Stuffed peppers

Stuffed peppers
Main ingredients	Peppers
	Media: Stuffed peppers;

Stuffed peppers is a dish common in many cuisines. It consists of hollowed or halved bell peppers filled with any of a variety of fillings, often including meat, vegetables, cheese, rice, or sauce. The dish is usually assembled by filling the cavities of the peppers and then cooking.

China

The Cantonese version of stuffed peppers is part of a street food called Three Fried Stuffed Treasures (煎釀三寶), with stuffed peppers, stuffed aubergines, and stuffed sausage. Though with different vegetables and meat, the stuffing is all the same: dace fish paste. After assembling the fish paste, it is deep-fried. It is usually served with Worcestershire sauce, or can be served without sauce.^[1]^[2]

Spain

Stuffed peppers or pimientos rellenos are part of traditional Spanish cuisine, especially that of the region of the Basque Country. Usually piquillo peppers are used.^[3] The fillings might include Manchego cheese, chicken, or cod in a red sauce, with chicken likely being the most popular recipe.

Italy

Stuffed peppers or peperoni ripieni are part of the Italian gastronomic tradition, especially in the southern regions and particularly in Calabria. The traditional Calabrian recipe, called pipi chini, involves the use of round bell peppers, and the filling is made with breadcrumbs, parsley, basil, Grana cheese, tomato, and provola cheese. Sometimes hard-boiled egg, anchovies or ground meat are also added.^[4]

India

Stuffed peppers (bharvan mirch or bharva hari mirch) is one of several stuffed vegetable (bharvan subji) dishes.^[5] It consists of bell peppers stuffed with cooked meat, potatoes, and onions and seasoned with chili, turmeric, coriander, cilantro, salt, and lemon juice. The peppers are then either browned in a tava (frying pan) or baked in an oven until the peppers are scorched.

Mirchi bajji or pakora is a chaat (street food) item and is a hot favorite during the monsoon and cooler months. In Mumbai and western areas, the big green chilli pepper is stuffed with a roasted, spiced flour mix and fried. In the South, the big green chillies, similar to Hatch chili peppers, are dipped in a flour batter and fried. It may be accompanied by chutneys and sauces. In Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu, some of the smaller but more potent chillies are also stuffed and fried, especially as a side to rice.

Eastern Mediterranean

Dolma is a family of stuffed dishes from Ottoman cuisine that can be served warm or cold. Some types of dolma are made with whole vegetables including whole peppers. Today, dolma are found in the cuisines of the Balkans, South Caucasus, Central Asia and the Levant, and the family cuisines of Sephardic and Iraqi Jews. Dolma dishes are found in Balkan, Caucasian, Arab, Israeli, Turkish, and Central Asian cuisine, and were historically part of the Ottoman palace cuisine. The word dolma, of Turkish origin, means "something stuffed".^[6]^[7]

North America

Stuffed peppers in American cuisine is a dish where bell peppers (often the green, yellow, orange, and red varieties) are typically filled with a stuffing such as ground beef, mixed with bread crumbs or cooked rice, eggs, herbs, and spices (especially paprika and parsley) and cheese.^[8] Recipes vary but often include hollowing out the peppers, stuffing them, covering them with cheese, and baking or alternatively cooking them on the stove top at a slow simmer in canned tomato sauce until the peppers are soft. A sauce may be served with them, often a tomato sauce, but this, too, varies greatly.^[9]^[10]

Mexican and “Tex-Mex” cuisine has more than one stuffed pepper dish:

The chile relleno, literally "stuffed pepper", consists of a roasted and peeled/skinned green pasilla or poblano pepper stuffed with cheese (traditionally queso fresco) and, occasionally, minced meat, covered in an egg batter, and fried. It is often served covered with a sauce, although the type of sauce varies widely. It is sometimes also served in a taco with rice, salsa and other toppings. This is also a popular offering at Tex-Mex restaurants in the southwestern U.S., but often cheddar cheese replaces the queso fresco.
Jalapeño poppers are jalapeño peppers that have been hollowed out, stuffed with a mixture of cheese, spices, and sometimes ground meat, and then deep fried. The dish is common in Tex-Mex cuisine and less so in true Mexican cooking.

