Sapotaceae
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (April 2013) |
| Sapotaceae | |
|---|---|
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| Foliage and fruit (a berry containing one seed) of Pouteria sapota | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Ericales |
| Family: | Sapotaceae Juss.[1] |
| Type genus | |
| Manilkara Adans.[2]
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| Subfamilies | |
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The Sapotaceae are a family of flowering plants belonging to the order Ericales. The family includes about 800 species of evergreen trees and shrubs in around 65 genera (35–75, depending on generic definition). Their distribution is pantropical.
Many species produce edible fruits, or white blood-sap that is used to cleanse dirt, organically and manually, while others have other economic uses. Species noted for their edible fruits include Manilkara (sapodilla), Chrysophyllum cainito (star-apple or golden leaf tree), Gambeya africana and Gambeya albida (star-apple), and Pouteria (abiu, canistel, lúcuma, mamey sapote). Vitellaria paradoxa (shi in several languages of West Africa and karité in French; also anglicized as shea) is also the source of an oil-rich nut, the source of edible shea butter, which is the major lipid source for many African ethnic groups and is also used in traditional and Western cosmetics and medications. The "miracle fruit" Synsepalum dulcificum is also placed in the Sapotaceae.
Trees of the genus Palaquium (gutta-percha) produce an important latex with a wide variety of uses. The seeds of the tree Argania spinosa produce an edible oil, traditionally harvested in Morocco.
The family name is derived from zapote, a Mexican vernacular name for one of the plants (in turn derived from the Nahuatl tzapotl) and Latinised by Linnaeus as sapota, a name now treated as a synonym of Manilkara (also formerly known by the invalid name Achras).
Genera
[edit]63 genera are currently accepted:[3]
- Abebaia Baehni
- Amorphospermum F.Muell.
- Aningeria Aubrév. & Pellegr.
- Argania Roem. & Schult. (also incl. in Sideroxylon)
- Aubregrinia Heine
- Aulandra H.J.Lam
- Autranella A.Chev.
- Baillonella Pierre
- Bemangidia L.Gaut.
- Breviea Aubrév. & Pellegr.
- Burckella Pierre
- Capurodendron Aubrév.
- Chromolucuma Ducke
- Chrysophyllum L.
- Delpydora Pierre
- Diploknema Pierre
- Diploon Cronquist
- Donella Pierre ex Baill.
- Eberhardtia Lecomte
- Ecclinusa Mart.
- Elaeoluma Baill.
- Englerophytum K.Krause
- Faucherea K.Krause
- Gambeya Pierre
- Gluema Aubrév. & Pellegr.
- Inhambanella Dubard
- Isonandra Wight
- Labourdonnaisia Bojer
- Labramia A.DC.
- Lecomtedoxa Dubard
- Letestua Lecomte
- Madhuca Buch.-Ham. ex J.F.Gmel.
- Magodendron Vink
- Malacantha Pierre
- Manilkara Adans.
- Micropholis (Griseb.) Pierre
- Mimusops L.
- Neohemsleya T.D.Penn.
- Neolemonniera Heine
- Niemeyera F.Muell.
- Northia Hook.f.
- Omphalocarpum P.Beauv.
- Palaquium Blanco
- Payena A.DC.
- Pichonia Pierre
- Planchonella Pierre
- Pleioluma (Baill.) Baehni
- Pouteria Aubl.
- Pradosia Liais
- Pycnandra Benth.
- Sahulia Swenson
- Sarcaulus Radlk.
- Sarcosperma Hook.f.
- Sersalisia R.Br.
- Sideroxylon L.
- Spiniluma (Baill.) Aubrév.
- Synsepalum (A.DC.) Daniell
- Tieghemella Pierre
- Tridesmostemon Engl.
- Tsebona Capuron
- Van-royena Aubrév.
- Vitellaria C.F.Gaertn.
- Vitellariopsis (Baill.) Dubard
- Xantolis Raf.
References
[edit]
- ^ Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2009). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 161 (2): 105–121. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x. hdl:10654/18083.
- ^ "Sapotaceae Juss., nom. cons". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2003-01-17. Retrieved 2009-04-06.
- ^ Sapotaceae Juss. Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 6 June 2023.
