FIA Super Licence
The FIA Super Licence is a driver's qualification allowing the holder to compete in the Formula One World Championship.
Requirements
[edit]Super Licence
[edit]To qualify for an FIA Racing Super Licence an applicant must meet the requirements of the FIA's International Sporting Code, Appendix L, Article 5. As of June 2024, the article states:
- A minimum age of 18 at the start of their first F1 competition. Though it can be issued in exceptional circumstances under the discretion of FIA at age 17.
- An existing holder of an International Grade A competition licence.
- Passing of an FIA theory test on knowledge of the F1 sporting codes and regulations when applying for the first time.[a]
- Completed at least 80% of each of two full seasons of any of the Championships reported in Supplement 1 of the regulations.
- Accumulated at least 40 points over the previous three seasons in any combination of the championships reported in Supplement 1 of the regulations.
Provided a driver has previously held a super licence, they do not have to meet these requirements:
- A driver who has held a valid super licence for any of the previous three seasons is eligible for a new licence if they have completed 100 km in a free practice session in the last 3 years.
- A driver who has previously held a super licence but has not held a valid licence within the previous three years issue can be granted an exemption by the FIA on the grounds of "recent and consistent demonstration" of "outstanding ability in single-seater formula cars".[1]
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, requirement 6 was amended to allow the three best-scoring seasons from the previous four seasons to count if the three-season window includes 2021. If a driver has accumulated at least 30 points and competed in any of the Championships reported in Supplement 1 and was unable to accumulate the 40 points due to "circumstances outside their control or reasons of force majeure", the licence could be granted at the discretion of the FIA.[1][2] In June 2024, FIA modified the rules so that drivers were no longer required to hold road legal driving licence.[3]
As of May 2024[update],[1] the Supplement 1 Super Licence points, which also qualify for the 80% rule, are awarded according to the following table:
| Series | Championship position | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 4th | 5th | 6th | 7th | 8th | 9th | 10th | |
| FIA Formula 2 Championship | 40 | 40 | 40 | 30 | 20 | 10 | 8 | 6 | 4 | 3 |
| IndyCar Series [A] | 40 | 30 | 20 | 10 | 8 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
| FIA Formula 3 Championship | 30 | 25 | 20 | 15 | 12 | 9 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 2 |
| FIA Formula E World Championship | 30 | 25 | 20 | 10 | 8 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
| FIA World Endurance Championship Hypercar | 30 | 24 | 20 | 16 | 12 | 10 | 8 | 6 | 4 | 2 |
| Formula Regional European Championship | 25 | 20 | 15 | 10 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Super Formula Championship | 25 | 20 | 15 | 10 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| FIA World Endurance Championship LMP2 (folded 2023, expires post-2026) | 20 | 16 | 12 | 10 | 8 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| Super GT500 | 20 | 16 | 12 | 10 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| IMSA GTP [A] | 20 | 16 | 12 | 10 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Formula Regional Middle East Championship | 18 | 14 | 12 | 10 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Formula Regional Asian Championship (folded 2022, expires post-2025) | 18 | 14 | 12 | 10 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Formula Regional Americas Championship | 18 | 14 | 12 | 10 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Formula Regional Japanese Championship | 18 | 14 | 12 | 10 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Formula Regional Oceania Championship | 18 | 14 | 12 | 10 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters | 15 | 12 | 10 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| World Touring Car Cup (folded 2022, expires post-2025) | 15 | 12 | 10 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Supercars Championship [A] | 15 | 12 | 10 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| NASCAR Cup Series [A] | 15 | 12 | 10 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Indy NXT [A] | 15 | 12 | 10 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| W Series (folded 2022, expires post-2025) | 15 | 12 | 10 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Euroformula Open | 15 | 12 | 10 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Super Formula Lights | 15 | 12 | 10 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Formula 4 Championships [B] [C] | 12 | 10 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| FIA World Endurance Championship LMGT3 | 12 | 10 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| FIA World Endurance Championship LMGTE Pro (folded 2022, expires post-2025) | 12 | 10 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| ALMS / ELMS / IMSA LMP2 | 10 | 8 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| FIA World Endurance Championship LMGTE Am (folded 2023, expires post-2026) | 10 | 8 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| IMSA GTD Pro [A] (removed post-2023, expires post-2026) | 10 | 8 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| National Formula 3 Championships (removed post-2022, expires post-2025) | 10 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| F1 Academy | 10 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| USF Pro 2000 Championship [A] | 10 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| GB3 Championship | 10 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| NASCAR Xfinity Series [A] | 10 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| International GT3 Series | 6 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Super GT300 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| FIA Karting World Championships Senior [D] | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| FIA Karting Continental Championships Senior [D] | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| FIA Karting World Championships Junior [D] | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| FIA Karting Continental Championships Junior [D] | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Source:[1] | ||||||||||
- ^ a b c d e f g h Subject to 'road course' rounds being held on FIA-homologated circuits. (See List of motor racing circuits by FIA Grade for a full list)[4]
- ^ The Driver must be at least 15 years old. If a driver competes in this FIA certified competition while under the age of 15, they will be ineligible for any Super Licence points in the current and the following two years.