Guatemala

In Guatemala, the "pimiento" pepper is stuffed with shredded pork and vegetables. As the Mexican version, it is covered with egg batter and fried. It is served with tomato sauce or inside a bread bun.

Nordic and Baltic countries

Nordic countries: Fyldte peberfrugter (Danish), Täytetyt paprikat (Finnish), Fylltar paprikur (Icelandic), Fylt paprika (Norwegian), Fyllda paprikor (Swedish).
Baltic countries (Baltic States): Kimšti pipirai (Lithuanian) usually made with ground beef (or pork), rice, various vegetables and spices; Pildīti pipari (Latvian) and Täidisega paprika (Estonian) is word phrase for "stuffed peppers".

Central and Southeast Europe

There are many names for stuffed peppers in the languages of Central and Southeast Europe:

biber dolmasi (Turkish)
Bibər dolması (Azeri)
Filana paprika or Punjena paprika (Croatian)
Speca të mbushur (Albanian)
Γεμιστά (Gemista) (Greek)
Punjena paprika (Bosnian)
Пуњена паприка (Serbian)
Filana paprika or Polnjena paprika (Slovenian)
Faszerowana papryka (Polish)
Gefüllte Paprika (German)
Töltött paprika (Hungarian)^[11]
Полнети пиперки (Polneti piperki) (Macedonian)
Plněná paprika (Czech)
Plnená paprika (Slovak)
Пълнени чушки (Pulneni chushki) (Bulgarian)
Фаршированный перец (Russian)
Фарширований перець (Ukrainian)
Ardei umpluți (Romanian)

The Hungarian variant, töltött paprika, is always made with Hungarian wax pepper, which has a distinctive taste somewhat similar to lecsó. Punjena paprika (pronounced [pûɲenaː pǎprika]) includes a tomato sauce. In Bulgaria, stuffed peppers are usually eaten with yogurt. Another variety of stuffed peppers in Bulgaria is made with mixed white cheese and eggs instead of meat and rice as stuffing.^{[citation needed]}

In 2017, dolma making in Azerbaijan was included in the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists.^[12]

In Romanian cuisine, stuffed peppers are usually prepared with bell peppers stuffed with ground meat (usually pork), rice, onion, and other vegetables and spices and then boiled in a sauce made from cream, tomatoes, and spices.^{[citation needed]}

Traditionally in Bulgaria, the filling is made of rice steamed in advance, onions, minced meat and spices, heat-treated and crammed into pre-cleaned, washed and riddled with needle peppers. After filling of peppers, they are put in a baking dish, water is added and the dish is baked in the oven. If raw egg is added to the cooled stuffing, filled peppers can be cooked in a pan, as the pods are boiled almost steamed.

Besides minced meat and rice, other fillings may be used, such as vegetables (for example leek) and rice, beans, or fresh cheese and eggs. The peppers themselves can be either fresh or dried. Dried red peppers are used especially in southeastern Serbia around Pirot and Dimitrovgrad, often in winter.

Stuffed peppers are often cooked by Romani people and is a popular dish in Romani cuisine.^[13]

