Myrnohrad
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Myrnohrad
Мирноград | |
|---|---|
 Stakhanov Coal Mine in Myrnohrad | |
 Flag  Seal | |
  Myrnohrad .svg) Myrnohrad | |
| Coordinates: 48°17′28″N 37°16′05″E / 48.29111°N 37.26806°E | |
| Country |  Ukraine |
| Oblast | Donetsk Oblast |
| Raion | Pokrovsk Raion |
| Hromada | Myrnohrad urban hromada |
| Founded | 1911 |
| City status | 1965 |
| Area | |
| • Total | 23 km2 (9 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 183 m (600 ft) |
| Population (2022) | |
| • Total | 46,098 |
| Website | https://myrnograd-rada.gov.ua/ |
 | |
Myrnohrad (Ukrainian: Мирноград, pronounced [mɪrnoˈɦrɑd] ; Russian: Мирноград, romanized: Mirnograd), formerly Dymytrov until 2016,[a] is a city in Donetsk Oblast, eastern Ukraine. It was a city of regional significance before the status was abolished in 2020. Population: 46,098 (2022 estimate).[1] 1,658 (2024 estimate).[2]
The city was previously named after Georgi Dimitrov, a prominent Bulgarian and Soviet communist politician, but was renamed in 2016 as a result of decommunization laws.[3]
History
[edit]The historical predecessors of the city of Myrnohrad were two mining settlements formed near coal mines - Novoekonomichne (1911) and Hrodivka (1916). These two settlements were built in the early twentieth century on land leased from the rural communities of Novoekonomichne and Hrodivka villages. In 1934, mine No. 5-6 (Hrodivka mine) was named after Georgi Dimitrov.[4]
From October 1941 to September 1942, the city was under the occupation of Nazi Germany during World War II.[4]
In 1966, probably as a result of prolonged heavy rains, a part of the mine 5/6 mine terricone in Myrnohrad collapsed, completely demolishing buildings on Sadova, Zhdanov, and Rozynska streets. Everyone who was in the buildings and nearby was killed. The authorities then hid the tragedy from the public.[5]
In 1972, the mining villages of Novoekonomichne and Dymytriv were united under the common name of Dymytriv. This mining town was named after the Bulgarian politician, the first communist ruler of Bulgaria, Georgi Dimitrov,[6] in honor of his friendship with the Bulgarian people, whose representatives worked in the mines in the 1960s. In August 1990, Dimitrov was granted the status of a city of regional significance.[citation needed]
Unlike in most of the larger cities in Donetsk Oblast, an unrecognized independence referendum in May 2014 was not held in the city.[7]
On 17 January 2015, the city dismantled the monument to Lenin.
On 21 March 2016, in accordance with the law on decommunization, Dimitrov's deputies chose a new name and voted to rename the city Myrnohrad.[8]
On 12 May 2016, the Verkhovna Rada renamed the city of Dymytriv to Myrnohrad. The relevant bill No. 4468 was voted for by 265 MPs. The renaming came into force on 22 May 2016.[9] On 20 May, a monument of Georgi Dimitrov was demolished in the city.[10]
On 27 February 2023, during Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine, Russians launched a missile attack on the city, damaging a kindergarten.[11]
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Since the onset of Russia's offensive to reach Pokrovsk in July 2024, their forces have advanced increasingly closer to Myrnohrad; on 13 August, a Ukrainian soldier said that Russian forces in the area were tasked with the city's capture,[12] and on 16 August, Ukrainian officials reported that Russia was six kilometers from the city. The recent advances led the population to be ordered to evacuate, with an estimated 20,000 people remaining in the city on 16 August, and a complete evacuation expected by the end of August 2024.[13] On 19 August, Head of the Myrnohrad Military Administration Yuriy Tretyak warned that only one to three days are left to evacuate the city in face of advancing Russian troops, and that Myrnohrad was shelled for several days already.[14]
On 29 August, Russian forces reportedly entered the southern outskirts of Myrnohrad, although whether these were only reconnaissance groups or if actual soldiers were in the city was disputed.[15]
Demographics
[edit]As of the 2001 Ukrainian census:[16]
- Ethnicity
- Ukrainians: 64.2%
- Russians: 31.3%
- Tatars: 0.7%
- Belarusians: 0.6%
- Armenians: 0.2%
- Language
- Russian: 71.8%
- Ukrainian: 26.0%
- Armenian: 0.1%
- Belarusian: 0.1%
Economy
[edit]The main city employer is a mining company "Myrnohradvuhillya" (formerly Krasnoarmiyskvuhillya, after the city's central train station) along with refining factory "Komsomolska".
- Myrnohradvuhillya
- Kapitalna coal mine (formerly Stakhanov coal mine)
- Tsentralna coal mine
- Dymytrova coal mine
- Rodynska coal mine[4]
Notes
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Чисельність наявного населення України на 1 січня 2022 [Number of Present Population of Ukraine, as of January 1, 2022] (PDF) (in Ukrainian and English). Kyiv: State Statistics Service of Ukraine. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 July 2022.
- ^ ddk (2024-09-20). "Стало відомо, скільки людей залишається у Мирноградській громаді". DDK.DN.UA (in Russian). Retrieved 2024-09-23.
- ^ "Rada renames some towns and districts as part of de-communization". Interfax Ukraine. 12 May 2016. Retrieved 23 May 2016.
- ^ a b c Anisimov, Y.G. (2007). Димитров [Dimitrov]. Encyclopedia of Modern Ukraine (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 10 August 2024.
- ^ Сорок років тому в Мирнограді вибухнув терикон 1 (відео) Archived 2016-03-28 at the Wayback Machine, 2 Archived 2013-11-11 at the Wayback Machine. UnionTB. 02.11.2010 (in Russian)
- ^ "Myrnohrad". Visuotinė lietuvių enciklopedija (in Lithuanian).
- ^ (in Ukrainian) Impunity, who covers mayors separatists, Ukrayinska Pravda (4 October 2016)
- ^ "Димитров изменит название, а в Красноармейске переименуют 7 улиц" [Dimitrov will change its name, and in Krasnoarmeysk will be renamed 7 streets]. novosti.dn.ua (in Russian). 21 March 2016.
- ^ "Офіційний портал Верховної Ради України".
- ^ "В Димитрове демонтировали памятник болгарскому коммунисту ФОТО" [In Dimitrov dismantled a monument to the Bulgarian Communist - Photo]. novosti.dn.ua (in Russian). 20 May 2016.
- ^ "Російські війська вдарили ракетою по Мирнограду на Донбасі". РБК-Украина (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 2023-02-28.
- ^ Zakharchenko, Kateryna (13 August 2024). "All Eyes on Kursk, But Donetsk in Trouble – Special Forces Source Says". Kyiv Post.
- ^ Martin Fornusek. "Myrnohrad residents evacuating as Russian forces reach 6 km from the town". The Kyiv Independent. Retrieved 2024-08-16.
- ^ "Days left to evacuate Myrnohrad, official warns". english.nv.ua. Retrieved 2024-08-20.
- ^ "Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, August 29, 2024". Institute for the Study of War. 29 August 2024.
- ^ "Офіційна сторінка Всеукраїнського перепису населення". Ukrcensus.gov.ua. Retrieved 2022-03-16.
