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Southern Xinjiang railway

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Southern Xinjiang railway
南疆铁路
The Southern Xinjiang railway through the Tian Shan range in Hejing County
Overview
StatusOperational
Locale People's Republic of China
Termini
Service
TypeHeavy rail
SystemChina Railway China Railway
Operator(s)China Railway Ürümqi Group
History
Opened1984 (TurpanKorla)
1999 (KorlaKashgar)
Technical
Line length1,930 km (1,200 mi)
Number of tracks2 (TurpanAksu; Double-track railway)
1 (AksuKashgar; Single-track railway)
Track gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8+12 in) standard gauge
Minimum radius800 m (2,625 ft)
Electrification25 kV AC, 50 Hz (TurpanKorla)
Operating speed160km/h
Highest elevation2.2%
Map of the Southern Xinjiang (Nanjiang) railway from Turpan to Kashgar

The Southern Xinjiang railway or Nanjiang railway (simplified Chinese: 南疆铁路; traditional Chinese: 南疆鐵路; pinyin: Nánjiāng tiělù), is a railway between Turpan and Kashgar in Xinjiang, China. The railway is 1,446 km (899 mi) in length and runs along the southern slope of the Tian Shan mountain range, connecting all major cities and towns of the Northern Tarim Basin, including Turpan, Hejing, Yanqi, Korla, Luntai (Bügür), Kuqa, Toksu (Xinhe), Aksu, Maralbexi (Bachu), Artux, and Kashgar.[1][2]

The line joins the Lanzhou–Xinjiang railway at Turpan (connecting to Ürümqi) and the Kashgar–Hotan railway in Kashgar. It also forms the Taklimakan Desert railway loop, together with sections of the Hotan–Ruoqiang railway, Kashgar–Hotan railway, and Golmud–Korla railway.[3]

History

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The Southern Xinjiang railway was built from east to west. The Turpan-Korla section in the east (457 km) was built from 1974 to 1984.[2] The western section from Korla to Kashgar (988 km (614 mi)) was built from 1996 to 1999.[2] From Yanqi to Kashgar, the line follows National Highway 314. The Kashgar–Hotan railway, originally referred to as Phase III of the Southern Xinjiang railway, opened in 2010. From 2008 to 2013, the Korla to Aksu section, 526.9 km (327 mi) in length, was double-tracked.[4]

In December 2014, a second double-track electrified line between Turpan and Korla opened to commercial operation.[5] This new line, called the second Turpan–Korla railway, is 334 km (208 mi) in length.[5] The line makes use of extensive tunneling to shorten the distance between the two cities by 123 km (76 mi).[5] The maximum elevation along route is lowered from 2,980 m (9,777 ft) to 1,490 m (4,888 ft), and the steepest incline is reduced from 22.7‰ to 13‰.[5] The longest tunnel along route, the Middle Tianshan Tunnel, is 22.467 km (14.0 mi) in length and one of the longest railway tunnels in China.[5]

On 1 January 2021, a branch from south of Kalpin to Tumxuk was opened to passenger service. It is 31 kilometres (19 mi) long and has a design speed of 100 kilometres per hour (62 mph).[6]

Station list

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Station Chinese Distance (km) Location
Turpan
Lanzhou–Xinjiang railway
吐鲁番 0 Gaochang Turpan
Longpan 龙盘
Tiequan 铁泉
Zhenzhuquan 珍珠泉
Hongshanqu 红山渠
Toksun 托克逊 Toksun County
Wangbu 望布
Burjiayi 布尔加依
Yurgou 鱼儿沟 Dabancheng Ürümqi
Zulumutai 祖鲁木台 Toksun County Turpan
Kargante 喀尔干特
Xiageze 夏格泽
Xingyuan 星源
Guoguang 国光 Hejing County Bayingolin Prefecture
Alagou 阿拉沟
Kulin'aman 库林阿曼
Dedaigou 德代沟
Dewentuo 德文托盖
Zhahesala 扎和萨拉
Wusite 乌斯特
Harge 哈尔格
Shengliqiao 胜利桥
Shangxinguang 上新光
Xiaxinguang 下新光
Haranggu 哈让古
Baluntai 巴伦台
Husitai 胡斯台
Daxigou 大西沟
Tianqiaonan 天桥南
Mogatu 莫嘎图
Hejing 和静 369
Bakeshu 八棵树
Xingfutan 幸福滩
Yanqi 焉耆 400 Yanqi County
Baorhai 包尔海
Ziniquan 紫泥泉
Tashidian 塔什店 Korla
Yunya 云崖
Korla 库尔勒 457
Kubei 库北
Kuxi 库西
Xiaota 肖塔
Kuluke 库鲁克 Luntai County
Yeyungou 野云沟
Cedaya 策达雅
Yangxia 阳霞
Talake 塔拉克
Luntai 轮台
Erbatai 二八台 Kuqa County Aksu Prefecture
Yakela 雅克拉
Yaha 牙哈
Kuqa 库车 740
Kuqa West
Kuqa–Ehuobulake Railway
库车西
Xinhe 新和 779 Xinhe County
Yisekesu 伊斯克苏
Terxike 特尔希克
Yangtake Kuduke 羊塔克库都克
Xianshuigou 咸水沟 Wensu County
Kalayurgun 喀拉玉尔滚
Paman 帕满
Aksu 阿克苏 983 Aksu
Sanjiaodi 三角地
Jinyinchuan 金银川
Kalpin 柯坪 Kalpin County
Yijianfeng 一间房 Bachu County Kashi Prefecture
Bachu 巴楚 1,200
Wudaoban 五道班
Xiger 西格尔 Artux Kizilsu Prefecture
Bapanmo 八盘磨
Artux 阿图什 1,410
Kashi
Kashgar–Hotan railway
喀什 1,445 Kashi Kashi Prefecture

Rail connections

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ (Chinese) "12月6日:南疆铁路全线开通运营" Accessed 2011-01-21
  2. ^ a b c (Chinese) "南疆铁路" Accessed 2011-01-21
  3. ^ Zhang, Kate (17 June 2022). "New railway completes 2,700km loop of Taklamakan Desert in move to integrate Xinjiang with rest of China". South China Morning Post.
  4. ^ (Chinese) 南疆铁路库阿二线开通运营 全长526.9公里 2013-12-05
  5. ^ a b c d e (Chinese) 袁蕾, 吐库二线正式开通运营 南疆铁路进入电气化时代 新疆日报 2014-12-29
  6. ^ "图木舒克铁路开通运营". new.chinaxinjiang.cn. Retrieved 2021-01-04.