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Jewish Voice for Peace
AbbreviationJVP
FoundedSeptember 1996 (28 years ago) (1996-09)
Founded atUC Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States
TypeAdvocacy organization
90-0018359
Legal status501(c)(3) organization
Focus
Location
  • United States
Executive director
Stefanie Fox[1]
Chairperson
Jethro Eisenstein
Revenue (2021)
$3.9 million[2]
Expenses (2021)$2.6 million[2]
Websitejewishvoiceforpeace.org Edit this at Wikidata

Jewish Voice for Peace (JVP; Hebrew: קוֹל יְהוּדִי לַשָּׁלוֹם, romanized: Qōl Yəhūḏī la-Ššālōm) is an American Jewish anti-Zionist and left-wing advocacy organization. It is critical of Israel's occupation of the Palestinian territories, and supports the Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions (BDS) campaign against Israel.

The group was formed in 1996 and as of 2024 had grown to 23,000 members. Its chapters at Columbia and George Washington universities were suspended in 2024.[3][4]

History

JVP was formed in 1996 by Julie Iny, Rachel Eisner and Julia Caplan,[5] undergraduate students at UC Berkeley.[6][7]

In 2011, the group claimed to have 600 dues-paying members, which had risen to 9,000 by 2015[8] and more than 23,000 by 2024.[9]

Funding

Jewish Voice for Peace received significant donations from philanthropic organizations affiliated with George Soros, the Kaphan Foundation and Rockefeller Brothers Fund.[10][11] According to NBC News, the Rockefeller Brothers Fund awarded JVP "close to a half-million dollars" over a period of five years.[12]

Views

Many of JVP's members consider the views of dovish liberal Jewish groups like J Street to be inadequate.[8] Its views are characterised as left-wing,[13][14][15][16] sometimes as far-left,[16][17][18][9] and one of the more professionalized groups of the pro-Palestinian left-wing. According to its political director, identification as a Zionist and a progressive is impossible. In contrast with Palestinian-led organizations such as Within Our Lifetime, JVP seeks to work within the Democratic Party to shift the party's position to the left on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.[9] JVP has been described by Dov Waxman as further to the left than J Street or IfNotNow,[7]

JVP criticizes what it describes as the "severe human-rights violations that Israel engages in every day".[19]

Zionism

JVP endorsed the Palestinian right of return in 2015, but did not offer details about how Israel would remain a Jewish homeland.[8] In 2019, JVP declared itself anti-Zionist, arguing that contemporary Zionism had become a settler-colonial movement, and Israel had become an apartheid state. The organization views Zionism as an Ashkenazi-led movement with its roots in Europe, created a "racist hierarchy" that erased the history of Jewish communities in the Arab world, North Africa, and East Africa.[20][21][22]

It supports an independent state for the Palestinians.[16]

Boycott, Divestment, and Sanctions

On February 20, 2015, JVP endorsed the Boycott, Divestment, and Sanctions (BDS) movement after previously supporting selective divestment from companies operating in Israeli-occupied territories.[8][23] stating "JVP rejects the assertion that BDS is inherently anti-Semitic, and we encourage discussion both within our own community and outside of it of the growing BDS movement."[24] JVP justifies its support for the movement by arguing that BDS provides a vehicle allowing individuals all over the world in the Jewish diaspora to bring about real change by threatening in their consumer choices to lower the profits of any business that by their activities reinforces Israel's occupation of the Palestinian territories.[25] Gal Beckerman of The Forward wrote that it "is a group that has demonstrated a guerilla-like savvy in staging actions that get its message out to a broader national audience. In its use of BDS, for example, JVP has staked out a position distinct from those who target any and all entities related to Israel, which for many Jews implies a rejection of Israel's very legitimacy. JVP instead targets only entities involved in one way or another with Israel's occupation of the West Bank."[26] JVP's executive director Rebecca Vilkomerson stated: "We do feel connected to the global BDS movement. We consider ourselves a part of it."[27][28][29]

Israel–Hamas war

JVP attributed the 2023 Hamas attack on Israel to "Israeli apartheid and occupation — and United States complicity in that oppression." JVP said "Inevitably, oppressed people everywhere will seek — and gain — their freedom."[30] JVP called for the U.S. government to "immediately take steps to withdraw military funding to Israel and to hold the Israeli government accountable for its gross violations of human rights and war crimes against Palestinians."[31] Following the attack, the organization showed support on social media for "the latest unprecedented wave of resistance" by Palestinians. When questioned by The Forward, the organization removed its support for the post in question.[32] JVP used language urging lawmakers to examine the "root cause" of Hamas's attack, which they believe is Israel. The Forward wrote that this was a way for JVP "to acknowledge how objectionable most observers found the attacks on civilians while keeping their advocacy focused on pressuring the Israeli government to make concessions."[33]

