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M94 Group

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M94 Group
Observation data (Epoch J2000)
Constellation(s)Canes Venatici & Coma Berenices
Right ascension[1][2]
Declination[1][2]
Brightest memberM94,[2] M106,[1]
Number of galaxies16–24[1][2][3]
Other designations
NGC 4736 Group,[4] Canes Venatici I Group,[4]
Canes Venatici Cloud,[4]
LGG 291,[1] NOGG H 617,[2]
NOGG P1 636,[2] NOGG P2 647[2]

The M94 Group (Canes I Group or Canes Venatici I Group) is a loose, extended group of galaxies located about 13 million light-years away[5] in the constellations Canes Venatici and Coma Berenices. The group is one of many groups that lies within the Virgo Supercluster (i.e. the Local Supercluster)[6] and one of the closest groups to the Local Group.

Although the galaxies in this cluster appear to be from a single large cloud-like structure, many of the galaxies within the group are only weakly gravitationally bound, and some have not yet formed stable orbits around the center of this group. Instead, most of the galaxies in this group appear to be moving with the expansion of the universe.[5][7]

Members

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The table below lists galaxies that have been consistently identified as group members in the Nearby Galaxies Catalog,[3] the Lyons Groups of Galaxies (LGG) Catalog,[1] and the three group lists created from the Nearby Optical Galaxy sample of Giuricin et al.[2]

Members of the M94 Group
Name Type[8] R.A. (J2000)[8] Dec. (J2000)[8] Redshift (km/s)[8] Apparent Magnitude[8]
IC 3687 IAB(s)m 12h 42m 15.1s +38° 30′ 12″ 354 ± 1 13.7
IC 4182 SA(s)m 13h 05m 49.5s +37° 36′ 18″ 321 ± 1 13.0
M94 (R)SA(r)ab 12h 50m 53.0s +41° 07′ 14″ 308 ± 1 9.0
NGC 4144 SAB(s)cd 12h 09m 58.6s +46° 27′ 26″ 265 ± 1 12.1
NGC 4190 Im pec 12h 13m 44.8s +36° 38′ 03″ 228 ± 1 13.4
NGC 4214 IAB(s)m 12h 15m 39.2s +36° 19′ 37″ 291 ± 3 10.2
NGC 4244 SA(s)cd 12h 17m 29.6s +37° 48′ 26″ 244 10.9
NGC 4395 SA(s)m 12h 25m 48.9s +33° 32′ 48″ 319 ± 1 10.6
NGC 4449 IBm 12h 28m 11.9s +44° 05′ 40″ 207 ± 4 10.0
UGC 6817 Im 11h 50m 53.0s +38° 52′ 49″ 242 ± 1 13.4
UGC 7559 IBm 12h 27m 05.2s +37° 08′ 33″ 218 ± 5 14.2
UGC 7577 Im 12h 27m 40.9s +43° 29′ 44″ 195 12.8
UGC 7698 Im 12h 32m 54.4s +31° 32′ 28″ 331 ± 1 13.0
UGC 8320 IBm 13h 14m 27.9s +45° 55′ 09″ 192 ± 1 12.7

Additionally, NGC 4105 and DDO 169 are frequently but not consistently identified as members of this group in the references cited above.

The brightest member in this galaxy group is questionable and partly depends on the analysis used to determine group members. The LGG Catalog identifies M106 as part of this group, which would make it the brightest galaxy within the group.[1] However, the other catalogs cited above do not identify M106 as a group member, in which case M94 would be the brightest galaxy within the group.[2][3]

Canes Venatici Cloud

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This galaxy group is sometimes erroneously called the Canes Venatici Cloud, a larger structure of which it is a member. A galaxy cloud is a supercluster substructure. The CVn Cloud used in this manner is identified by Tully and de Vaucoleurs.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g A. Garcia (1993). "General study of group membership. II – Determination of nearby groups". Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement. 100: 47–90. Bibcode:1993A&AS..100...47G.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i G. Giuricin; C. Marinoni; L. Ceriani; A. Pisani (2000). "Nearby Optical Galaxies: Selection of the Sample and Identification of Groups". Astrophysical Journal. 543 (1): 178–194. arXiv:astro-ph/0001140. Bibcode:2000ApJ...543..178G. doi:10.1086/317070. S2CID 9618325.
  3. ^ a b c R. B. Tully (1988). Nearby Galaxies Catalog. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-35299-1.
  4. ^ a b c "NAME CVn I Group". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2006-10-30.
  5. ^ a b I. D. Karachentsev (2005). "The Local Group and Other Neighboring Galaxy Groups". Astronomical Journal. 129 (1): 178–188. arXiv:astro-ph/0410065. Bibcode:2005AJ....129..178K. doi:10.1086/426368. S2CID 119385141.
  6. ^ R. B. Tully (1982). "The Local Supercluster". Astrophysical Journal. 257: 389–422. Bibcode:1982ApJ...257..389T. doi:10.1086/159999.
  7. ^ I. D. Karachentsev; M. E. Sharina; A. E. Dolphin; E. K. Grebel; D. Geisler; P. Guhathakurta; P. W. Hodge; V. E. Karachentseva; A. Sarajedini; P. Seitzer (2003). "Galaxy flow in the Canes Venatici I cloud". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 398 (2): 467–477. arXiv:astro-ph/0210414. Bibcode:2003A&A...398..467K. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20021598. S2CID 6310283.
  8. ^ a b c d e "NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database". Results for various galaxies. Retrieved 2006-11-06.
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