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Fujifilm

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Not to be confused with Fiji Television or Fuji Television.
Fujifilm Holdings Corporation
Native name
富士フイルムホールディングス株式会社
Fuji-fuirumu Hōrudingusu kabushiki gaisha
Company typePublic
Industry
FoundedJanuary 20, 1934; 90 years ago (1934-01-20)
HeadquartersMidtown West, Tokyo Midtown
Akasaka, Minato, Tokyo, Japan
Area served
Worldwide
Key people
Products
Revenue JP¥2.32 trillion (FY 2019)[1]
JP¥186.57 billion (2019)[1]
JP¥124.99 billion (2019)[1]
Total assets JP¥3.32 trillion (2019)[1]
Number of employees
73,906 (2019)[1]
Websiteholdings.fujifilm.com

Fujifilm Holdings Corporation (富士フイルムホールディングス株式会社, Fuji-fuirumu Hōrudingusu kabushiki gaisha), trading as Fujifilm (富士フイルム, Fuji-fuirumu), or simply Fuji, is a Japanese multinational conglomerate headquartered in Tokyo, Japan, operating in the areas of photography, optics, office and medical electronics,[2][3][4] biotechnology,[5][6] and chemicals.[7][8]

The company started as a manufacturer of photographic films, which it still produces. Fujifilm products include document solutions, medical imaging and diagnostics equipment, cosmetics, pharmaceutical drugs, regenerative medicine, stem cells, biologics manufacturing, magnetic tape data storage, optical films for flat-panel displays, optical devices, photocopiers, printers, digital cameras, color films, color paper, photofinishing and graphic arts equipment and materials.[2][4][9][10][11]

Fujifilm is part of the Sumitomo Mitsui Financial Group financial conglomerate (keiretsu).

History

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20th century

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Former Fujifilm logo. The "Fuji" logo on the left was introduced in 1980, while the "Fujifilm" wordmark on the right was introduced in 1992. Both were replaced with the current logo in 2006.

Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. was established in 1934 as a subsidiary of Daicel producing photographic films. In the 1940s, Fuji Photo entered the optical glasses, lenses and equipment markets. In 1962, Fuji Photo and UK-based Rank Xerox Limited (now Xerox Limited) launched Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. through a joint venture.[citation needed]

From the mid-1950s, Fuji Photo began establishing overseas sales bases. In the 1980s, the company expanded its production and other operations internationally. During this period, Fuji Photo developed digital technologies for its photography, medical, and printing sectors. This led to the invention of computed radiography (CR), which addressed several problems associated with traditional radiography, including reducing radiation exposure for both technicians and patients. Fujifilm's systems were marketed and sold under the FCR brand.[12]

Like its rival Eastman Kodak which dominated in the US, Fuji Photo enjoyed a longtime near-monopoly on camera film in Japan.[citation needed] Fuji increased market share in the US by becoming one of the title sponsors of the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics, offering cheaper camera film, and establishing a film factory in the US.[citation needed]

In 1994 vice president Juntarō Suzuki announced that the company would halt paying sōkaiya, a type of protection racket bribe, to Yakuza. In retaliation he was murdered in front of his home by Yakuza.[13] In May 1995, Kodak filed a petition with the US Commerce Department under section 301 of the Commerce Act arguing that its poor performance in the Japanese market was a direct result of unfair practices adopted by Fuji. The complaint was lodged by the US with the World Trade Organization. On January 30, 1998, the WTO announced a "sweeping rejection of Kodak's complaints" about the film market in Japan.[14][15]

21st century

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In March 2006, Noritsu and Fuji announced a strategic alliance for Noritsu to manufacture all of Fuji's photofinishing hardware, such as minilabs. Each company produces its own software for the minilabs.[16]

On September 19, 2006, Fujifilm announced plans to establish a holding company, Fujifilm Holdings Corp. Fujifilm and Fuji Xerox would become subsidiaries of the holding company. A representative of the company reconfirmed its commitment to film, which accounts for 3% of sales.[17]