Jewish Voice for Peace, along with IfNotNow, led an October 16, 2023, rally in Washington, D.C. which called for a ceasefire in the 2023 Israel–Hamas war and for United States President Joe Biden to support a ceasefire.[34] Among the speakers was actor Wallace Shawn.[34] On October 27, protestors organized by Jewish Voice for Peace occupied Grand Central Terminal in New York City, calling for a ceasefire and wearing t-shirts saying "Not in our name".[35] On November 6, about 500 members of Jewish Voice for Peace–New York City took part in a sit-in at the Statue of Liberty to demand a ceasefire.[36] Photographer Nan Goldin addressed the demonstration, saying, "As long as the people of Gaza are screaming, we need to yell louder, no matter who attempts to silence us."[36]

Since November 2023, JVP's chapter at Columbia University has been under suspension. The university stated that both the JVP chapter and Students for Justice in Palestine had breached university policies, engaging in "threatening rhetoric and intimidation", leading to the suspension of the clubs.[3]

In November 2023, the Anti-Defamation League classified anti-war protest events led by Jewish groups including Jewish Voice for Peace and IfNotNow as "anti-Israel", adding the protests to a database documenting rising antisemitism in the US. ADL CEO Jonathan Greenblatt labelled the Jewish organizations "hate groups" and equated anti-Zionism with antisemitism.[37] This led to criticism of ADL, including from its own staff, one of whom quit in protest, stating: "Those were Jewish people who we [as the ADL] were defaming, so that felt extremely, extremely confusing, and frustrating to me. And it makes it harder to talk about that when any criticism of Israel, or anyone who criticizes Israel, just becomes a terrorist."[38]

In August 2024, it was reported that George Washington University had suspended its JVP chapter along with other pro-Palestinian student groups. This suspension followed the projection of messages such as "Glory to our martyrs" and "Free Palestine from the river to the sea" on campus buildings by pro-Palestinian students in the fall of 2023. JVP had expressed support for the messages displayed during these protests.[39]

After the IDF had killed Hezbollah leader Hassan Nasrallah in Lebanon in September 2024, Instagram removed the JVP's posts for violating its guidelines by sharing posts in support of Nasrallah.[40]

Activities

An IDF Caterpillar D9L razing a house in the Gaza Strip

During 2004 and 2005, JVP protested Caterpillar Inc. for selling bulldozers to Israel, and said that Israel's use of the D9 armoured bulldozers in the West Bank and Gaza Strip was a violation of human rights and Caterpillar's business code of conduct. Along with four Christian groups, JVP introduced a shareholder resolution calling on Caterpillar to re-examine its sales of bulldozers to Israel. The resolution was rejected by 97 percent of the votes at the Caterpillar 2005 shareholders' meeting. JVP continued to introduce shareholder resolutions at Caterpillar shareholder meetings every year since 2005.[41] In 2010 the resolution received 20% of the vote.[42]

In June 2010, JVP launched a divestment campaign against the pension fund TIAA-CREF for investing in Caterpillar, Elbit, Veolia, Motorola, and Northrop Grumman.[43][failed verification][better source needed]

In September 2010, Israeli artists came to JVP asking for US support to an artistic boycott of the theater in the city of Ariel, in the Israeli-occupied territories. JVP drafted a statement that was signed by over 150 theater and film professionals. On the significance of the action, JVP said that it "was the first time such mainstream figures had drawn a line around normalizing settlements which are illegal according to international law, and which constitute one of the main impediments to a lasting peace between Israelis and Palestinians".[44]

In June 2014, when the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church (USA) voted to divest its stock in Caterpillar, Hewlett-Packard, and Motorola Solutions to protest "the companies' profiting from the Israeli occupation of the Palestinian territories and pressure Israel to withdraw", JVP members attended the church's convention and supported the divestment measure. Rabbi Alissa Wise, a JVP co-director of organizing, told the Presbyterians that to her, divestment "helps Palestinians build their power. So that Israel is convinced, not by force, but by global consensus that something has to change."[45]

Demonstrations

In 2006, JVP helped organize a demonstration outside a meeting of the American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC) in Sacramento, California. The stated purpose of the protest was to argue that AIPAC does not represent the views of all American Jews regarding Israel.[46] As part of a coalition of over 100 organizations, JVP participated in the 2011 Move Over AIPAC conference.[47]

On February 25, 2007, JVP was one of twelve groups that sponsored a demonstration in Teaneck, New Jersey, against the sale of homes in Israeli settlements in the West Bank. The organizations said that in the past, such homes were "sold exclusively to Jewish people" and that Palestinians were not allowed to buy them "because of their religion and their ethnicity". The groups said that the home sale, which took place at Congregation Bnai Yeshurun in Teaneck, might violate international law and New Jersey laws against discriminatory sales practices.[48][49]

The JVP position on the 2008–2009 Israel–Gaza conflict was that Israel's actions were "an opportunistic agenda for short-term political gain at an immense cost in Palestinian lives" which are "illegal and immoral and should be condemned in the strongest possible terms".[50] JVP joined marches and demonstrations condemning Israel in many cities, including Racine, Wisconsin,[51] and Seattle.[52]

