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Demographics of Slough

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Demographics of Slough
Population pyramid of Slough
Population149,400 (2016 estimate)
Population density in the 2011 census in Slough.

This article is intended to give an overview of the demography of Slough. In 2016, Slough had a population of 149,000 people.

Industry sectors of Slough over time

Population

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The modern town of Slough grew from the parish of Upton-cum-Chalvey, Buckinghamshire, England. The populations given below are for the successive institutional areas of the principal local government level that could be recognised as Slough, now in Berkshire.

Year Population Notes
1801 1,018[1] Parish of Upton-cum-Chalvey
1811 1,083[1]
1821 1,268[1]
1831 1,502[1]
1841 2,296[1]
1851 3,573[1]
1861 4,688[1]
1871 5,940[1]
1881 7,030[1]
1891 7,700[1]
1901 11,453[1] Slough Urban District from 1894; area enlarged in 1900[2]
1911 14,982[1]
1921 16,392[1]
1931 33,612[1] area enlarged in 1930/1931[2]
1939 50,620[1] estimate (1941 census not taken due to World War II):Municipal Borough from 1938
1951 66,471[1]
1961 80,781[1]
1971 87,075[1]
1981 96,512[3] Borough of Slough in Berkshire and area enlarged from 1974
1991 101,066[3]
2001 119,070[4] Area enlarged in 1995: Unitary Authority from 1998
2011 140,200[5] Up 16.3% on the 2001 census, and 6.9% higher than the previous mid-2010 population estimate
2016 149,400 ONS - based on 2012 population trends

Ethnicity

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Ethnic makeup of Slough by single year ages in 2021
Population pyramid of Slough by ethnicity in 2021

The following table shows the ethnic group of respondents in the 1991, 2001 and 2011 censuses in Slough. Slough is a majority-minority town, with no ethnic group or broad multi-ethnic group being the majority, having been this way since the late 2000s. The White British make up the largest group at 34.5% of the population, having declined from a majority status of 58.3% in 2001, this decline coincides with the overall decline of White residents in the town from nearly two thirds in 1991 (72.3%) to less the majority (45.7%) in 2011. In conjunction, Asian British people have risen from nearly a quarter of the town's population in 1991 (23.9%) to nearly 40% in 2011, the largest of which is British Pakistanis who surpassed British Indians in 2011 as the largest Asian group. Black British residents have also increased, with the majority of growth coming from Black Africans who have increased from 0.4% in 1991 to 5.4% in 2011, of which surpassed the Black Caribbean group, who was 2.2% of the population, in 2011 as well.

Ethnic Group 1971 estimations[6] 1981 estimations[7] 1991 census[8][9] 2001 census[10] 2011 census[11] 2021 census[12]
Number % Number % Number % Number % Number % Number %
White: Total 78,367 90% 71,908 77.2% 73,749 72% 75,843 63.70% 64,053 45.69% 57,134 35.9%
White: British – – – – – – 69,441 58.32% 48,401 34.52% 38,101 24.0%
White: Irish – – – – 3,241 3.2% 2,489 2.09% 1,607 1.15% 1143 0.7%
White: Gypsy or Irish Traveller[note 1] – – – – – – – – 220 0.16% 237 0.1%
White: Roma – – – – – – – – – – 357 0.2%
White: Other – – – – – – 3,913 3.29% 13,825 9.86% 17,296 10.9%
Asian or Asian British: Total – – 17,186 18.4% 23,661 23.1% 33,621 28.24% 55,697 39.73% 74,093 46.9%
Asian or Asian British: Indian – – 9900 12941 16,719 14.04% 21,922 15.64% 30,209 19.1%
Asian or Asian British: Pakistani – – 6399 9428 14,360 12.06% 24,869 17.74% 34,317 21.7%
Asian or Asian British: Bangladeshi – – 39 101 171 0.14% 549 0.39% 910 0.6%
Asian or Asian British: Chinese[note 2] – – 205 266 349 0.29% 797 0.57% 594 0.4%
Asian or Asian British: Other Asian – – 643 925 2,022 1.70% 7,560 5.39% 8,063 5.1%
Black or Black British: Total – – 3,253 3,891 6,026 5.06% 12,115 8.64% 11,992 7.5%
Black or Black British: Caribbean – – 2361 2788 3,470 2.91% 3,096 2.21% 2,771 1.7%
Black or Black British: African – – 376 429 2,275 1.91% 7,548 5.38% 7,815 4.9%
Black or Black British: Other Black – – 516 674 281 0.24% 1,471 1.05% 1,406 0.9%
Mixed: Total – – – – – – 2,778 2.33% 4,758 3.39% 6,311 4%
Mixed: White and Black Caribbean – – – – – – 1,116 0.94% 1,667 1.19% 1,854 1.2%
Mixed: White and Black African – – – – – – 224 0.19% 607 0.43% 824 0.5%
Mixed: White and Asian – – – – – – 845 0.71% 1,429 1.02% 1,945 1.2%
Mixed: Other Mixed – – – – – – 593 0.50% 1,055 0.75% 1,688 1.1%
Other: Total – – 821 1,099 799 0.67% 3,582 2.55% 8,970 5.7%
Other: Arab[note 3] – – – – – – – – 928 0.66% 1,826 1.2%
Other: Any other ethnic group – – – – – – 799 0.67% 2,654 1.89% 7,144 4.5%
Ethnic minority 8,708 10% 21,260 22.8% 28,651 28% 43,224 36.3% 76,152 54.3% 101,366 64.1%
Total 87,075 100% 93,168 100% 102,400 100% 119,067 100% 140,205 100% 158,500 100%

