Talk:Genetics of aggression

Fix article name

I think the title of the article should be changed; doesn't seem to be proper/standard wiki style. 64.81.240.241 04:48, 7 December 2006 (UTC)

Partially fixed to address incorrect capitalization, but the article name is still not good. Someone should come up with a better article name. Sandy (Talk) 18:52, 22 December 2006 (UTC)

The title name is still not syntactically correct. A more correct title would be "Genetic influence on aggression"; however, this implies that there IS a genetic influence on aggression - this article gives the THEORIES of how there is a genetic influence on aggression. Therefore, I propose the title Genetic theory of aggression. Cheers ~ James Kanjo (talk) 21:22, 15 April 2008 (UTC)

That would not be correct: there IS a genetic influence on aggression. Read the article: one can seletively breed mice to be aggressive or not, for instance. There is much more research than mentioned here, ven though most (but not all) is on mice. But there is no doubt that genes have an influence on aggression. I agree that the title is incorrect, though. "Genetics" is a field of investigation, in and of itself it does not influence anything (except perhaps other fields of scientific inquiry). Correct would be "Genetics of aggression", "Genetic influences on aggression", etc. BTW, the foregoing does not, of course, mean that genes are all there is that determines aggression levels. --Crusio (talk) 21:57, 15 April 2008 (UTC)

I beg to differ; it is your opinion that there is a genetic influence on aggression. Aggression in DNA is theory. Aggression in biology-basis is theory. Aggression in social-basis is theory. There is biological evidence that through adding or removing chemicals in the brain. This is not to say that it is a genetic reason, it simply says that chemicals influence aggression. That mouse section, by the way, is, as I have written below, terrible. It's not very comprehendible, and gives unclear evidence (arguably no evidence). It does say; however, that serotonin is identified as a chemical which influences aggression. This is NOT genetic. This is a biological cause, NOT genetic. I do like your title (first one). "Genetics of aggression". It is, so far, a theory, so I do think the word theory should be integrated into the title. "Genetics of aggression theory". I do prefer my first suggestion though: Genetic theory of aggression. Cheers ~ James Kanjo (talk) 04:35, 16 April 2008 (UTC)

James, I'm afraid I cannot follow you. How can you oppose "biological" to "genetic" causes?? Are genetic causes not biological?? Genes influence aggression by, among others, influencing serotonin levels and such. If you want to interpret that as meaning that genes do not directly influence aggression, but only indirectly, then there are hardly any characters left that would be influenced by genes. The only direct products of genes are RNAs, but still we say that genes influence eye color, for instance. It's the same with aggression. By selectively breeding, one can obtain animals that are reliably more or less aggressive than others. That's pretty solid evidence of genetic influences in itself. In addition, there are many genes known to have an effect on aggression when knocked-out. If you want to classify all this evidence as "opinion", go ahead, but it doesn't belong in this article. By the way, the way you use the word "theory" makes me suspect that you actually mean "hypothesis". --Crusio (talk) 19:32, 16 April 2008 (UTC)

Please don't patronise me, evidence is evidence, not an opinion. One can make an opinion from evidence. But yes you hit the nail on the head, that genes do not directly influence aggression. Well, it is certainly clear that genetics can have an influence on aggression (ironically, the title of this article which we are debating), but there is the theory that genetics are the sole reason behind aggression. This is why I say the title should mention the word "theory", as it is unproven that genetics are the sole reason for aggression. Perhaps this explanation will help you follow me: there is a biological theory behind aggression, which is basically that aggression is purely to do with biochemical reasons (genetics being one of them), and a social theory behind aggression, which is basically that aggression is purely to do with a person's environment, or the way they were brought up. These are two extremes, and I'm sure you and I would both agree that the reality is that it is a combination of both. However, I thought that this article is explaining one of these extremes, and so is a theory, not a reason. But if this article is not meant to depict an extreme, and simply depict how genetics influence aggression, then the word "theory" should be knocked out. So you know, I meant the word theory because it is difficult to devise an experiment to prove this particular extreme; and theory which could be tested is a hypothesis. Regardless of this, the syntax of the title is still wrong. However, you are right to say that genetics have an influence on aggression (even though it is indirect, there is still an influence) and so it is proof that genetics can influence, so if the article was titled theory, then it would be misleading in that some information in it is unproven facts. What it comes down to is this: Is this article explaining an extreme, or explaining what is? This would determine the style of title. Cheers ~ James Kanjo (talk) 12:58, 17 April 2008 (UTC)

