Pandea rubra
| Pandea rubra | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Cnidaria |
| Class: | Hydrozoa |
| Order: | Anthoathecata |
| Family: | Pandeidae |
| Genus: | Pandea |
| Species: | P. rubra
|
| Binomial name | |
| Pandea rubra Bigelow, 1913
| |
Pandea rubra is a species of hydrozoans distinguished by an anthomedusan jellyfish with a bright red subumbrella. P. rubra are found in extremely deep and cold Pacific Ocean waters.[1]
Nomenclature
[edit]Red paper lantern jellyfish is a common name for this animal because of its mantle that can crumple up or expand like a paper lantern.[2] Another reason for the name was because it was first seen on the coast of Japan and was seen as sacred.
Anatomy
[edit]The red paper lantern is the most common type of P. rubra that has been recorded. This medusa has a transparent, bell-shaped hood measuring about 10 centimeters in diameter and 17 centimeters from top to bottom, with between 14 and 30 tentacles that extend up to 6 times the length of its body. Inside the transparent hood is a deep red colored mantle. JAMSTEC researcher Dr. Dhugal Lindsay is credited with naming it the paper lantern.[3]
Range and habitat
[edit]P. rubra has only been found in deep and cold ocean waters at only a few sites. So far reported from boreal to sub-boreal waters in the North Pacific and North Atlantic, and also in the Southern Ocean in Japan. They were found at depths between 450-1000m.[1] Environmental ranges:
- Depth range (m): 0 - 2697.5
- Temperature range (°C): -1.525 - 4.636
- Nitrate (umol/L): 23.305 - 41.314
- Salinity (PPS): 33.700 - 34.685
- Oxygen (mL/L): 0.881 - 8.065
- Phosphate (umol/L): 1.415 - 3.280
- Silicate (umol/L): 13.206 - 192.813
Behavior
[edit]P. rubra exhibits bioluminescence, light produced by a chemical reaction within a living organism. Bio-luminescence is a type of luminescence, which is the term for a light-producing chemical reaction. Bio-luminescence is a "cold light" in that less than 20% of the light generates heat.[4]
References
[edit]- ^ a b "Pandea rubra; Red Paper Lantern Jellyfish". Encyclopedia of Life. Retrieved 25 October 2015.
- ^ "Red Paper Lantern Jellyfish". Real Monstrosities. Retrieved 25 October 2015.
- ^ "Pink Tentacle". Jamstec. Retrieved 28 October 2015.
- ^ "Bioluminescence". National Geographic. Archived from the original on September 5, 2015.
External links
[edit]- ^ "Descrizioni e articoli su Pandea rubra - Encyclopedia of Life". Archived from the original on 2015-09-27. Retrieved 2015-11-04.