- ^ For 2023 only, Formula 4 South East Asia certified by the FIA is awarded 50% of the points listed in table, on completion of three (3) events using two (2) track layouts, and Formula 4 India certified by the FIA is awarded 100% of the points listed in table, on completion of four (4) events using two (2) track layouts.
- ^ a b c d A driver can accumulate a maximum of 12 points in FIA karting Championships. Points from karting are valid for five years.
In 2019, for a series to award Super Licence points, a championship season must consist of at least five events spanning at least three different circuits, with alternative circuit configurations considered to be separate circuits. Additionally, a series must have at least 12 drivers compete at any event and a minimum of 16 drivers compete across a season to meet the criteria for full points – a series with 12 or more drivers per event and between 12 and 15 over the course of a season will award 75% points, and a series with entry lists of 11 competitors or lower will not be eligible for points. Championships, such as the 2019 F3 Asian Winter Series, may be set aside points but cannot award them if the championship season does not meet these criteria.[5]
A driver can earn points from either 1 or 2 series in a calendar year. The results from a maximum of 2 championships can be accumulated from a single calendar year, provided that the start date of the second championship falls after the end date of the first championship during the year in question.[1]
For any season ending in 2020 or 2021 the criteria have decreased from racing five events to three, from three tracks to two and from 16 drivers on the first race to 10.
Drivers may also earn points for:
- 1 point – driving at least 100 km during a Free Practice session for up to 10 points (with one point awarded per World Championship event).
- 2 points – completing an FIA Championship with a penalty points system without receiving any penalty points.
- 5 points – winning the Macau Grand Prix.
If multiple drivers complete a season competing in the same car they will be awarded a fraction of their points according to their FIA Driver Categorisation:
- Platinum and Gold ranked drivers – 100% of the points received.
- Silver ranked drivers – 75% of the points received.
- Bronze ranked drivers – 50% of the points received.
- Drivers without a categorisation will be awarded no points.
Free Practice Only Super Licence
[edit]Beginning in the 2019 Formula One season the FIA introduced a requirement for drivers participating in free practice sessions to hold a stand-alone Free Practice Only Super Licence with the holding of a standard Super licence not automatically granting a Free Practice Only Super licence. The criteria are as follows:
- A minimum age of 18 at the start of their first F1 competition.
- An existing holder of an International Grade A competition licence.
- Passing of an FIA theory test on knowledge of the F1 sporting codes and regulations when applying for the first time.
- When applying for the first time – completion of either six races in Formula 2, or accumulated 25 Super Licence points in eligible championships during the previous three years.
- A holder of a valid driving licence when applying for the first time.[b][c]
- All subsequent applications – completion of either a full season in Formula 2, or accumulated 25 Super Licence points in eligible championships during the previous three years.
Should the three-calendar year period include the year 2020, the FIA will consider the three seasons with most accumulated points in the season out of four seasons.
Renewal, sanctions, and costs
[edit]Probation periods and renewal
[edit]The FIA issue licences subject to a 12-month probation period after first issue which applies to full and free practice licence. At any time during the first 12 months the FIA may review and withdraw a super licence if the standards to continue holding a licence are not being met.
