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Pays de la Loire

Coordinates: 47°25′03″N 00°51′18″W / 47.41750°N 0.85500°W / 47.41750; -0.85500
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Pays de la Loire
Paeiz de la Leirr (Gallo)
Paes de la Loere (Poitevin–Saintongeais)
Broioù al Liger (Breton)
Region
Château de Montsoreau
Château de Montsoreau
Coat of arms of Pays de la Loire
Coat of arms
Official logo of Pays de la Loire
Brandmark
Coordinates: 47°25′03″N 00°51′18″W / 47.41750°N 0.85500°W / 47.41750; -0.85500
Country France
PrefectureNantes
Departments
5
Government
 • President of the Regional CouncilChristelle Morançais (DVD)
Area
 • Total32,082 km2 (12,387 sq mi)
 • Rank8th
Population
 (2021)[1]
 • Total3,853,999
 • Density120/km2 (310/sq mi)
GDP
[2]
 • Total€127.189 billion
 • Per capita€33,700
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
ISO 3166 codeFR-PDL
NUTS RegionFR5
Websitewww.paysdelaloire.fr

Pays de la Loire (French pronunciation: [pe.i d(ə) la lwaʁ]; lit. 'Lands of the Loire') is one of the eighteen regions of France, located on the country's Atlantic coast. It was created in the 1950s to serve as a zone of influence for its capital and most populated city, Nantes, one of a handful of French "balancing metropolises" (métropoles d'équilibre).[a] In 2020, Pays de la Loire had a population of 3,832,120.

Geography

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The region Pays de la Loire and its departments on the background of historical provinces
A vine in Brem, Pays de la Loire

Pays de la Loire is in western France, bordered by Brittany on the northwest, Normandy on the north, Centre-Val de Loire on the east, Nouvelle-Aquitaine on the south, and the Bay of Biscay of the North Atlantic Ocean on the southwest.

Departments and former province

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Pays de la Loire comprises five departments: Loire-Atlantique, Maine-et-Loire, Mayenne, Sarthe, Vendée.

Pays de la Loire is made up of the following historical provinces:

  • Part of Brittany, with its old capital Nantes contained within the Loire-Atlantique department. This is up to 20% of historical Brittany. The other 80% makes up the currently neighbouring region of Brittany
  • Anjou: is largely absorbed into the Maine-et-Loire department; the rest in the immediately adjoining departments (the whole of the historical province Anjou is contained inside Pays de la Loire).
  • Maine: is now divided between the Mayenne and Sarthe departments; the whole of the former province of Maine is contained inside Pays de la Loire.
  • Part of Poitou: is contained within the Vendée department; most of the old province of Poitou is inside the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region to the south.
  • Part of Perche: is within the northeast of Sarthe department; the rest of Perche is inside the Normandy and Centre-Val de Loire regions.
  • Small part of Touraine: southeast of Maine-et-Loire department; the rest, most of the former province of Touraine is inside the Centre region.

Thus the name of the region, chosen by the French central government, was not based on history, but a postwar creation of purely geographical reference: Pays ("lands") de la Loire ("of the Loire").

The Loire Valley, which is a UNESCO listed World Heritage Site since 2000, is located both in the administrative regions of Pays de la Loire and Centre-Val de Loire.[3][4] The majority of the châteaux of the Loire Valley such as Montsoreau, Angers, Saumur or Brézé in Pays de la Loire are located in the Maine-et-Loire department,[5] Pays de la Loire has numerous prominent monuments, such as the castles of Laval, and the Nantes Château des Ducs de Bretagne, the Royal Fontevraud Abbey (the widest monastic ensemble in Europe), and the old city of Le Mans. It also has many natural parks such as the Brière and the Marsh of Poitou.

Demography

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Evolution of the population listed by departments:

Year Population of the departments
Loire-Atlantique department Maine-et-Loire department Mayenne department Sarthe department Vendée department Total Pays de la Loire
1801 369,305 375,544 305,654 388,143 243,426 1,682,072
1851 535,664 516,197 374,566 473,071 383,734 2,283,232
1901 664,971 515,431 313,103 422,699 441,311 2,357,515
1921 649,691 475,485 397,292 2,174,150
1936 659,428 478,404 251,348 388,519 389,211 2,166,910
1946 665,064 393,787 2,224,163
1954 733,575 395,641 2,320,177
1962 803,372 535,122 250,030 443,019 408,928 2,440,471
1968 861,452 585,563 252,762 461,839 421,250 2,582,866
1975 934,499 629,849 261,789 490,385 450,641 2,767,163
1982 995,498 675,321 271,784 504,768 483,027 2,930,398
1990 1,050,539 704,668 277,748 513,280 508,962 3,055,197
2005 1,208,761 754,997 297,854 551,971 587,162 3,400,745

A steep increase in the population was seen particularly as people migrated from all over France to the Loire region due to the rise of Nantes to prominence.

Economy

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The gross domestic product (GDP) of the region was €119.1 billion in 2018, accounting for 5.1% of French economic output. GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power was €28,200 or 94% of the EU27 average in the same year. The GDP per employee was 102% of the EU average.[6]

Major communities

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Half-timbered houses in Angers

The biggest city in Pays de la Loire is Nantes, which is the sixth most populated city in France with over 319,000 people (city proper) and a metropolitan population of almost 1,000,000.

Angers is another metropolis of the region. It has a metropolitan population of about 400,000 and is the third biggest job provider in north-western France, just behind Nantes and Rennes. Saint-Nazaire is a major harbour town downstream from Nantes on the mouth of the Loire river.

Le Mans is another city in Pays de la Loire. Situated in north-east Pays de la Loire, Le Mans area is home to over 300,000 (metropolitan population).

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ In the 1960s under the presidency of Charles de Gaulle, eight large regional cities of France (Lille, Nancy, Strasbourg, Lyon, Nantes, Bordeaux, Marseille, Toulouse) were made "balancing metropolises", receiving special financial and technical help from the national government in order to counterbalance the excessive weight of Paris inside France.

References

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  1. ^ "Téléchargement du fichier d'ensemble des populations légales en 2021" (in French). The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 28 December 2023.
  2. ^ "EU regions by GDP, Eurostat". Retrieved 18 September 2023.
  3. ^ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "The Loire Valley between Sully-sur-Loire and Chalonnes". whc.unesco.org. Retrieved 12 February 2018.
  4. ^ Tockner, Klement; Uehlinger, Urs; Robinson, Christopher T. (2009). Rivers of Europe. Academic Press. p. 183. ISBN 978-0-12-369449-2. Retrieved 11 April 2011.
  5. ^ "Loire Valley Chateaux |Castles| visit from our extensive list". www.experienceloire.com. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
  6. ^ "Regional GDP per capita ranged from 30% to 263% of the EU average in 2018". Eurostat.
  7. ^ "Largest Art & Language Collection Finds Home - artnet News". artnet News. 23 June 2015. Retrieved 12 February 2018.
  8. ^ "MACBA banks on History". Artinamericamagazine.com. 2011.
  9. ^ "Art & Language Uncompleted". macba.cat. 2014.
  10. ^ "Chateau de Montsoreau - FIAC". www.fiac.com. 23 September 2017. Archived from the original on 27 March 2019. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
  11. ^ "Practical Information". Château de Montsoreau-Museum of Contemporary Art. Archived from the original on 21 March 2019. Retrieved 15 September 2018.
  12. ^ "Snapshots of the Loire The Montsoreau flea market". TVMONDE. Retrieved 17 September 2018.
  13. ^ "Discover the World's 500 Best Flea Markets". Fleamapket. Retrieved 17 September 2018.
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