Cirsium hydrophilum
| Cirsium hydrophilum | |
|---|---|
| |
| Suisun thistle | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Asterales |
| Family: | Asteraceae |
| Genus: | Cirsium |
| Species: | C. hydrophilum
|
| Binomial name | |
| Cirsium hydrophilum | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
| |
Cirsium hydrophilum is a species of thistle which is endemic to California, where it is found only in the San Francisco Bay Area and the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta. This native thistle grows in wet boggy habitats.[2]
Description
[edit]Cirsium hydrophilum may reach 2 metres (6.6 ft) in height with a branching, cobwebby stem. The leaves are longest near the base of the plant, approaching 90 centimetres (35 in) in length. They are cut into toothed lobes and covered in spines, particularly along the petiole.[2]
The inflorescence bears one or more flower heads, each up to 3 centimetres (1.2 in) long. The head is lined with sticky, twisted, spiny phyllaries and contains pink to purple flowers. The fruit is an achene a 2–4 millimetres (0.079–0.157 in) long topped with a pappus of about 1.5 centimetres (0.59 in) centimeters.[2]
Varieties
[edit]There are two very localized varieties:
- The rare Cirsium hydrophilum var. hydrophilum, the Suisun thistle, is known from two occurrences in the Suisun Marsh, in the salt marsh habitat of the Delta in Solano County. It is treated as a federally listed endangered species.[3][4]
- The very rare Cirsium hydrophilum var. vaseyi, Mt. Tamalpais thistle or Vasey's thistle, is known from about twenty occurrences on Mount Tamalpais in Marin County, in Vacaville, California in Solano County, and inside the Presidio in the City of San Francisco. It is currently not a listed federal or state endangered species.[5][6]
References
[edit]- ^ The Plant List, Cirsium hydrophilum (Greene) Jeps.
- ^ a b c Flora of North America, Cirsium hydrophilum (Greene) Jepson, Fl. W. Calif. 507. 1901.
- ^ California Native Plant Society: var. hydrophilum
- ^ Calflora taxon report, University of California, Cirsium hydrophilum (E. Greene) Jepson var. hydrophilum, Suisun thistle
- ^ California Native Plant Society: var. vaseyi
- ^ Calflora taxon report, University of California, Cirsium hydrophilum (E. Greene) Jepson var. vaseyi (A. Gray) J. Howell, Mt. Tamalpais thistle, Vasey's thistle
External links
[edit]- Jepson Manual Treatment - Cirsium hydrophilum
- The Nature Conservancy-NatureServe: Cirsium hydrophilum
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- NatureServe critically imperiled species
- Cirsium
- Endemic flora of California
- Natural history of the California chaparral and woodlands
- Natural history of the Central Valley (California)
- Natural history of Marin County, California
- Taxa named by Willis Linn Jepson
- Critically endangered flora of California
- Cardueae stubs