Super Licences are issued on an annual calendar year basis and must be renewed at the end of each year.[1]
Sanctions
[edit]The FIA have a series of sanctions which can be placed on a driver's Super Licence which are in the form of reprimands and penalty points. If a driver accumulated three reprimands over the course of a season the FIA may impose penalty points. Since 2014 if a driver accumulates 12 or more penalty points in a 12-month period they will receive a one race ban for the next event they are scheduled to participate in. The issuing of penalty points is not subject to reprimands being issued as a pre-requisite.[1][6] Following the 2024 Italian Grand Prix, Kevin Magnussen became the first driver since 2013 to fall foul of the penalty points rules and was banned from competing at the following event - the 2024 Azerbaijan Grand Prix.[7]
Costs
[edit]The FIA charges the licence holder an annual fee. According to a report on the BBC, the cost of a super licence rose by an average £8,700 in 2009, and there was an extra charge of €2,100 per point earned in 2008—up from €447 per point in 2007.[8] In 2009, Lewis Hamilton paid £242,000 for his licence for the season.
Reducing the cost of the super licence represented a significant policy shift for FIA's then-president Max Mosley, who wrote to Formula 1 drivers in February 2009 suggesting that they "race elsewhere if they were unable to pay for their super licences".[9] Later on March 23, after Mosley met with representatives from the Grand Prix Drivers' Association (GPDA), the FIA issued a statement: "Following a very positive meeting between FIA President Max Mosley and representatives of the Grand Prix Drivers' Association (GPDA), a proposal will be made to the World Motor Sport Council to revise super licence fees for drivers in the 2010 championship".[10]
In November 2012, however, FIA announced that it would again increase the cost of the super licence.[11] According to McLaren team principal Martin Whitmarsh, the proposed increase would lead to a basic fee of €10,000 ($12,800) for the super licence plus €1,000 ($1,280) for each World Championship point.[12] 2009 Formula 1 World Driver's Champion Jenson Button objected, and expressed his position that all current F1 drivers should pay the same flat fee for their super licences:
Personally I don't feel that we should be paying different super licence fees for different drivers and different point situations. I mean, when you get your licence to drive on the road, because you do more miles you don't pay more for it, do you? And you don't pay more for a licence in any other category because you've got a better car or whatever, so it should be a flat fee.
Button's total super licensing costs for the 2010 season, based on his 2009 results, were variously reported as over a quarter of a million Euros by one source[14] and approximately €1M ($1.28M) by others.[15][16]
Nationality of drivers
[edit]The nationality that appears on the racing licence is identical to a driver's passport. This is not necessarily the same as the country issuing the racing licence. A Frenchman living in Germany would receive a licence issued by the German motorsport authorities, but the nationality displayed on the licence would still be French. In order to race with a licence that displays German, the driver would need to have a German passport as well. Drivers with multiple citizenship choose their "official" nationality.[17]
As a result of this rule, several mistakes occurred on official entry lists issued by and podium ceremonies organized by the FIA or race organisers, the most notable relating to Eddie Irvine. He was a British citizen throughout his career and he held a racing licence issued by the National Sporting Authority of the Republic of Ireland. The FIA mistakenly issued official entry lists (for the 1995 and 1996 seasons) which stated that Irvine was competing as an Irish national.[18][19] This situation also created some confusion as to Irvine's nationality when he appeared at podium ceremonies in the Formula One World Championship. During his earliest podium appearances (at the 1995 Canadian Grand Prix, 1996 Australian Grand Prix, 1997 Argentine Grand Prix and 1997 Monaco Grand Prix), an Irish Tricolour was mistakenly flown by the race organisers.
This rule, however, has not been in force since the beginning of the Formula One World Championship. In the past, the choice of the nationality was up to the driver. Jochen Rindt, for instance, chose to hold in Formula One an Austrian nationality. He competed with a license issued by the Austrian National Sporting Authority during his career, despite the fact he was born in Germany and had German and not Austrian citizenship.[20]
Notes
[edit]- ^ For any subsequent applications, the drivers team needs to certify that they have held a briefing about the most important points of the International Sporting Code and of the F1 Sporting Regulations.
- ^ This must be for the country listed as their nationality.
- ^ This must allow the driving of motor vehicles on public roads and must be current and not suspended.
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f g "Appendix L to the International Sporting Code" (PDF). FIA. 2024-06-11.