Sorry James, did not want to sound patronizing. I follow your reasoning, but I really don't know anybody who would argue that genes are the one and only cause of aggression. Anybody studying genetics learns very rapidly the importance of environment, especially in behavioral studies. I am a behavior geneticist, meaning that I study the interplay of genes and environment in producing (differences in) behavior. It does not mean that I ignore environment and only study genes. I know of no geneticist that would argue otherwise. I think the whole argument really is a straw man. And on the risk of sounding patronizing again, a "theory" is something that is much stronger than a hypothesis and which is supported by a large body of evidence. It is NOT something which cannot be tested. Theories are used to generate testable hypotheses. Hence, the theory of evolution and the theory of relativity. If somebody would hypothesize that all individual differences in aggression are genetic in origin, that hypothesis would be based on genetical theory, but evidence would knock it over pretty rapidly. This would invalidate that particular hypothesis, but not the theory of genetic inheritance, of course. --Crusio (talk) 16:41, 17 April 2008 (UTC)

Wonderful, we have finally sorted that out! Well, thank you for that elaboration. So by suggesting that no person would argue that genes are the one and only cause of aggression, that is saying that this article is not meant to argue an extreme; simply giving the facts/results and other proof of the influence they have, or when they have one. I think it's about time we change the article name now...I reckon, that because you hold an expert opinion on the subject, that you can have the task of actually changing the page's name to what you think suits best; I doubt anybody would disagree with your decision. Cheers ~ James Kanjo (talk) 06:05, 18 April 2008 (UTC)

Cleanup

I did enough cleanup to justify removing the tag, but the article still needs more. The WP:LEAD needs to conform, the article needs a copy edit for basic grammar and punctuation errors, and the wikilinking is a mess - the first occurrence of each term should be linked, not *every* occurrence. Pls review WP:LEAD, WP:LAYOUT, WP:MSH, WP:MOS, and for wiki-linking, WP:MOS-L. Sandy (Talk) 18:52, 22 December 2006 (UTC)

Actually, I followed this matter -of how often linking is allowed- to the Answer Desk, and the answer was that the could be linked more than once, but only one time to any one subsection. Many people (myself included) go to a page, check the index, and go straight to the subsection I want to read. If I come across a term not linked, I have to go up the page to find its first occurence or type it into the search box. I can see that short or relatively short and simple topics don't really need a second link. Nor does it seem at all appropriate or needed to simply link because you can link, when the subject is not so obscure that many people would have to check a reference. But in long technical or complicated articles, it is nice that Wiki allows one per section. --Kiwi 00:30, 23 December 2006 (UTC)

As one of many examples, aggression is not a technical or overly difficult term, and yet it is wiki-linked sixteen times in one section in addition to the many times in every other section: this article is a classic example of over-linking. Genetics and heritability are also not difficult terms that need to be repeatedly linked. Please try to fix these, and the many others, Sandy (Talk) 01:37, 23 December 2006 (UTC)

I did a few sections as an example of how many times the same word is linked in one paragraph or one section - there is much more to do. Sandy (Talk) 01:52, 23 December 2006 (UTC)

My GOODNESS!!! Sandy, I see now what you mean. I didn't look at the article until after I wrote and have been doing deep and extensive editing offline where I have spellcheck and font size control for optimal working speed. (have diabetes & vision problems). Would it be helpful to post it on a page on my pages here at WK? I am a good copy editor where you're looking for clarity above all. I have the background to make all the material understandable to me -- but I can make it understandable to all. I've done the beginning section and the first subsection or two and was going to upload it, but for some reason my browser froze up on me. --Kiwi 07:02, 23 December 2006 (UTC)

Mouse Studies

This section is terribly written. It is unclear, and makes no sense. Exactly what was "manipulating a receptor for serotonin" doing? Does it make the receptor absorb more serotonin, or less? Does it produce more serotonin or less? Also, there seems to be two experiments on mice. One with mice being mutated, and one with mice being raised without their mothers. Are both of these experiments done by "Bock & Goode, 1996"? I would think that the latter experiment is done by Bock & Goode, and not the first one - which means the first one needs a citation. In fact, the whole section is without citations, it is difficult to trace the information - let alone even trust it. Or perhaps one of these experiments is done by "Southwick, 1970"? It is not clear. This section needs desperate attention. Cheers ~ James Kanjo (talk) 21:35, 15 April 2008 (UTC)

