Sporobolus indicus
| Sporobolus indicus | |
|---|---|
| |
| Smut grass, Sporobolus indicus, growing as a weed on Midway Atoll | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Clade: | Commelinids |
| Order: | Poales |
| Family: | Poaceae |
| Subfamily: | Chloridoideae |
| Genus: | Sporobolus |
| Species: | S. indicus
|
| Binomial name | |
| Sporobolus indicus | |
Sporobolus indicus is a species of grass known by the common name smut grass.[1]
Distribution
[edit]This bunchgrass is native to temperate and tropical areas of the Americas.
It can be found in more regions, as well as on many Pacific Islands, as an introduced species and a common weed of disturbed habitat. It is naturalized in Hawaii, Fiji, French Polynesia, New Caledonia, Midway Atoll, and other areas.[2]
Description
[edit]Sporobolus indicus is a perennial bunchgrass producing a tuft of stems up to about a meter (3 feet) tall. The hairless leaves are up to 50 centimeters long. The inflorescence is a dense, narrow, spikelike panicle of grayish or light brown spikelets, its base sometimes sheathed by the upper leaf.
The inflorescence and upper leaves are sometimes coated in black smut fungus of the genus Bipolaris, the reason for the common name smut grass.[3]
The 1889 book The Useful Native Plants of Australia records that common names included "Rat-tail Grass" "Chilian Grass" and that Indigenous People of the Cloncurry River area of Northern Australia called it "Jil-crow-a-berry". It also states that Sporobolus indicus is "A fine, open, pasture grass, found throughout the colonies. Its numerous penetrating roots enable it to resist severe drought. It yields a fair amount of fodder, much relished by stock, but is too coarse for sheep. The seeds form the principal food of many small birds. It has been suggested as a paper-making material."[4]
References
[edit]- ^ USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Sporobolus indicus". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 27 November 2015.
- ^ PIER Profile
- ^ Grass Manual Treatment
- ^ J. H. Maiden (1889). The useful native plants of Australia : Including Tasmania. Turner and Henderson, Sydney.
External links
[edit]
- Sporobolus
- Bunchgrasses of North America
- Grasses of the United States
- Grasses of Mexico
- Native grasses of California
- Native grasses of Texas
- Grasses of Alabama
- Flora of the Southeastern United States
- Natural history of the California chaparral and woodlands
- Natural history of the Peninsular Ranges
- Chloridoideae stubs