- ^ "Reverse engineering clampdown and super licence revisions approved by FIA". www.formula1.com. Formula 1. 9 October 2020. Retrieved 2020-12-04.
- ^ "F1 rules change gives Antonelli chance to make debut before he turns 18". 14 June 2024.
- ^ Page 65 in https://www.fia.com/sites/default/files/appendix_l_2023_publie_le_7_decembre_2022.pdf
- ^ "Ticktum F1 superlicence bid thwarted by eligibility rule". Motorsport.com. Archived from the original on 3 April 2019. Retrieved 22 January 2019.
- ^ https://www.autosport.com/f1/news/formula-1-to-introduce-penalty-point-system-in-2014-4466979/4466979/
- ^ https://www.motorsport.com/f1/news/magnussen-gets-azerbaijan-gp-ban-after-italy-f1-clash-with-gasly/10650254/
- ^ "F1 set to cut super-licence fee". BBC. March 24, 2009. Archived from the original on November 29, 2013. Retrieved February 17, 2013.
The Grand Prix Drivers' Association, which represents the majority of F1 drivers, had expressed its discontent at a hike in fees in 2008.
- ^ "F1 set to cut super-licence fee". BBC. March 24, 2009. Archived from the original on November 29, 2013. Retrieved February 17, 2013.
The decision to reduce the licence cost is a big turnaround for Mosley who, in February, wrote to Formula 1 drivers to suggest they race elsewhere if they were unable to pay for their super licences.
- ^ "F1 set to cut super-licence fee". BBC. March 24, 2009. Archived from the original on November 29, 2013. Retrieved February 17, 2013.
A number of other issues were discussed and the FIA has agreed to meet representatives of the GPDA on a regular basis to maintain what promises to be a constructive dialogue.
- ^ "F1 drivers to pay more for their FIA super license". yallaf1.com. November 6, 2012. Archived from the original on January 29, 2013. Retrieved February 17, 2013.
F1 drivers will also have to contribute, with Eason saying the cost of their super licence is facing "massive hikes".
- ^ "Motorsports Governing Body FIA Increases License Fees For F1 Drivers' Super License". SportsBusinessDaily Global. November 6, 2012. Retrieved February 17, 2013.
Whitmarsh shows understanding for FIA's "idea of increasing its revenue" in that manner.
- ^ "Button wants flat super licence fee". ESPN F1.com. November 6, 2012. Archived from the original on February 16, 2013. Retrieved February 17, 2013.
Jenson Button believes all drivers should pay the same amount for their super licence to race in Formula One.
- ^ "Button wants flat super licence fee". ESPN F1.com. November 6, 2012. Archived from the original on February 16, 2013. Retrieved February 17, 2013.
I think I spent over a quarter of a million Euros on my licence to race that year!
- ^ Witte Meier, Roman (November 5, 2012). "Royalties: When success is expensive". Motorsport-total.com. Retrieved February 17, 2013.
When I won the World Cup because it was just really expensive. I had to pay about a million euros, if I remember rightly", said Jenson Button, who won the title in 2009.
- ^ "Motorsports Governing Body FIA Increases License Fees For F1 Drivers' Super License". SportsBusinessDaily Global. November 6, 2012. Retrieved February 17, 2013.
When I won the title, it became really expensive. I had to pay pay an estimated €1M ($1.28M), if I remember correctly.
- ^ "FIA International Sporting Code" (PDF). FIA.com. Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile. 13 October 2013. p. 34. Archived (PDF) from the original on 25 January 2015. Retrieved 25 January 2015.
9.5.2 All Drivers, irrespective of the nationality of their Licence, participating in any FIA World Championship Competition, shall retain the nationality of their passport in all official documents, publications and prize‐giving ceremonies.
- ^ "Google". f1fanatic.co.uk. Archived from the original on 11 October 2017. Retrieved 21 June 2018.
- ^ "1996 FIA Formula One World Championship Entry List" (PDF). FIA.com. Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile. 4 December 1995. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 March 2005. Retrieved 28 July 2015.
- ^ Heß, Peter (5 September 2010). "Tod eines glücklichen Mannes". faz.net (in German). Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung. Archived from the original on 14 January 2016. Retrieved 14 January 2016.