Agreed, I also think this section needs some much needed revamping.--DavidD4scnrt (talk) 04:15, 17 April 2008 (UTC)

I also agree, it's pretty bad.... --Crusio (talk) 06:08, 17 April 2008 (UTC)

Merge proposal

There does not seem to be much sense in having a separate article on Genetics and violence, which is basically a stub anyway. I propose to merge whatever usable material there is in that article into this article. --Crusio (talk) 10:18, 29 June 2008 (UTC)

Agree. The two articles have the same topic, and this one is far better, and has the more appropriate title. Pete.Hurd (talk) 02:23, 30 June 2008 (UTC)

Useful sources for updating this and related articles

Wikipedia has a lot of interesting articles based on the ongoing research in behavior genetics, both in humans and in nonhuman animals. I've been reading university textbooks on genetics "for fun" since the 1980s, and for even longer I've been visiting my state flagship university's vast BioMedical Library to look up topics on human medicine and health care policy. That university has long been a center of research on human behavior genetics, being the site of a major study of monozygotic twins reared apart. On the hypothesis that better sources build better articles as all of us here collaborate to build an encyclopedia, I thought I would suggest some sources for updating the articles on behavior genetics and related topics. The Wikipedia guidelines on reliable sources in medicine provide a helpful framework for evaluating sources.

The guidelines on reliable sources for medicine remind editors that "it is vital that the biomedical information in all types of articles be based on reliable, third-party, published sources and accurately reflect current medical knowledge."

Ideal sources for such content includes literature reviews or systematic reviews published in reputable medical journals, academic and professional books written by experts in the relevant field and from a respected publisher, and medical guidelines or position statements from nationally or internationally recognised expert bodies.

The guidelines, consistent with the general Wikipedia guidelines on reliable sources, remind us that all "Wikipedia articles should be based on reliable, published secondary sources" (emphasis in original). They helpfully define a primary source in medicine as one in which the authors directly participated in the research or documented their personal experiences. By contrast, a secondary source summarizes one or more primary or secondary sources, usually to provide an overview of the current understanding of a medical topic. The general Wikipedia guidelines let us know that "Articles should rely on secondary sources whenever possible. For example, a review article, monograph, or textbook is better than a primary research paper. When relying on primary sources, extreme caution is advised: Wikipedians should never interpret the content of primary sources for themselves."

Other Wikipedians who watch the article Behavioural genetics did all of us a great favor on the article talk page by suggesting helpful sources. In particular, User:Pete.Hurd suggested an authoritative textbook on behavior genetics, covering both the human and the animal research, and following up on his suggestion led me to several other helpful sources with similar subject cataloging in libraries.

I will start a workpage of an article update draft in my user space, relying on the sources recommended on the article talk page and on others listed here (in approximate order of date of publication, which is also almost but not exactly the order in which I have read them over the last few years):

• Rutter, Michael (2006). Genes and Behavior: Nature-Nurture Interplay Explained. Malden (MA): Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN 978-1-4051-1061-7. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |laydate= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |laysummary= ignored (help)

• Bazzett, Terence J. (2008). An Introduction to Behavior Genetics. Sunderland (MA): Sinauer. pp. 241–242. ISBN 978-0-87893-049-4. Taken together, these findings suggest that about 50% of the variation seen in IQ scores is accounted for by genetics and a nearly equal percentage is accounted for by environment. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |laydate= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |laysummary= ignored (help)

• Kim, Yong-Kyu, ed. (25 March 2009). Handbook of Behavior Genetics. Springer. doi:10.1007/978-0-387-76727-7. ISBN 978-0-387-76727-7. Retrieved 15 December 2013. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |laydate= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |laysummary= ignored (help)

• Flint, Jonathan; Greenspan, Ralph J.; Kendler, Kenneth S. (28 January 2010). How Genes Influence Behavior. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-955990-9. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |laydate= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |laysummary= ignored (help)

• Anholt, Robert R. H.; Mackay, Trudy F. C. (2010). Principles of behavioral genetics. Academic Press. ISBN 978-0-12-372575-2. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |laydate= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |laysummary= ignored (help)

