Hungarian-Serbian War (c. 960)
| Magyar-Serb conflict | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of the Hungarian invasions of Europe | |||||||
.jpg) Illustration of Časlav being thrown into the Sava by the Magyars | |||||||
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
| Serbian Principality | Magyar tribes | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
| Časlav † | Kisa † | ||||||
According to the dubious[1] late 13th century Chronicle of the Priest of Duklja, a Magyar leader named Kisa (Serbian: Kiš) led an invasion into Bosnia, where he was decisively defeated by certain Ciaslavus somewhere on the Drina near a place called Civelino.[2][3] Kisa's widow requested from the Magyar chief to give her another army to avenge his death. With an "unknown number" of troops, the widow went for Ciaslavus, encountering him somewhere in Syrmia. In the night, the Magyars attacked the Serbs, captured Ciaslavus and all of his male relatives. On the command of the widow, all of them were bound by their hands and feet and thrown into the Sava river. Seemingly the region of Syrmia wasn't conquered as the mythical successor Belo fought there at the battle of Bellina and concluded peace with the Hungarians.[4][5][6][7]
The mentioned Ciaslavus some scholars identify with the Prince of Serbia, Časlav of Serbia (r. 933–943) from the 10th century De Administrando Imperio.[2] The event some scholars date to c. 950 or 960, expanding Časlav rule and life.[8] However, the account could be just a fantasy.[3]
References
[edit]- ^ Slovo. Vol. 47–49. 1999. p. 22.
... of Dioclea (or in Croatian Ljetopis Popa Dukljanina), a text of somewhat dubious value as a historical source
- ^ a b Živković 2008, p. 255.
- ^ a b Dzino 2023, p. 194.
- ^ Živković 2008, p. 220, 255.
- ^ Živković 2009, p. 80–94.
- ^ Bulić 2013, p. 218.
- ^ Kowalski 2021, pp. 91, 163, 179–189, 191–192, 217, 233–235, 240, 247, 250, 283, 311.
- ^ Fine 1991, p. 160.
Sources
[edit]- Bulić, Dejan (2013). "The Fortifications of the Late Antiquity and the Early Byzantine Period on the Later Territory of the South-Slavic Principalities, and their re-occupation". The World of the Slavs: Studies of the East, West and South Slavs: Civitas, Oppidas, Villas and Archeological Evidence (7th to 11th Centuries AD). Belgrade: The Institute for History. pp. 137–234. ISBN 9788677431044.
- Ćorović, Vladimir (2001). "Srbi između Vizantije, Hrvatske i Bugarske". Istorija srpskog naroda (Internet ed.). Belgrade: Ars Libri.
Srbe i Hrvate od početka X veka često i surovo napadaju Mađari, bilo da na njih udaraju neposredno, bilo da preko njihova područja prodiru u tuđe oblasti. Poslednje godine vlade cara Konstantina, 959., o Vaskrsu, oni prodiru duboko u Vizantiju, do blizu same prestonice. U tim napadajima nije, verovatno, bila pošteđena ni Srbija. U Dukljanskoj Hronici ima poduža priča o tom, kako je Časlav došao u sukob s Mađarima i poginuo od njih. Neki vođa mađarski, Kiš, upao je s vojskom u Bosnu i plenio je. Časlav požuri sa svojim četama proti njega. Stiže ga negde kod Drine i potpuno ga potuče; sam Kiš pogibe u toj borbi. Njegova udovica pođe poglavici mađarskom s molbom, da joj da novu vojsku, da bi osvetila muža. Sa "nebrojenom vojskom", priča hronika, pošla je ona protiv Časlava. Zatekla ga je negde u Sremu. Po noći, iznenada, napali su Mađari na Srbe, potukli ih i uhvatili i samog Časlava i svu njegovu mušku rodbinu. Po naredbi Kišove udovice, vezali su im noge i ruke i pobacali ih sve u Savu. To je bilo negde oko 960. god.
- Dzino, Danijel (2023). Early Medieval Hum and Bosnia, ca. 450-1200: Beyond Myths. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 9781000893434.
- Fine, John Van Antwerp Jr. (1991) [1983]. The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelfth Century. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press. ISBN 0-472-08149-7.
- Kowalski, Wawrzyniec (2021). The Kings of the Slavs: The Image of a Ruler in the Latin Text of The Chronicle of the Priest of Duklja. BRILL. ISBN 9789004447639.
- Шишић, Фердо, ed. (1928). Летопис Попа Дукљанина (Chronicle of the Priest of Duklja). Београд-Загреб: Српска краљевска академија.
- Živković, Tibor (2008). Forging unity: The South Slavs between East and West 550-1150. Belgrade: The Institute of History, Čigoja štampa. ISBN 978-86-7558-573-2.
- Кунчер, Драгана (2009). Gesta Regum Sclavorum. Vol. 1. Београд-Никшић: Историјски институт, Манастир Острог.
- Živković, Tib (2009). Gesta Regum Sclavorum. Vol. 2. Београд-Никшић: Историјски институт, Манастир Острог.