The Young Jewish Declaration is a project created by young JVP leaders.[53] Young Jewish and Proud debuted at the 2010 Jewish General Assembly when five of its members disrupted Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu's speech.[54][55][56][57][58]

In 2020, JVP, under moderation by leader Rabbi Alissa Wise, hosted a virtual panel on antisemitism featuring Marc Lamont Hill, Barbara Ransby, Peter Beinart and Rashida Tlaib as speakers. They spoke against antisemitism being used to label advocacy in support of Palestine, while additionally attributing the right as being the largest source of antisemitism, referencing the 2019 Poway synagogue shooting as an example.[59]

Publication

In 2004, JVP published a collection of essays entitled Reframing Anti-Semitism: Alternative Jewish Perspectives. Among the topics it discussed were antisemitism and stereotypes of Jews in modern America. It argued that the Jewish left and critics of Israeli policy had ceded the fight against antisemitism to the Jewish right and that critics of Israel or Israeli policies should not be accused of antisemitism.[60]

Reception

Opponents of Jewish Voice for Peace argue that the organization amplifies a view that is often seen as fringe within the American Jewish community, creating greater tolerance for views and statements considered offensive by Zionists.[61] The ADL, a vocal longtime critic of the organization, has argued that JVP unfairly places the onus of resolving the conflict on Israel.[62] JVP has at times been denied participation or membership in broader Jewish community events or spaces.[63][64] While some Jewish leaders concede that the community is too quick to censor criticism of Israel, even the Jewish state's critics among the community are reluctant to welcome JVP into the fold.[65] JVP has been criticized for partnering with groups including Electronic Intifada, Al-Awda, and the Movement for Black Lives, all of which have characterized Israel's treatment of Palestinians as apartheid and accused the state of genocide.[66][67]

JVP has become the bête noire of the organized Jewish community in the United States, which has largely excluded the organization.[7] Others in the Jewish community have argued that JVP has been unfairly shut out.[68] According to political scientist Dov Waxman, the anger which JVP's actions and positions arouse in many other American Jewish groups is just one index of a broader polarizing controversy within the Jewish American community at large, whose leaders had hitherto managed to shut out internal disagreements from the public purview.[69] Since the 2010s, there has been a shift toward greater tolerance for JVP within the community. Some left-wing Jews have praised the organization for giving an outlet to younger Jews who are more critical toward Israel.[70][71]

In September 2013, the Presbyterian Peace Fellowship awarded JVP its Peaceseeker Award "for their courageous work for justice and peace in Palestine and Israel," noting that the fellowship "celebrates their work of nonviolence in the face of violence."[72]

In 2017, JVP was criticized for inviting Rasmea Odeh, a former PFLP member convicted by Israeli military courts for her role in the 1969 Jerusalem supermarket bombing, as a featured speaker in its biennial conference.[73][74][75] Odeh was subsequently deported from the United States after pleading guilty to immigration fraud and losing her American citizenship.[76]

See also

References

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  2. ^ a b "A JEWISH VOICE FOR PEACE INC - GuideStar Profile". www.guidestar.org. Archived from the original on October 14, 2023. Retrieved October 11, 2023.
  3. ^ a b Tress, Luke (January 18, 2024). "Columbia University's Students for Justice in Palestine and Jewish Voice for Peace remain suspended as new semester begins". Jewish Telegraphic Agency. Archived from the original on January 19, 2024. Retrieved January 21, 2024.
  4. ^ "I Run Jewish Voice for Peace. These Are My Reflections on a Year of Unthinkable Horror". Time Magazine. October 8, 2024.
  5. ^ Center, The Hannah Arendt. "American Jewish Peace Archive: Julie Iny". hac.bard.edu. Archived from the original on March 17, 2024. Retrieved April 12, 2024.
  6. ^ Hurowitz, Noah (November 27, 2023). "Why Jewish Voice for Peace Says 'Not in Our Name'". Intelligencer. Archived from the original on March 1, 2024. Retrieved April 12, 2024.
  7. ^ a b c Waxman, Dov (Fall 2017). "Young American Jews and Israel: Beyond Birthright and BDS". Israel Studies. 22 (3): 177–199. doi:10.2979/israelstudies.22.3.08. JSTOR 10.2979/israelstudies.22.3.08. Retrieved September 18, 2024.
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  73. ^ Jewish Voice for Peace to host convicted terrorist at confab Archived October 22, 2017, at the Wayback Machine, Times of Israel, Josefin Dolsten, March 22, 2017
  74. ^ JVP Plan To Feature Convicted Terrorist As Speaker Upended By Deportation Agreement Archived October 22, 2017, at the Wayback Machine, Forward, Aimee Levitt, March 22, 2017
  75. ^ Jewish Voice for Peace to Host Terrorist at Panel, JPost, Danielle Ziri, February 27, 2017
  76. ^ Terrorist who killed two in Jerusalem bombing deported from United States Archived October 22, 2017, at the Wayback Machine, The Jewish Chronicle, Daniel Sugarman, September 19, 2017

Sources

Further reading

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