Amynthas mekongianus

Amynthas mekongianus
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Annelida
Clade:	Pleistoannelida
Clade:	Sedentaria
Class:	Clitellata
Order:	Opisthopora
Family:	Megascolecidae
Genus:	Amynthas
Species:	A. mekongianus
Binomial name
	Amynthas mekongianus; (Cognetti, 1922)
Synonyms
	Megascolex mekongianus

Amynthas mekongianus, the Mekong worm or Mekong giant earthworm, previously known as Megascolex mekongianus, is a species of earthworm in the family Megascolecidae. It is native to the vicinity of the River Mekong in southeastern Asia and may have more than 500 segments and grow to a length of 2.9 m (10 ft).^[1]

Description

The Mekong giant earthworm may grow to a length of up to 2.9 m (10 ft).^[2] Compared to their great length, these worms are relatively slender.^[3] The type specimen was one metre long and 8 mm (0.3 in) wide at the broadest point (segment 5). It had 370 segments and was a greyish colour, rather paler on the ventral surface. The prostomium was poorly preserved. The second segment had 46 setae (bristles) in an incomplete ring with a gap on the ventral surface. Segments 3 to 25 bore about 100 setae each, arranged in a complete ring. The male pores were on segment 17, but this specimen was immature and lacked a clitellum.^[1]

Distribution and habitat

The type specimen was recorded as being from "Ban Leum on Mekong River, Annam". This was mistakenly believed to refer to a village in Central Vietnam well away from the River Mekong, but it has been found that "Ban leum" means "[I] forget the place" in the local dialect, and the type locality is thought to be in Thailand or Laos. The river forms a delta at that point and contains extensive mud and sand flats and embankments where the worms live. Pigs forage and fishermen dig worms for bait there.^[1]

Ecology

Unlike most other species of giant earthworm, which generally inhabit pastureland, the Mekong worm burrows into the muddy banks of the River Mekong in Laos.^[2] The worm forms complex networks of tunnels and brings large quantities of ingested soil to the surface in the form of worm castings.^[4] The worms may be collected from the mud, but are more easily collected from underwater at depths around 40 cm (16 in). Little is known of the worm's ecology.^[1]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Blakemore, Robert J.; Csuzdi, Csaba; Ito, M.T.; Kaneko, N.; Paoletti, M.G.; Spiridonov, S.E.; Uchida, T.; Van Praahg, B.D. (2007). "Megascolex (Promegascolex) mekongianus Cognetti, 1922 – its extent, ecology and allocation to Amynthas (Clitellata/Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae)". Opuscula Zoologica. 36. Budapest: 19–30.
^ ^a ^b Grime, J. Philip; Pierce, Simon (2012). The Evolutionary Strategies that Shape Ecosystems. John Wiley & Sons. p. 121. ISBN 978-1-118-22327-7.
^ Blakemore, R.J. "Terrestrial earthworms: body size range". Retrieved 28 October 2017.
^ Ritz, Karl (2011). The Architecture and Biology of Soils: Life in Inner Space. CABI. p. 72. ISBN 978-1-84593-533-7.

[Blakemore-1] Blakemore, Robert J.; Csuzdi, Csaba; Ito, M.T.; Kaneko, N.; Paoletti, M.G.; Spiridonov, S.E.; Uchida, T.; Van Praahg, B.D. (2007). "Megascolex (Promegascolex) mekongianus Cognetti, 1922 – its extent, ecology and allocation to Amynthas (Clitellata/Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae)". Opuscula Zoologica. 36. Budapest: 19–30.

[Grime-2] Grime, J. Philip; Pierce, Simon (2012). The Evolutionary Strategies that Shape Ecosystems. John Wiley & Sons. p. 121. ISBN 978-1-118-22327-7.

[3] Blakemore, R.J. "Terrestrial earthworms: body size range". Retrieved 28 October 2017.

[4] Ritz, Karl (2011). The Architecture and Biology of Soils: Life in Inner Space. CABI. p. 72. ISBN 978-1-84593-533-7.

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