• Goldman, David (2012). Our Genes, Our Choices: How Genotype and Gene Interactions Affect Behavior. Elsevier Academic Press. ISBN 978-0-12-396952-1. OCLC 773025118. Retrieved 7 November 2013. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |laysummary= and |laydate= (help)

• Segal, Nancy L. (2012). Born Together—Reared Apart. Cambridge (MA): Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-05546-9. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |laydate= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |laysummary= ignored (help)

• Plomin, Robert; DeFries, John C.; Knopik, Valerie S. (24 September 2012). Behavioral Genetics. Shaun Purcell (Appendix: Statistical Methods in Behaviorial Genetics). Worth Publishers. ISBN 978-1-4292-4215-8. Retrieved 4 September 2013. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help); Unknown parameter |laydate= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |laysummary= ignored (help)

There are many useful review articles and overview news stories from peer-reviewed scientific journals that meet the WP:MEDRS guidelines and are very useful sources for updating articles about behavior genetics (and I encourage Wikipedians to suggest others besides those listed here).

• Turkheimer, Eric; Gottesman, Irving I. (1991). "Is H² = 0 a null hypothesis anymore?". Behavioral and Brain Sciences. 14 (03): 410–411. doi:10.1017/S0140525X00070540. ISSN 0140-525X. Archived from the original on 19 April 2013. Retrieved 22 November 2013. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

• Turkheimer, Eric (October 2000). "Three Laws of Behavior Genetics and What They Mean" (PDF). Current Directions in Psychological Science. 9 (5): 160–164. doi:10.1111/1467-8721.00084. ISSN 0963-7214. Retrieved 29 October 2013.

• Johnson, Wendy; Turkheimer, E.; Gottesman, Irving; Bouchard, Thomas (2009). "Beyond Heritability: Twin Studies in Behavioral Research" (PDF). Current Directions in Psychological Science. 18 (4): 217–220. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8721.2009.01639.x. PMC 2899491. PMID 20625474. Retrieved 21 November 2010.

• Johnson, Wendy; Penke, Lars; Spinath, Frank M. (2011). "Understanding Heritability: What it is and What it is Not" (PDF). European Journal of Personality. 25 (4): 287–294. doi:10.1002/per.835. ISSN 0890-2070. Archived from the original on 2011. Retrieved 15 December 2013. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |archivedate= (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

• Dick, Danielle M. (2011). "Gene-Environment Interaction in Psychological Traits and Disorders". Annual Review of Clinical Psychology. 7: 383–409. doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032210-104518. ISBN 978-0-8243-3907-4. ISSN 1548-5943. PMC 3647367. PMID 21219196.

Some more general reference books about genetics or behavior also touch on behavior genetics issues through book chapters.

• Spinath, Frank M.; Johnson, Wendy (2011). "Chapter 10: Behavior Genetics". In Chamorro-Premuzic, Tomas; von Stumm, Sophie; Furnham, Adrian (eds.). The Wiley-Blackwell Handbook of Individual Differences. United Kingdom: Blackwell Publishing Ltd. doi:10.1002/9781444343120. ISBN 978-1-4443-3438-8. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |laydate= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |laysummary= ignored (help)

• Maxson, Stephen C. (10 October 2012). "Chapter 1: Behavioral Genetics". In Weiner, Irving B.; Nelson, Randy J.; Mizumori, Sheri (eds.). Handbook of Psychology (PDF). Vol. Volume 3: Behavioral Neuroscience. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-0-470-89059-2. Archived from the original on 2013. Retrieved 15 December 2013. {{cite book}}: |volume= has extra text (help); Check date values in: |archivedate= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameters: |laysummary= and |laydate= (help)

I look forward to discussing these and other sources with you as we collaboratively update this article. Have a happy new year. -- WeijiBaikeBianji (talk, how I edit) 02:40, 20 December 2013 (UTC)

http://www.nature.com/mp/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/mp2014130a.html Pete.Hurd (talk) 19:32, 31 October 2014 (UTC)

Thanks. Someone else told me about that new paper two days ago, off-wiki. -- WeijiBaikeBianji (talk, how I edit) 22:07, 31 October 2014 (UTC)

Western Europe, State Formation, and Genetic Pacification

[1] Benjamin (talk) 02:43, 30 March 2019 (UTC)

Wiki Education assignment: BISC 2 Genetics, Ecology, and Evolution

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Wiki Education assignment: Brain Tips

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