On January 31, 2018, Fujifilm announced that it would acquire a 50.1% controlling stake in Xerox for US$6.1 billion, which will be amalgamated into its existing Fuji Xerox business.[18][19][20] The deal was subsequently dropped after intervention by activist investors Carl Icahn and Darwin Deason.[21] In late 2019, Fujifilm announced its acquisition of Xerox's 25% stake in the 57-year-old joint venture, Fuji Xerox.[22]

In December 2019, Fujifilm acquired Hitachi's diagnostic imaging business for US$1.63 billion.[3]

Amid the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic, one of Fujifilm Toyama Chemical drugs, i.e. favipiravir, an antiviral commercially named Avigan, is being considered as a possible treatment for the virus,[8][23] after having been approved by China, Russia, and Indonesia authorities by June 2020.

In June 2020, Fujifilm announced a US$928 million investment to a Denmark-based biologics production facility, which it acquired from Biogen a year earlier for around US$890 million, to double the manufacturing capacity.[24] A tape cartridge using strontium ferrite that could store up to 400TB was showcased by Fujifilm in the late same month.[25]

Subsidiaries

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Fuji Xerox was a joint venture between Fujifilm and Xerox Corporation of North America. After the dissolution of their partnership in 2019, Fujifilm made it a wholly owned subsidiary. In January 2020, the corporate name change was announced, from Fuji Xerox to Fujifilm Business Innovation Corporation, effective on April 1, 2021.[26]

Fujifilm bought Sericol Ltd., a UK-based printing ink company specializing in screen, narrow web, and digital print technologies in March 2005.[27]

Fujifilm de México is a Fujifilm subsidiary in Mexico that sells Fujifilm products since 1934 and has been recognized as one of The Best Mexican Companies (Las Mejores Empresas Mexicanas) from 2012 to 2015, a recognition promoted by Banamex, Deloitte México and Tecnológico de Monterrey.[28]

Fujifilm is active in pharmaceutical products and contract manufacturing[29] through its subsidiaries including Fujifilm Toyama Chemical, Fujifilm Diosynth Biotechnologies, etc.

As of July 2020, the Fujifilm Group has two operating companies, which encompass more than 300 subsidiaries in total, and three "shared services companies" under the umbrella.[30] The group structure and a list of some Fujifilm subsidiaries are the following:[31]

  • Fujifilm Holdings Corporation
    • Fujifilm Corporation
      • Fujifilm Imaging Systems
        • Fuji Color Photo Center[32]
      • Fujifilm Medical
      • Fujifilm Pharma
      • Fujifilm RI Pharma
      • Fujifilm Toyama Chemical
      • Fujifilm Dimatix
      • Fujifilm Diosynth Biotechnologies
      • FUJIFILM Cellular Dynamics
      • Fujifilm Photo Manufacturing
      • Fujifilm Fine Chemicals
      • Fujifilm Electronics Materials
      • Fujifilm Engineering
      • Fujifilm Optics
      • Fujifilm Opto Materials
      • Fujifilm Global Graphic Systems
      • Fujifilm Computer Systems
      • Fujifilm Software
      • Fujifilm Techno Services
      • Fujifilm Techno Products
      • Fujifilm Business Supply
      • Fujifilm Digital Press
      • Fujifilm Media Crest
      • Fujifilm Sonosite, Inc.
      • Fujifilm Shizuoka
      • Fujifilm Kyushu
      • Fujifilm Logistics
      • Fujifilm VisualSonics
    • Fuji Xerox
      • Fuji Xerox Printing Systems Sales
      • Fuji Xerox Information Systems
      • Fuji Xerox System Service
      • Fuji Xerox Interfield
      • Fuji Xerox Advanced Technologies
      • Fuji Xerox Manufacturing
      • Fuji Xerox Service Creative
      • Fuji Xerox Service Link
      • Fuji Xerox Learning Institute
    • Fujifilm Business Expert Corporation
    • Fujifilm Systems Corporation
    • Fujifilm Intellectual Property Research Co., Ltd.

