developing Villages Edition 2. India: Allied Publishers. p. 60. ISBN 9788170232810.
  5. ^ Clark-Decis, Isabelle (2011). A Companion to the Anthropology of India – page 1980.
  6. ^ http://www.portal.gsi.gov.in/gsiImages/information/misc_pub_30_kerala_2005_wm.pdf
  7. ^ http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/3548/6/06_chapter%201.pdf
  8. ^ A.C., Narayana; C.P., Priju (2006). "Landform and Shoreline Changes Inferred from Satellite Images along the central Kerala Coast". Journal Geological Society of India. 68: 35–49. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  9. ^ K.K., Nair (2007). Quatenary Geology and Geomorphology of Coastal Plains of Kerala. Vol. Special Publication No.88, vi. Geological Society of India.
  10. ^ Yogesh, Sharma (2010). Coastal Histories: Society and Ecology in Pre-modern India. India: Primus Books. p. 81. ISBN 9789380607009.
  11. ^ George, Mathew (1989). Communal Road to A Secular Kerala. New Delhi,India: Concept Publishing Company. p. 20. ISBN 9788170222828.
  12. ^ "History Etched in Stone". The Hindu. 13 March2013. Retrieved 24 July 2013. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  13. ^ P.L., Sebastian (1998). The Parayakattil Story. Mukhachitra Publications. p. 4.
  14. ^ Ramakrishnan, Korakandy (2005). Coastal Zone Management: A Study of the Political Economy of Sustainable Development. India: Gyan Publishing House. p. 23. ISBN 9788178353029.
  15. ^ "Malayalam English Dictionary".
  16. ^ "Malayalam English Dictionary".
  17. ^ K, Soman; Geological, Society of India (2002). Geology of Kerala, Edition2. India: Geological Society of India. pp. 12, 315. ISBN 9788185867502.
  18. ^ http://www.old.kerala.gov.in/dept_port/index.htm
  19. ^ Ramakrishnan, Korakandy (2005). Coastal Zone Management: A Study of the Political Economy of Sustainable Development. India: Gyan Publishing House. pp. 230, 234. ISBN 9788178353029.
  20. ^ http://www.postalcodedb.com › Alphabetic search › India › Pallithode
  21. ^ http://dioceseofalleppey.org/Schools.html
  22. ^ http://arogyakeralam.gov.in/docs/temp/fw%20centres%20in%20kerala%201.pdf
  23. ^ http://www.churchesinindia.com/alleppey/st-sebastian-church-pallithode.html
  24. ^ Tommy, Chacko (spring1998). "Artisanal Fishing along Alleppey Coast,Southwest India". Human Organization. 57 (No.1). Society for Applied Anthropology: 61–62. ISSN 0018-7259. {{cite journal}}: |issue= has extra text (help); Check date values in: |year= (help)CS1 maint: year (link)
  25. ^ Ramakrishnan, Korakandy (2005). Coastal Zone Management: A Study of the Political Economy of Sustainable Development. India: Gyan Publishing House. p. 230. ISBN 9788178353029.
  26. ^ Ramakrishnan, Korakandy (2005). Coastal Zone Management: A Study of the Political Economy of Sustainable Development. India: Gyan Publishing House. p. 221. ISBN 9788178353029.
  27. ^ "Malayalam English Dictionary".
  28. ^ Madan Prasad, Bezbaruah; Krishna, Gopal; Phal S., Girota (2003). Fairs and Festivals of India. India: Gyan Publishing House. p. 176. ISBN 9788121205894.
  29. ^ "4Yathra.com".
  30. ^ http://www.keralaports.gov.in/facilities.html
  31. ^ http://www.economic-update.in/stories/2012/03/26/taking-to-the-water/
  32. ^ "Malayalam English Dictionary".
  33. ^ www.cds.ac.in/krpcds/report/turtle.pdf‎ (page 69)
  34. ^ Ramakrishnan, Korakandy (2005). Coastal Zone Management: A Study of the Political Economy of Sustainable Development. India: Gyan Publishing House. p. 220. ISBN 9788178353029.
  35. ^ www.cds.ac.in/krpcds/report/turtle.pdf‎ (pages 8,27)
  36. ^ http://www.keralapwd.gov.in/getPage.php?page=NH%20in%20Kerala&pageId=301
  37. ^ http://www.indianrail.gov.in/
  38. ^ http://iwai.nic.in/
  39. ^ http://iwai.gov.in/waterwaysnw3.html
  40. ^ http://www.holiday-weather.com/kerala/
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