Pose space deformation
Pose space deformation is a computer animation technique which is used to deform a mesh on skeleton-driven animation. Common use of this technique is to deform the shape of a mesh (for example, an arm) according to the angle of the joint (in this case, the elbow) bent. Although the name is commonly called Pose space deformation on many scholarly articles, 3D animation software rarely uses that name. On Autodesk Maya, it's implemented under the name Pose Deformer, and on Blender, it's implemented as Corrective Shape Keys. The first famous application of this technique was the cloth's movement on the first episode of the animated film The Animatrix. Industrial Light & Magic used a linear variant of this approach as one of the tools to animate the Hulk for the The Avengers movie.
Fundamentally, pose space deformation (PSD) poses animation as an alternative class of interpolation. Rather than interpolate in time, as with animation curves, or over space, as with meshes, PSD views animation as interpolation over the domain of the character's pose. PSD was an early use of machine learning and neural networks in computer graphics: the radial basis interpolation that is often used to implement PSD is equivalent to a neural network with a radial nonlinearity.[1]
Articles
[edit]- 2000 Pose space deformation: a unified approach to shape interpolation and skeleton-driven deformation[2]
- 2009 Practical Experiences with Pose Space Deformation[3]
- 2013 Simplicial interpolation for animating the Hulk[4]
- 2014 Skinning: Real-time Shape Deformation Part III: Example-based Shape Deformation[5]
External links
[edit]- A posedeformer plugin for Maya
- Procedural Muscle and Skin Simulation
- Animatrix Pose Space Deformations
- Commercial Lipservice plugin
References
[edit]- ^ Bishop, Christopher M. (1995). Neural networks for pattern recognition. Oxford: Clarendon Press. ISBN 0-19-853849-9. OCLC 33101074.
- ^ Lewis, J. P.; Cordner, Matt; Fong, Nickson (1 July 2000). Pose space deformation: a unified approach to shape interpolation and skeleton-driven deformation. ACM Press/Addison-Wesley Publishing Co. pp. 165–172. doi:10.1145/344779.344862. ISBN 978-1-58113-208-3. S2CID 12672235.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - ^ Lee, Gene; Hanner, F. (2009), "Practical Experiences with Pose Space Deformation" (PDF), ACM SIGGRAPH
- ^ Cohen Bengio, Julien; Goldenthal, Rony (2013). "Simplicial interpolation for animating the Hulk". ACM SIGGRAPH 2013 Talks. SIGGRAPH '13. Anaheim, California: Association for Computing Machinery. p. 1. doi:10.1145/2504459.2504468. ISBN 9781450323444. Retrieved October 21, 2024.
- ^ Jacobson, Alec (August 2014). "Part III: Example-based Shape Deformation" (PDF). Skinning: Real-time Shape Deformation ACM SIGGRAPH 2014 Course. Retrieved 27 December 2021.
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