Products

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Fujichrome R100 35mm film (expired: 1972)
Fujifilm 200 35mm color film
Fujifilm Superia Premium 400 35mm color film
A Fujifilm blimp
A 100-foot tin of 16 mm Fujifilm
Fujifilm FinePix F30 camera
Fujifilm FinePix S5000
Fujifilm X100F premium compact camera

Photographic film

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  • Fujichrome color reversal (slide) films.
    • Velvia: one of the most saturated and fine-grained slide films, valued by nature and landscape photographers.
    • Provia: a slide film giving more natural colors than Velvia
    • Astia [ja]: a fined grained, low contrast slide film often used for studio or portrait applications
    • Sensia: a low-contrast consumer slide film; the current emulsion is considered to be identical or near-identical to Astia in the professional line.[33][34]
    • Fortia: slide film, featuring extremely vivid color rendering suitable for flower photography and other high-saturation applications (for Japanese market).

  • Fujicolor color negative (print) films
    • Fujicolor Pro 160S, 160C, 400H, and 800Z (formerly NPS, NPC, NPH, and NPZ): professional films with different levels of contrast
    • Reala: the first film to use the fourth cyan-sensitive layer, currently sold under Superia Reala name
    • Superia: intended for snapshots
    • Press: Cut from the same emulsion stock as Superia, but cold stored and sold as a professional film.
  • Fuji Neopan Professional black & white negative film. Neopan 400 and 1600 were designed to use the same developing times, and can be developed in the same tank/machine and developer combination simultaneously. ACROS and SS do not share this feature.
  • Instax instant film packs for Fujifilm's line of instant film cameras

Cameras and lenses

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Other

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  • Fujifilm FinePix XP130 yellow camera
    Fujifilm FinePix XP130 yellow camera
  • Fujifilm S5 Pro
    Fujifilm S5 Pro
  • Fujifilm IS Pro
    Fujifilm IS Pro
  • Instant camera Fujifilm Instax SQUARE SQ10
    Instant camera Fujifilm Instax SQUARE SQ10
  • Instant camera Fujifilm Instax 210
    Instant camera Fujifilm Instax 210
  • Fujifilm FinePix S5500
    Fujifilm FinePix S5500
  • Fujifilm FinePix S700
    Fujifilm FinePix S700
  • Fujinon GF 32–64 mm F4 R LM WR lens
    Fujinon GF 32–64 mm F4 R LM WR lens
  • Fujifilm products in a film vending machine in Japan
    Fujifilm products in a film vending machine in Japan
  • Fujifilm Fujica STX-1N
    Fujifilm Fujica STX-1N
  • Fujifilm GFX 50S
    Fujifilm GFX 50S
  • A Fujifilm television lens
    A Fujifilm television lens

