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Moroccan's hip-hop and urban culture history dates back to the mid-1990s, when, after hip-hop's emergence in Western culture, Moroccan immigrant youth in Europe transferred the new musical style back to Morocco upon their returns home.
Rap and urban music have since gained a following in major urban centers in Morocco. Moroccan rap, a favorite genre for many Moroccans, especially Moroccan youth, speaks out and protests on social and political issues.[2][3]
Abu Ghanim, K., 2009, Les changements de la nouvelle musique jeune au Maroc (in Arabic), Université Mohamed V, Agdal, Rabat.
Guerrero Parado, J. (2012). Zanka Flow: Rap en árabe marroquí. In Romano-Arabica 12, pp. 125–157
Gintsburg, Sarali (2013). I'll spit my rap for y'all... in darija: Local and global in Moroccan hip hop culture. In Evolution des pratiques et représentations langagières dans le Maroc du 21e siècle (Vol 2), Benítez-Fernández, M., Miller, C. de Ruiter, J and Tamer, Y. (Eds), 186–207. Paris, L’Harmattan.
^Gintsburg, Sarali (2013). I'll spit my rap for y'all... in darija: Local and global in Moroccan hip hop culture. In Evolution des pratiques et représentations langagières dans le Maroc du 21e siècle (Vol 2), Benítez-Fernández, M., Miller, C. de Ruiter, J and Tamer, Y. (Eds), 186-207. Paris, L’Harmattan.
