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Ansa, Queen of the Lombards

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Ansa
Queen consort of the Lombards
Tenure744 - 5 June 774
BornBrescia
DiedAfter 774
Liège
SpouseDesiderius
IssueDesiderata
Anselperga
Adelperga
Liutperga
Adelchis
FatherVerissimo (?)
San Salvatore, Brescia, internal

Ansa or Ansia[1] (died after 774)[2] was a Queen of the Lombards by marriage to Desiderius (756–774), King of the Lombards.

Life

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She belonged to an aristocratic family of Brescia. The Latin name does not imply a Romano-Italic origin, as Romans and Lombards in the eighth century tended to take either Lombard or Latin names. She was probably a Lombard, the daughter of Verissimo and sister of King Hildeprand, Arechis, and Donnolo, and niece of King Liutprand.

In or around 753, she founded the monastery of St. Michele and St. Pietro at Brescia.[3] Her husband meanwhile, had become a royal officer and the couple moved first to the royal court, and then to Tuscany, when Desiderius became 'Duke of Tuscia'. After the death of King Aistulf, Desiderius managed to take the throne and Ansa become queen, actively collaborating with her husband, especially in religious matters. In Brescia, she expanded the previously founded monastery, which became the Monastery of San Salvatore, endowed it with exceptional wealth and made her daughter Anselperga the abbess. The jurisdiction of San Salvatore subjugated an entire network of monasteries in Lombardy, Emilia and Tuscany, creating a federation directly controlled by the sovereign,[4] such as the monastery of San Felice in Pavia, founded in 760 by her husband Desiderius.[5]

After 759, she appeared frequently in Desiderius' diplomas and was probably the architect of his religious policy.[6]

On 5 June 774, she was presented along with her husband to Charlemagne, who had conquered Pavia. Paul the Deacon wrote an Epitaphium Ansae reginae praising her politics, her piety, and her beauty: coniunx pulcherrima, "most beautiful wife"[7] was certainly active in the political and presumably contributed to the marriage policy that made the Lombard monarchy a major European power.

After the fall of the Lombard kingdom, caused by Charlemagne, Ansa was locked up with her husband and daughter without a name, maybe Desiderata, at a monastery of the Carolingian Empire, in Liège or Corbie. A local tradition, however, states that she was buried in the monastery she founded; so it is possible that, after the death of her husband, Ansa, then elderly, received permission to retire to Italy.[8]

Issue

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Her children with Desiderius were a son and four daughters:

Cultural references

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Alessandro Manzoni wrote the tragedy Adelchi about her son in 1822. King Adelkis, son King Poto, dynasty Poto Pothos or Desiderius (Dynasty Puoti, Poto of Castelpoto)

References

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  1. ^ "Ansa, Queen of the Lombards". tutorgigpedia.com.
  2. ^ Helbling 1961.
  3. ^ G.Bognetti, La Brescia dei Goti e dei Longobardi, in Storia di Brescia, I, Brescia 1963, p. 435,
  4. ^ Jarnut 1995, p. 120.
  5. ^ Regione Lombardia. "monastero di San Felice sec. VIII - 1785". Lombardia Beni Culturali. Regione Lombardia. Retrieved 5 January 2023.
  6. ^ Helbling 1961.
  7. ^ Jarnut 1995, p. 126; Rovagnati 2003, p. 92.
  8. ^ A. Magnani, Le regine longobarde a Pavia, p. 91,"Studi sull'Oriente cristiano", 16/2012.
  9. ^ Helbling 1961.

Bibliography

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