User:Paleorthid/Sandbox/Article Nursery/Soil Carbon

User:Paleorthid/Sandbox/Article_Nursery/Soil_Carbon/References

Organic matter • Soil carbon • Total organic carbon • Carbon cycle • Terrestrial biological carbon cycle • Carbon sink • Carbon sequestration • Climate change mitigation

Soil Organic Carbon Storage (Sequestration) Principles and Management

link

Soil and Soil Carbon

"Soil consists of inorganic (mineral) and organic components, water, air, and living organisms. Soil is a biochemically weathered product of rocks and minerals through biological activity. Soils provide nutrients for plants and are capable of supporting plant growth. Soils are also home to a wide range of organisms and a repository for soil carbon (Buckman and Brady, 1970)." See soil organic matter, organic matter,

Soil and Soil Carbon

"Soils are the largest stock of C in the terrestrial environment (Jobbágy and Jackson, 2000), with about 60% in the form of SOM, and the remaining 40% in the form of inorganic C (e.g. carbonate, or CaCO3)."

Soil carbon balance

(provisional - anticipate this may be needed to 1) present the role of plant root exudates in delivering C to soil. 2) discuss carbonate fixation of atmospheric carbon in soil.)

plant root exudates^[1]

charcoal.^[2]

22 - "SOC originally comes from atmospheric CO2 that is captured by plants through the process of photosynthesis. The amount of SOC is a balance of C inputs and C losses of organic material (Burke et al., 1989)."

Soil organic matter roles

"SOM takes a central role in maintaining soil health because it affects soil physical, chemical, and biological functions, and is also critical to ensure secure food production."

Soil organic matter fractions

"Soil organic matter fractions SOM is partitioned into different pools with varying decomposition rates or turnover times (Adair et al., 2008). The term “pool” is used to refer to theoretically separated, kinetically delineated components of SOM which share similar turnover times within the soil (Davidson and Janssens, 2006; Paustian et al., 1992)."

"Other compounds decompose relatively slowly, with a half-life (turnover) time from less than one hour to a few years."

Fast pool

"Some compounds (e.g. simple sugar) in the soil can decompose very quickly, with a less than one hour of half-life turnover time, because they are rich in energy, readily accessible to organisms, and rapidly assimilated (Boddy et al., 2007; Hill et al., 2008)."

"Other compounds decompose relatively slowly, with a half-life (turnover) time from less than one hour to a few years."

Slow pool

"The fractions of these SOM pools have a few years to decades of a half-life turnover time"

Passive pool

"The fractions of passive (recalcitrant SOM) pool include:"

^ Mergel, A. (1998). "Role of plant root exudates in soil carbon and nitrogen transformation". In Box, Jr., J. (ed.). Root Demographics and Their Efficiencies in Sustainable Agriculture, Grasslands and Forest Ecosystems. Proceedings of the 5th Symposium of the International Society of Root Research. 82. Madren Conference Center, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA: Springer Netherlands. p. 43-54. doi:10.1007/978-94-011-5270-9_3. ISBN 978-94-010-6218-3. {{cite conference}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
^ Skjemstad, Jan O. (2002). "Charcoal carbon in U.S. agricultural soils". Soil Science Society of America Journal. 66 (4): 1249–1255. doi:10.2136/sssaj2002.1249. {{cite journal}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)

[1] Mergel, A. (1998). "Role of plant root exudates in soil carbon and nitrogen transformation". In Box, Jr., J. (ed.). Root Demographics and Their Efficiencies in Sustainable Agriculture, Grasslands and Forest Ecosystems. Proceedings of the 5th Symposium of the International Society of Root Research. 82. Madren Conference Center, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA: Springer Netherlands. p. 43-54. doi:10.1007/978-94-011-5270-9_3. ISBN 978-94-010-6218-3. {{cite conference}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)

[2] Skjemstad, Jan O. (2002). "Charcoal carbon in U.S. agricultural soils". Soil Science Society of America Journal. 66 (4): 1249–1255. doi:10.2136/sssaj2002.1249. {{cite journal}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)

[1]

[2]