Notes for table above

  1. ^ New category created for the 2011 census
  2. ^ In 2001, listed under the 'Chinese or other ethnic group' heading.
  3. ^ New category created for the 2011 census
Distribution of ethnic groups in Slough according to the 2011 census.
  • White
    White
  • White-British
    White-British
  • White-Irish
    White-Irish
  • White-Other
    White-Other
  • Asian
    Asian
  • Asian-Indian
    Asian-Indian
  • Asian-Pakistani
    Asian-Pakistani
  • Asian-Bangladeshi
    Asian-Bangladeshi
  • Asian-Chinese
    Asian-Chinese
  • Black
    Black
  • Black-African
    Black-African
  • Black-Caribbean
    Black-Caribbean
  • Other-Arab
    Other-Arab

Ethnicity of school pupils

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Since statistics on the ethnicity of school pupils have been collected, White students, the majority being the native White British, have been in the minority. As such Slough schools were in a majority-minority state in-till 2018 when Asian British pupils became the majority, of which had surpassed White students in the mid-2000s. In the Asian British multi-ethnic group, British Pakistanis are the largest at 25.8% and are the largest group of all groups in the town. Black British school pupils increased in proportional size between 2004 and 2012 peaking at 9.1%, but have declined since then to 7.2% in 2022. Mixed school pupils have also been in proportional increase and now make up a little over 1 in 10 in schools (11.3%) from 5.9% in 2004.

Ethnic group School year[13][14]
2004 2008 2012 2015/16 2019/20 2021/2022
Number % Number % Number % Number % Number % Number %
White: Total 7,670 44.3% 7,110 37.9% 6,820 32.4% 7,218 29.5% 8,422 25.8% 7,860 23.3%
White: British 6,940 40% 5,154 27.5% 4,581 21.8% 4,308 17.3% 4,453 13.6% 4,084 12.1%
White: Irish 200 158 148 114 0.5% 110 0.3% 81 0.2%
White: Traveller of Irish heritage 10 25 29 34 0.0% 25 0.1% 22 0.1%
White: Gypsy/Roma 70 54 110 158 0.6% 244 0.7% 240 0.7%
White: Other 470 1,719 1,951 2,762 11.1% 3,610 11.1% 3,433 10.2%
Asian / Asian British: Total 7,040 40.6% 8,360 44.6% 9,785 46.5% 12,108 48.6% 16,769 51.4% 17,725 52.4%
Asian / Asian British: Indian 2,830 16.3% 3,287 17.5% 3,758 20.0% 4,486 18.0% 6,565 20.1% 7,262 21.5%
Asian / Asian British: Pakistani 3,620 20.9% 4,164 22.2% 4,923 23.4% 6,191 24.8% 8,420 25.8% 8,687 25.8%
Asian / Asian British: Bangladeshi 60 92 116 149 0.6% 261 0.8% 256 0.8%
Asian / Asian British: Chinese 60 63 60 46 0.2% 49 0.2% 97 0.1%
Asian / Asian British: Other Asians 470 754 926 1,236 5.0% 1,474 4.5% 1,423 4.2%
Black / Black British: Total 1,100 6.4% 1,580 8.4% 1,925 9.1% 2,150 8.5% 2,454 7.5% 2,417 7.2%
Black: Caribbean 340 362 357 332 1.3% 343 1.1% 339 1.0%
Black: African 660 3.8% 1,133 6.0% 1,454 6.9% 1,658 6.6% 1,899 5.8% 1,847 5.5%
Black: Other Blacks 110 91 116 160 0.6% 212 0.6% 231 0.7%
Mixed / British Mixed 1,030 5.9% 1,190 6.3% 1,690 8% 2,125 8.5% 3,188 9.8% 3,817 11.3%
Other: Total 290 1.7% 391 2.1% 655 3.1% 911 3.7% 1,261 3.9% 1,349 4.0%
Unclassified 190 1.1% 37 - 173 0.8% 270 1.1% 551 1.7% 590 1.7%
Total: 17,320 100% 18,750 100% 21,050 100% 24,941 100% 32,665 100% 33,720 100%

Country of birth

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Top Countries of Birth - 2011 and 2021[15][16]
Country of birth 2011 number 2021 number
 England 83,230 87,350
 India 11,544 17,107
 Pakistan 11,244 14,418
 Poland 8,341 8,912
 Romania 467 3,551
 Kenya 2,183 1,940
 Sri Lanka 1,219 1,385
 Somalia 1,247 1,336
 Italy 621 1,125
 Philippines 828 1,064
  • Population pyramids of country of birth groups in Slough
  • UK born
    UK born
  • Foreign born: Total
    Foreign born: Total
UK born and foreign born in Slough in 2021. Males and females representing the UK born population while foreign males and females representing the foreign born population.

