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List of historical secret police organizations

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This is a list of historical secret police organizations. In most cases they are no longer current because the regime that ran them was overthrown or changed, or they changed their names. Few still exist under the same name as legitimate police forces.

Agencies by country

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  • Jatiya Rakkhi Bahini (JRB) (National Defense Force) was a Bangladeshi para-military force formed in 1972 by the Sheikh Mujibur Rahman government.

Initially formed to curb the insurgency and maintain law and order the force became involved in numerous charges of human rights abuse including political killings, shooting by death squads, and rape. It was seen as the armed wing of the ruling Awami League and it swore an oath of loyalty to Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. The Force was disbanded and merged with the Bangladesh Army following the August 15th 1975 coup which dislodged Sheikh Mujibur Rahman from power.

  • General Directorate for State Security (French: Direction Générale de la Sécurité de l'État)[1]
  • Ravnateljstvo za javni red i sigurnost (RAVSIGUR) (Directorate for Public Order and Security) / Glavno ravnateljstvo za javni red i sigurnost (GRAVSIGUR) (General Directorate for Public Order and Security)
  • Ustaška nadzorna služba (UNS) (Ustaše Surveillance Service)

Greece

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  • Komando Pemulihan Keamanan dan Ketertiban (Kopkamtib) (Security and Order Restoration Command), active during the regime of Suharto
  • Social and Political Research Service (So Nghien Cuu Xa Hoi Chinh Tri) (during the regime of Ngo Dinh Diem)[10]
  • Centre Nationale de Documentation (CND) (National Documentation Center) – 1969-early 1980s
  • Agence Nationale de Documentation (AND) (National Documentation Agency) – Early 1980s – August 1990
  • Service National d'Intelligence et de Protection (SNIP) (National Service for Intelligence and Protection) (August 1990 – May 1997)[11]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ John F. Clark and Samuel Decalo, Historical Dictionary of Republic of the Congo, Fourth Edition (2012), page 134.
  2. ^ Novo, Andrew (2019). "Birth of the Cold War: irregular warfare first blood in Greece". Small Wars & Insurgencies. 30 (1): 31–61. doi:10.1080/09592318.2018.1554338. S2CID 150452858.
  3. ^ Kalyvas, Stathis N. (2015). "Rebel Governance During the Greek Civil War, 1942–1949". Rebel Governance in Civil War. Cambridge University Press. pp. 119–137. ISBN 978-1-107-10222-4.
  4. ^ Nyrop, Richard F. (ed.). Guatemala: A Country Study (1983), p. 202
  5. ^ Abbott, Elizabeth (1988). Haiti: An insider's history of the rise and fall of the Duvaliers. Simon & Schuster. p. 116 ISBN 0-671-68620-8
  6. ^ "Mozambique: Six Months After Independence" Archived 2007-12-17 at the Wayback Machine AliciaPatterson.org. Accessed on May 29, 2008.
  7. ^ http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+so0125) [dead link]
  8. ^ "Army Spied on 18,000 Civilians in 2‐Year Operation". The New York Times. 1971-01-18. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2023-06-15.
  9. ^ Gibbons, William Conrad, The U.S. Government and the Vietnam War: Executive and Legislative Roles and Relationships, Part IV: July 1965-January 1968 (Princeton Legacy Library), p. 854.
  10. ^ Smith, Harvey Henry, Area Handbook for South Vietnam: Volume 550, Issue 55, p. 220 (1967). U.S. Government Printing Office
  11. ^ Glickson, Roger C.; Sinai, Joshua (1994). "The Intelligence Apparatus and Security Forces". In Meditz, Sandra W.; Merrill, Tim (eds.). Zaire: a country study (4th ed.). Washington, D.C.: Federal Research Division, Library of Congress. p. 319. ISBN 0-8444-0795-X. OCLC 30666705.