Marie of Prussia

For other uses, see Marie of Prussia (disambiguation).

Marie of Prussia
Queen Marie in middle age, 1860s
Queen consort of Bavaria
Tenure	28 March 1848 – 10 March 1864
Born	(1825-10-15)15 October 1825 Berlin City Palace, Prussia
Died	17 May 1889(1889-05-17) (aged 63) Hohenschwangau Castle, Bavaria
Burial	Theatine Church
Spouse	Maximilian II of Bavaria ​ ​ (m. 1842; died 1864)​
Issue	Ludwig II Otto I
House	Hohenzollern (by birth) Wittelsbach (by marriage)
Father	Prince Wilhelm of Prussia
Mother	Princess Marie Anna of Hesse-Homburg
Religion	Evangelical Christian Church, later Catholicism

Marie of Prussia (German: Marie Friederike Franziska Auguste Hedwig von Preußen; 15 October 1825 – 17 May 1889) was Queen of Bavaria by marriage to Maximilian II of Bavaria, and the mother of Kings Ludwig II and Otto of Bavaria.

Life

Born and raised in Berlin, she was the daughter of Prince Wilhelm of Prussia, a younger brother of King Friedrich Wilhelm III of Prussia, and his wife, Landgravine Marie Anna of Hesse-Homburg. The family spent half of the year at Fischbach (today Karpniki) Castle in Silesia, where they loved to hike in the Giant Mountains.

In her youth, Marie was seriously considered as a wife for Ernest II, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, until her engagement to Maximilian was announced.

Queen

Marie of Prussia as Crown Princess of Bavaria, by Joseph Karl Stieler, 1843, Gallery of Beauties, Nymphenburg Palace

Queen Marie of Bavaria, 1864

On 12 October 1842, she married the Crown Prince, and later King of Bavaria, Maximilian II.

Marie was loved equally by both the Catholic and Protestant populations. (At that time, Bavaria was mostly Catholic, whilst Prussia was mostly Evangelical.) A specific emphasis of her "great social engagement" was a reactivation of the Bavarian Women's Association, which took place on 18 December 1869 with the aid of her son, Ludwig II. Its aim was "Pflege und Unterstützung der im Felde verwundeten und erkrankten Krieger" (Care and support of soldiers wounded and injured in the field). The Bavarian Red Cross was officially founded as a result of the Bavarian Women's Association. The Red Cross eventually took over for the Queen.

Queen dowager

With the sudden death of Maximilian II on 10 March 1864, Marie became a widow. On 12 October 1874, she converted to Catholicism.

As a widow she lived at Nymphenburg Palace. She spent her summer holidays at Schloss Hohenschwangau near Füssen, a castle her husband had redecorated in Gothic Revival style, and at her country estate in Elbigenalp in the Lechtal Alps. She enjoyed hiking the mountains, which she had often done with her sons when they were young. Marie looked after her second son Otto, who was declared insane. She outlived her elder son, Ludwig II, by nearly three years; his unusual death occurring on 13 June 1886. Marie died in 1889 in Hohenschwangau.

She is interred in the Theatine Church in Munich in a side chapel opposite her husband.

Issue

• Ludwig II of Bavaria (25 August 1845 – 13 June 1886); succeeded as King of Bavaria as Ludwig II. Declared mentally incompetent without examination and deposed in a coup in favour of his uncle, Prince Luitpold, on 10 June 1886; died under disputed circumstances.
• Otto I of Bavaria (27 April 1848 – 11 October 1916); succeeded as King of Bavaria as Otto I, but reigned only in name due to the regency of his uncle, Prince Luitpold. Declared mentally incompetent and deposed on 5 November 1913 by his cousin Prince Ludwig, later King Ludwig III of Bavaria.

Honours

• Kingdom of Bavaria: Grand Mistress of the Order of Theresa
• Kingdom of Prussia:
  • Dame of the Order of Louise, 1st Division
  • Cross of Merit for Women and Girls
• Spain: Dame of the Order of Queen Maria Luisa, 17 June 1856
• Kingdom of Saxony: Dame of the Order of Sidonia, 1871

Ancestry

Ancestors of Marie of Prussia

8. Prince Augustus William of Prussia 4. Frederick William II of Prussia 9. Duchess Luise of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel 2. Prince Wilhelm of Prussia 10. Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt 5. Princess Frederika Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt 11. Countess Palatine Caroline of Zweibrücken 1. Marie of Prussia 12. Frederick IV, Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg 6. Frederick V, Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg 13. Princess Ulrike Louise of Solms-Braunfels 3. Princess Maria Anna of Hesse-Homburg 14. Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt (= 10) 7. Princess Caroline of Hesse-Darmstadt 15. Countess Palatine Caroline of Zweibrücken (= 11)

References

This article was translated from the article on the German Wikipedia on December 21, 2005.