Languages

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Top 10 main languages spoken in Slough according to 2011 census and 2021 census are shown below.[17]

Rank Language 2011 2021
Usual residents aged 3+ Usual residents aged 3+
1 English 96,508 110,212
2 Punjabi 8,247 9,527
3 Polish 8,249 7,724
4 Urdu 6,568 6,497
5 Romanian 401 3,275
6 Tamil 860 1,224
7 Hindi 825 1,148
8 Telugu 275 1,066
9 Arabic 703 983
10 Somali 938 772

Religion

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Religious makeup of Slough by single year age groups in 2021

The following table shows the religion of respondents in the 2001, 2011 and 2021 censuses[18] in Slough. With Slough having one of the highest British Asian communities in Britain, the British Muslim, British Hindus and Sikh communities are all overrepresented compared to the national average.

Religion 2001[19] 2011[20] 2021[21]
Number % Number % Number %
Christian 63,993 53.75% 57,726 41.17% 50,664 31.96%
Buddhist 294 0.25% 743 0.53% 776 0.5%
Hindu 5,340 4.48% 8,643 6.16% 12,343 7.79%
Jewish 139 0.12% 87 0.06% 85 0.1%
Muslim 15,897 13.35% 32,655 23.29% 46,661 29.44%
Sikh 10,820 9.09% 14,889 10.62% 17,985 11.35%
Any Other religion 358 0.30% 482 0.34% 716 0.5%
No religion 13,061 10.97% 17,024 12.14% 20,726 13.08%
Religion not stated 9,165 7.70% 7,956 5.67% 8,544 5.39%
Total 119,067 100.00% 140,205 100.00% 158,500 100.00%
Distribution of religions in Slough according to the 2011 census.
  • Christianity
    Christianity
  • Islam
    Islam
  • Judaism
    Judaism
  • Hinduism
    Hinduism
  • Sikhism
    Sikhism
  • Buddhism
    Buddhism
  • Other religion
    Other religion
  • No religion
    No religion

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r p 153, The History of Slough, Maxwell Fraser, Slough Corporation, 1973
  2. ^ a b p 151, The History of Slough, Maxwell Fraser, Slough Corporation, 1973
  3. ^ a b Office for National Statistics, downloaded 31 December 2006[permanent dead link‍]
  4. ^ A Vision of Britain (Accessed 31 December 2006)
  5. ^ (Accessed 29 November 2013)
  6. ^ Masom, Grant (2020), Masom, Grant (ed.), "Where We Live Now: A Twentieth-Century Industrial Town", Local Churches in New Urban Britain, 1890-1975: “The Greatest Challenge”?, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 37–71, doi:10.1007/978-3-030-48095-0_2, ISBN 978-3-030-48095-0, S2CID 226649228, retrieved 10 January 2023
  7. ^ Ethnicity in the 1991 census: Vol 3 - Social geography and ethnicity in Britain, geographical spread, spatial concentration and internal migration. Internet Archive. London : HMSO. 1996. ISBN 978-0-11-691655-6.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  8. ^ Ethnicity in the 1991 census: Vol 3 - Social geography and ethnicity in Britain, geographical spread, spatial concentration and internal migration. Internet Archive. London : HMSO. 1996. ISBN 978-0-11-691655-6.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  9. ^ Data is taken from United Kingdom Casweb Data services of the United Kingdom 1991 Census on Ethnic Data for England, Scotland and Wales Archived 5 April 2022 at the Wayback Machine (Table 6)
  10. ^ "Office of National Statistics; 2001 Census Key Statistics". webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk. Retrieved 7 September 2021.
  11. ^ "2011 Census: Ethnic Group, local authorities in England and Wales". webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
  12. ^ "Ethnic group - Office for National Statistics". www.ons.gov.uk. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
  13. ^ "School and pupil characteristics". webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk. Retrieved 8 November 2022.
  14. ^ "Schools, pupils and their characteristics, Academic Year 2021/22". explore-education-statistics.service.gov.uk. Retrieved 9 September 2022.
  15. ^ "Data Viewer - Nomis - Official Census and Labour Market Statistics".
  16. ^ "Custom dataset - Office for National Statistics".
  17. ^ "Download:local authorities: county / unitary". NOMIS. Retrieved 17 June 2015.
  18. ^ "Religion, England and Wales - Office for National Statistics". www.ons.gov.uk. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
  19. ^ "2001 census - theme tables". Retrieved 17 June 2015.
  20. ^ "Download:local authorities: county / unitary". NOMIS. Retrieved 17 June 2015.
  21. ^ "Home - Office for National Statistics". www.ons.gov.uk. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
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