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President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research

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The President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research was a bioethics organization in the United States.

Purposes

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This Congressionally mandated group was formed in November 1978, by Public Law 95-622,[1] succeeding the National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research. It was created to study bio-ethical issues such as the effects of income and residence on the availability of healthcare, the definition of death, patient consent, human research subjects, and genetic engineering, counseling and testing.[1] The commission met a total of 28 times[2] and ultimately published 11 reports, two of which were made up of three volumes, on these topics and their implications.[3] These reports expanded upon ideas originally established in the 1945 Nuremberg Codes and the Belmont Report.[4] Additionally, a guidebook for Institutional Review Boards was published by the commission in 1981.

History

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Jimmy Carter appointed the eleven original members of the commission in July 1979 and the Senate confirmed Morris B. Abram as the chairman of the commission on September 29, 1979.[1] The commissioners were sworn in by Judge David L. Bazelon at the White House on January 1, 1980 and proceeded to hold the first meeting that day. Six additional commissioners were sworn in as replacements were needed. The commission worked independently from January 1980 to March 31, 1983 when its authority expired. The meeting files, correspondences, and unpublished papers from the commission are currently held in the Bioethics Research Library Kennedy Institute of Ethics at Georgetown University.[2] Multiple government formed organizations continued to fulfill the commission's purposes after its expiration, most specifically the Bioethical Medical Advisory Committee which was created in 1988.[5]

Publications

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Its publications included:

Eleven Original Members Appointed by Jimmy Carter[1]

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Replacement Commissioners and Years Sworn In[2]

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  • Frances K. Graham (1980)
  • Carolyn A. Williams (1980)
  • George R. Dunlop (1982)
  • Daher B. Rahi (1982)
  • Seymour Siegel (1982)
  • Lydia Hare Smith (1982)

See also

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References

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  1. "Jimmy Carter: President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research Appointment of the Membership and Nomination of the Chairman. - July 18, 1979." The American Presidency Project. American Presidency Project, n.d. Web. 28 May 2017.
  2. "Guide to the Records in the Bioethics Research Library Kennedy Institute of Ethics ." Georgetown University Archives. Georgetown University, 2 June 1988. Web. 12 May 2017. <https://bioethics.georgetown.edu/archives/Presidents-Commission-for-Study-of-Ethical-Problems-in-Medicine-and-in-Biomedical-and-Behavioral-Research-Original-Archive-Finding-Aid.pdf>.
  3. "Reports of the President's Commission." Go to the Research, Scholarship, Innovation, and Creativity front-page. The University of Mississippi, n.d. Web. 28 May 2017.
  4. Field, Marilyn J. "Introduction." Ethical Conduct of Clinical Research Involving Children. U.S. National Library of Medicine, 01 Jan. 1970. Web. 28 May 2017. <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK25549/>.
  5. "U.S. Bioethics Commissions." Bioethics Research Library. Bioethics Research Library, n.d. Web. 28 May 2017.
Specific
  1. ^ a b c d "Jimmy Carter: President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research Appointment of the Membership and Nomination of the Chairman". The American Presidency Project. Retrieved 2017-05-28.
  2. ^ a b c "Guide to the Records in the Bioethics Research Library Kennedy Institute of Ethics" (PDF). Georgetown University Archives. Kennedy Institute of Ethics. June 2, 1988. Retrieved May 12, 2017.
  3. ^ "5.4 - Reports of the President's Commission | Research, Scholarship, Innovation, and Creativity". www.research.olemiss.edu. Retrieved 2017-05-28.
  4. ^ Field, Marilyn J.; Behrman, Richard E.; Children, Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Clinical Research Involving (2004). Introduction. National Academies Press (US).
  5. ^ "U.S. Bioethics Commissions". Georgetown Bioethics Research Library. Retrieved 2017-05-29.
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