Mactridae

Mactridae; Temporal range: Cretaceous to Present
	Shell of Spisula solida
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Bivalvia
Order:	Venerida
Superfamily:	Mactroidea
Family:	Mactridae; Lamarck, 1809
Genera
	See text.

Mactridae, common name the trough shells or duck clams, is a family of saltwater clams, marine bivalve mollusks in the order Venerida.

Description

These clams have two short siphons, each with a horny sheath. The shell is shaped like a rounded-cornered equilateral triangle and there is a slight gape at the posterior. Each valve bears two cardinal teeth with four lateral teeth on the right valve and two on the left. The foot is white and wedge-shaped. They mostly inhabit the neritic zone.^[1]

Ecology

Trough shells burrow in sand or fine gravel and never in muddy substrates.^[1]

Genera

According to the World Register of Marine Species (2012), this family contains 37 genera:^[2]

Anatina Schumacher, 1817^[3]
Austromactra Iredale, 1930
Barymactra Cossmann in Cossmann & Peyrot, 1909
Coelomactra Dall, 1895
Crassula Marwick, 1948
Cyclomactra Dall, 1895^[4]
Darina Gray, 1853
Diaphoromactra Iredale, 1930
Eastonia Gray, 1853
Harvella Gray, 1853
Heterocardia Deshayes, 1855
Huberimactra Cosel & Gofas, 2018
Leptospisula Dall, 1895
Lutraria Lamarck, 1799^[3]
Mactra Linnaeus, 1767^[3]
Mactrellona Marks, 1915^[3]
Mactrinula Gray, 1853^[5]
Mactromeris Conrad, 1868^[3]
Mactrotoma Dall, 1894^[3]
Maorimactra Finlay, 1928
Meropesta Iredale, 1929
Mulinia Gray, 1837^[3]
Oxyperas Mörch, 1853
†Pseudocardium Gabb, 1866
Raeta Gray, 1853^[3]
Rangia Desmoulins, 1832^[3]
Resania Gray, 1853
Scalpomactra Finlay [in Marwick], 1928
Scissodesma Gray, 1837
Simomactra Dall, 1894^[3]
Spisula Gray, 1837^[3]
Standella Gray, 1853
Tanysiphon Benson, 1858
Tresus Gray, 1853^[3]
Trinitasia Maury, 1928
Tumbeziconcha Pilsbry & Olsson, 1935
Zenatia Gray, 1853
Zenatina Gill & Darragh, 1963

References

^ ^a ^b Barrett, J. H.; Yonge, C. M. (1958). Collins Pocket Guide to the Sea Shore. London (UK): Collins. p. 156.
^ Bouchet, Philippe (2012-03-23). "Mactride Lamarck, 1809". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 2017-01-25.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l Scott, Paul V. "Mactridae". Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
^ Kong, Lingfeng; Li, Qi; Qiu, Zhaoxing (2007). "Genetic and morphological differentiation in the clam Coelomactra antiquata (Bivalvia: Veneroida) along the coast of China". Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. 343: 110–117. doi:10.1016/j.jembe.2006.12.003.
^ Coan, E. V.; Valentich-Scott, P. (2012). Bivalve seashells of tropical West America. Marine bivalve mollusks from Baja California to northern Peru. pp. 2 vols, 1258 pp.

Powell A. W. B., New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979 ISBN 0-00-216906-1

This bivalve-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[collins-1] Barrett, J. H.; Yonge, C. M. (1958). Collins Pocket Guide to the Sea Shore. London (UK): Collins. p. 156.

[WoRMS_230-2] Bouchet, Philippe (2012-03-23). "Mactride Lamarck, 1809". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 2017-01-25.

[ITIS_80942-3] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l Scott, Paul V. "Mactridae". Integrated Taxonomic Information System.

[Kong2007-4] Kong, Lingfeng; Li, Qi; Qiu, Zhaoxing (2007). "Genetic and morphological differentiation in the clam Coelomactra antiquata (Bivalvia: Veneroida) along the coast of China". Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. 343: 110–117. doi:10.1016/j.jembe.2006.12.003.

[Coan2012-5] Coan, E. V.; Valentich-Scott, P. (2012). Bivalve seashells of tropical West America. Marine bivalve mollusks from Baja California to northern Peru. pp. 2 vols, 1258 pp.

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