References

^ 韓詠儀 (2017-12-06). "【煎釀三寶食譜】香港特色街頭小食小點醫肚晚餐佐飯一樣得". 香港01 (in Chinese (Hong Kong)). Retrieved 2022-01-06.
^ Food, U. "【簡易食譜】簡單4步就煮到！街頭滋味小食煎釀三寶 | U Food 香港餐廳及飲食資訊優惠網站". U Food. Retrieved 2022-01-06.
^ Gabriela Llamas (2016). Let's Cook Spanish, A Family Cookbook: Vamos a Cocinar Espanol, Recetas Para Toda la Familia. Quarry Books. p. 69. ISBN 9781627888448. Retrieved 14 January 2020.
^ Rosetta Costantino, Janet Fletcher, Shelley Lindgren (2010). My Calabria: Rustic Family Cooking from Italy's Undiscovered South. W. W. Norton. p. 38. ISBN 9780393065169. Retrieved 23 June 2024.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Denny Levin (2016). Stuffed Vegetables: 50 Delicious of Stuffed Vegetables. 50 Delicious of Stuffed Vegetables. ISBN 9781519729637. Retrieved 14 January 2020.
^ Ayto, John (2013). "Dolmades". The Diner's Dictionary. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-964024-9. Archived from the original on 2018-06-30. Retrieved 2018-06-29.
^ "Dolma". Merriam Webster. 25 July 2024.
^ Irma S. Rombauer; Marion Rombauer Becker; Ethan Becker & Maria Guarnaschelli (1997). Joy of Coloking 1997 Revision. Simon and Schuster. p. 404. ISBN 9780684818702. Retrieved 14 January 2020.
^ Parloa, Maria (1887). Miss Parloa's Kitchen Companion (19th ed.). New York, New York: The Clover Publishing Co. p. 525. Retrieved 16 January 2012.
^ Farmer, Fannie Merritt (1896). The Boston Cooking School Cookbook. Boston, Massachusetts: Little, Brown & Co. pp. 267–268. Retrieved 16 January 2012.
^ June Meyers Authentic Hungarian Heirloom Recipes Cookbook
^ Dolma making and sharing tradition, a marker of cultural identity Archived 2017-12-07 at the Wayback Machine. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage.
^ "Inside the Culinary Traditions of the Roma people". December 7, 2018. Retrieved June 23, 2021.

[1] 韓詠儀 (2017-12-06). "【煎釀三寶食譜】香港特色街頭小食小點醫肚晚餐佐飯一樣得". 香港01 (in Chinese (Hong Kong)). Retrieved 2022-01-06.

[2] Food, U. "【簡易食譜】簡單4步就煮到！街頭滋味小食煎釀三寶 | U Food 香港餐廳及飲食資訊優惠網站". U Food. Retrieved 2022-01-06.

[3] Gabriela Llamas (2016). Let's Cook Spanish, A Family Cookbook: Vamos a Cocinar Espanol, Recetas Para Toda la Familia. Quarry Books. p. 69. ISBN 9781627888448. Retrieved 14 January 2020.

[4] Rosetta Costantino, Janet Fletcher, Shelley Lindgren (2010). My Calabria: Rustic Family Cooking from Italy's Undiscovered South. W. W. Norton. p. 38. ISBN 9780393065169. Retrieved 23 June 2024.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[5] Denny Levin (2016). Stuffed Vegetables: 50 Delicious of Stuffed Vegetables. 50 Delicious of Stuffed Vegetables. ISBN 9781519729637. Retrieved 14 January 2020.

[6] Ayto, John (2013). "Dolmades". The Diner's Dictionary. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-964024-9. Archived from the original on 2018-06-30. Retrieved 2018-06-29.

[7] "Dolma". Merriam Webster. 25 July 2024.

[8] Irma S. Rombauer; Marion Rombauer Becker; Ethan Becker & Maria Guarnaschelli (1997). Joy of Coloking 1997 Revision. Simon and Schuster. p. 404. ISBN 9780684818702. Retrieved 14 January 2020.

[Parloa-9] Parloa, Maria (1887). Miss Parloa's Kitchen Companion (19th ed.). New York, New York: The Clover Publishing Co. p. 525. Retrieved 16 January 2012.

[Fannie_Farmer-10] Farmer, Fannie Merritt (1896). The Boston Cooking School Cookbook. Boston, Massachusetts: Little, Brown & Co. pp. 267–268. Retrieved 16 January 2012.

[11] June Meyers Authentic Hungarian Heirloom Recipes Cookbook

[:02-12] Dolma making and sharing tradition, a marker of cultural identity Archived 2017-12-07 at the Wayback Machine. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage.

[13] "Inside the Culinary Traditions of the Roma people". December 7, 2018. Retrieved June 23, 2021.

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