Malcev algebra

For the Lie algebras or groups, see Malcev Lie algebra.

In mathematics, a Malcev algebra (or Maltsev algebra or Moufang–Lie algebra) over a field is a nonassociative algebra that is antisymmetric, so that

$xy=-yx$

and satisfies the Malcev identity

$(xy)(xz)=((xy)z)x+((yz)x)x+((zx)x)y.$

They were first defined by Anatoly Maltsev (1955).

Malcev algebras play a role in the theory of Moufang loops that generalizes the role of Lie algebras in the theory of groups. Namely, just as the tangent space of the identity element of a Lie group forms a Lie algebra, the tangent space of the identity of a smooth Moufang loop forms a Malcev algebra. Moreover, just as a Lie group can be recovered from its Lie algebra under certain supplementary conditions, a smooth Moufang loop can be recovered from its Malcev algebra if certain supplementary conditions hold. For example, this is true for a connected, simply connected real-analytic Moufang loop.

Examples

• Any Lie algebra is a Malcev algebra.
• Any alternative algebra may be made into a Malcev algebra by defining the Malcev product to be xy − yx.
• The 7-sphere may be given the structure of a smooth Moufang loop by identifying it with the unit octonions. The tangent space of the identity of this Moufang loop may be identified with the 7-dimensional space of imaginary octonions. The imaginary octonions form a Malcev algebra with the Malcev product xy − yx.

See also

• Malcev-admissible algebra

References

• Elduque, Alberto; Myung, Hyo C. (1994), Mutations of alternative algebras, Kluwer, ISBN 0-7923-2735-7
• Filippov, V.T. (2001) [1994], "Mal'tsev algebra", Encyclopedia of Mathematics, EMS Press
• Mal'cev, A. I. (1955), "Analytic loops", Mat. Sb., New Series (in Russian), 36 (78): 569–576, MR 0069190