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d e "Fujifilm Financial Information 2019" (PDF). Retrieved 2020-12-02.
  2. ^ a b "Medical Systems | Fujifilm Global". www.fujifilm.com. Retrieved 2021-02-21.
  3. ^ a b "Fujifilm Acquires Hitachi Diagnostic Imaging Business". www.diagnosticimaging.com. 19 December 2019. Retrieved 2020-07-17.
  4. ^ a b "Home FUJI XEROX CO., LTD". www.fujixerox.com. Archived from the original on 2021-02-18. Retrieved 2021-02-21.
  5. ^ "Fujifilm socks $2B into new U.S. site as its global CDMO ambitions take shape". Fierce Pharma. 7 January 2021. Retrieved 2021-02-21.
  6. ^ "Eyeing growth in regenerative medicine, Fujifilm spends $800M on two new members of its CDMO business". Endpoints News. Retrieved 2020-11-17.
  7. ^ "Specialty Chemicals | Fujifilm [United States]". www.fujifilm.com. Retrieved 2021-02-21.
  8. ^ a b Matsuoka, Katsumori (April 13, 2020). "Fujifilm tests favipiravir as COVID-19 treatment". C&EN. Retrieved April 15, 2020.
  9. ^ Tomisawa, Ayai (2014-10-30). "Fujifilm cautious on Avigan profitability, eyes Ebola spread". Reuters. Retrieved 2021-02-21.
  10. ^ Coughlin, Tom. "Digital Storage Projections For 2021, Part 1". Forbes. Retrieved 2021-03-31.
  11. ^ "Document Solutions | Business Activities | Fujifilm Group's Value Creation | Investor Relations | FUJIFILM Holdings". ir.fujifilm.com. Archived from the original on 2021-08-18. Retrieved 2021-03-31.
  12. ^ Mattoon, John S.; Smith, Carin (January 2004). "Breakthroughs in Radiography: Computed Radiography". Compendium. 26 (1). Introduced in the 1980s by Fujifilm Medical Systems, computed radiography (CR) ...
  13. ^ Eiko Maruko, Harvard University (2002-06-22). "Sōkaiya and Japanese Corporations". www.japanesestudies.org.uk. Retrieved 2024-05-27.
  14. ^ "Technological change: The last Kodak moment?". The Economist. 2012-01-14. Retrieved 2014-02-07.
  15. ^ "The Kodak - Fuji Rivalry |Business Strategy Case Studies|Business Strategy Articles". Icmrindia.org. 2013-11-14. Retrieved 2014-02-07.
  16. ^ "Do Fuji and Noritsu Look Alike? Reason: They Really Are (Well, Almost)". Imaginginfo.com. Archived from the original on 7 April 2008. Retrieved 24 May 2019.
  17. ^ Fuji Photo to diversify, shift to holding company system | The Japan Times Online
  18. ^ "Fujifilm acquires Xerox for $6.1 billion". Ars Technica. Retrieved 2018-02-01.
  19. ^ Shirkey, Alec (2018-01-31). "A Giant Is Born: Fujifilm Deal Allows Xerox To Make Inroads Into Asia-Pacific Print Market, Bolster Next-Gen R&D Efforts". CRN. Retrieved 2018-02-01.
  20. ^ Shirkey, Alec (2018-01-31). "Fujifilm Buys Controlling Stake In Xerox, Creating An $18 Billion Printer Industry Behemoth". CRN. Retrieved 2018-02-01.
  21. ^ "Xerox drops Fujifilm deal in settlement with Carl Icahn". CNBC. 14 May 2018. Retrieved 2018-05-15.
  22. ^ "Xerox exits Fujifilm venture with $2.3 billion stake sale to Japan partner". Reuters. 2019-11-05. Retrieved 2020-07-17.
  23. ^ "Fujifilm pairs with Dr. Reddy's, Global Response Aid to make COVID-19 drug Avigan". Fierce Pharma. July 2020. Retrieved 2020-07-17.
  24. ^ "Fujifilm commits $928m to expand biologics facility in Denmark". Pharmaceutical Technology. 2020-06-10. Retrieved 2020-07-17.
  25. ^ Mellor, Chris (2020-06-29). "Fujifilm points to 400TB tape cartridge on the horizon". Blocks and Files. Retrieved 2020-07-17.
  26. ^ "Fuji Xerox Announces Corporate Name Change to FUJIFILM Business Innovation Corp. | FUJI XEROX CO., LTD". www.fujixerox.com. Archived from the original on 2020-10-30. Retrieved 2020-08-01.
  27. ^ Fuji Photo Film Acquires Sericol Group of the United Kingdom Archived 2011-06-18 at the Wayback Machine
  28. ^ "Empresas Reconocidas - Las Mejores Empresas Mexicanas". Mejoresempresasmexicanas.com. Archived from the original on 2016-02-06. Retrieved 2016-06-13.
  29. ^ "Fujifilm launches the Bio CDMO Division". Fujifilm Global. Retrieved 2020-07-17.
  30. ^ "Group Companies | FUJIFILM Holdings". holdings.fujifilm.com. Retrieved 2020-07-17.
  31. ^ "Consolidated Subsidiaries of FUJIFILM Holdings Corporation:Japan | FUJIFILM Holdings". holdings.fujifilm.com. Retrieved 2020-07-17.
  32. ^ "フジカラー フォトセンター ||| 会社概要 |||". Archived from the original on 2019-09-05. Retrieved 2017-09-08.
  33. ^ Everything but the kitchen sink
  34. ^ "Fuji Astia 100F Slide Film Review". Nathangriffin.com. Archived from the original on 2014-04-04. Retrieved 2014-02-07.
  35. ^ "Awards：GOOD DESIGN | 富士フイルムのデザイン". design.fujifilm.com. Retrieved 2015-12-29.
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